高应力软岩巷道壁后充填支护研究

高应力软岩巷道属非线性大变形问题,巷道支护必须满足其变形要求。总结了白皎煤矿高应力软岩砌碹巷道变形破坏特征,分析了砌碹巷道破坏机理,并对碹体壁后充填粉煤灰基材料改善"支护-围岩"关系的作用机理进行了分析,最后得到了现场验证。     

岩石单轴与三轴CT尺度裂纹演化过程观测

结合使用专用三轴压力仪与CT扫描仪,对砂岩和粉砂岩分别进行压缩试验并获得了系列CT图像。发现单轴压缩和三轴压缩时岩石试件均经历压密、扩容、CT尺度裂纹萌生、扩展、扩张、贯通和岩石宏观破坏阶段。在压密阶段和扩容阶段,CT图像无明显变化。采用密度损伤增量定量描述细观裂纹演化的集合效应。在CT尺度裂纹演化阶段,从CT图像出发描述裂纹的空间位置、形态、运动方向分析CT尺度裂纹演化对于岩石变形和强度的影响。裂纹模式图可揭示CT裂纹演化的规律。CT裂纹演化的基本特点是扩展与扩张的交替性。三轴条件下CT裂纹与主应力夹角较大,裂纹面较平直,裂纹扩张困难,呈现剪切破坏特点。     

基于子空间法的空时分组码系统信道盲估计

结合多信道子空间理论,结合空时分组码的正交特性,提出了新的盲信道估计算法。首先,根据空时分组码结构特点,将原编码矩阵分解,并将接收矩阵合理地构造,把原信道矩阵重新构造成新的重构信道矩阵。然后求出重构信道矩阵的噪声子空间,之后利用信号子空间与噪声子空间正交特性,构造出信道矩阵作为变量的线性方程组,因而可以得到信道矩阵的闭式解。对三种典型的空时分组码进行仿真验证,仿真结果表明本算法的有效性。     

采矿岩体动态稳定性CA模型的建立与系统分析

运用元胞自动机的演化建模方法构建深部采矿岩体的动态稳定性演化模型.定义岩体的工作状态变化概率和岩体完整性影响系数,创建了一种实现采矿岩体的动力学仿真模型.通过数字模拟实验,分析了岩体中不同状态下的元胞相互作用的关系,得到了以离散度作为岩体动态稳定性的度量指标.     

Kinematics analysis of a robotic rock grinder

With the aim to discover water, life and resources in other planets, robotic sampling instrument is a crucial part of the space exploration robot. To remove dusty and weathered surfaces and expose the fresh rock underneath the planetary surface, a robotic rock grinder is considered to replace the geolo- gist’s rock hammer to carry out the geological investigation. A primary prototype of the robotic rock grinder with three degrees of freedom has been developed in this paper. Planetary transmission system is used in the grinding driving system with two inputs (rotation motor and revolution motor) and two outputs (grinding wheel and cutting brush). The grinding wheel with two teeth has been used to abrade the rock. The cutting brush is used to sweep the debris. The third actuator is to feed the grinding sys- tem. Kinematics of the grinding system has been analyzed. To get a continuous and smooth fresh face over the rock, grinding trajectory of the grinding wheel has been discussed and planned. Lastly, abra- sion experiments have been made to testify the feasibility and the basic function of this system.     

Discussion of gas enrichment mechanism and natural gas origin in marine sedimentary basin,China

There are abundant natural gas resources in Chinese marine sedimentary basin. The exploration hot shots of natural gas are the Palaeozoic marine strata here in recent years, and several large scale gas fields have been discovered. Chinese Palaeozoic high-post matured and coal measure hydrocarbon source rocks are mainly prone to gas generation in the present. This research considered that gas source rocks and TSR are the key cause of gas enrichment of marine strata. High-quality argillaceous and coal measure hydrocarbon rocks are distributed widely in the Palaeozoic marine strata, which have been in highly matured phase in the present. The argillaceous source rock generally contains various sulfates that could accelerate crude oil cracking to gas for TSR occurrence, and coal measure source rock mainly generates gas, so Chinese marine basin gives priority to accumulating gas. Marine strata have not founded oil reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin and Ordos Basin, and they consist mainly of dry gas. Marine natural gases are the mixed gases of oil cracking gas and coal-formed gas in a general way, oil cracking gases contain usually some H2S and CO2. Hydrocarbon carbon isotopes are very complicated, and methane and ethane isotopic values bear apparent reversal caused by thermal evolution and mixing among different genetic types of natural gas. Coal-formed gases are the main component of Chinese marine natural gas. The Upper Permian of the Sichuan Basin and the Carboniferous-Permian of the Ordos Basin coal measure hydrocarbon source rock present large hydrocarbon generation potential, which are the prospecting highlight of marine natural gas hereafter. Oil cracking gas exploration will be paid much attention to in the Tarim Basin because of the lack of coal measure hydrocarbon source rock.     

The controlling factors and distribution prediction of H_2S formation in marine carbonate gas reservoir,China

Generally, there are some anhydrites in carbonate reservoir, as H2S is also familiar in carbonate oil and gas reservoirs. Nowadays, natural gas with high H2S concentration is usually considered as TSR origin, so there is close relationship between H2S and anhydrite. On the contrary, some carbonate rocks with anhydrite do not contain H2S. Recently, researches show that H2S is only a necessary condition of H2S formation. The reservoir porosity, sulfate ion content within formation water, reservoir temperature, oil/gas and water interface, hydrocarbon and some elements of reservoir rock have great controlling effects on the TSR occurrence. TSR deoxidizes hydrocarbon into the acidic gas such as H2S and CO2, and the H2S formation is controlled by TSR occurrence, so the relationship among reaction room, the contact chance of sulfate ion and hydrocarbon, the reservoir temperature has great influence on the TSR reaction. H2S has relatively active chemical quality, so it is still controlled by the content of heavy metal ion. Good conditions of TSR reaction and H2S preservation are the prerequisite of H2S distribution prediction. This paper builds a predictive model based on the characteristic of natural gas reservoir with high H2S-bearing. In the porosity reservoir with anhydrite, the formation water is rich in sulfate and poor in heavy metal ion. Oil and gas fill and accumulate in the gas reservoir with good preservation conditions, and they suffered high temperature later, which indicates the profitable area of natural gas with high H2S-bearing.     

西藏措勤地区典中组火山岩地球化学特征及构造背景

措勤盆地位于西藏冈底斯构造-岩浆岩带的西段北侧,该区古新世火山活动十分强烈,形成了一套厚度大于1 000 m的中酸性火山岩地层,火山岩K-Ar和Rb-Sr同位素年龄为63.9～61.0 Ma,区域上可与古近纪林子宗群下部层位相对比,归为古新统典中组.火山岩岩石化学、地球化学特征分析表明,该火山岩系属高钾钙碱性-钙碱性系列,轻稀土富集,负Eu异常明显.与原始地幔相比,微量元素Rb,Ba,K,Th,U富集;Ti,P,Sr,Ta(Nb)亏损.锶、氧同位素组成显示岩浆来源与陆壳物质关系密切,推测是来自于俯冲带的幔源基性岩浆与陆壳重熔酸性岩浆以不同比例混合所形成.综合研究认为,这套火山岩形成于陆缘弧构造环境,与喜马拉雅特提斯洋壳向北俯冲消减作用有关.     

破碎岩体中的气体渗流规律研究

从实际流体的运动微分方程出发，推导得出了破碎岩体中的气体渗流微分方程，并进一步结合流-固耦合理论导出了破碎岩体中的流-固耦合随机微分方程：通过白行设计的试验仪器、试验方法，进行了破碎岩体中的气体渗流试验，得出了不同粒径的破碎砂岩的气体渗透率，并给出了破碎岩体中的渗透率变化规律，丰富了破碎岩体中气体的渗流理论和试验方法，对以后该问题的进一步研究具有一定的参考价值。     

岩巷快速爆破掘进的探讨

对影响岩巷掘进速度的循环进尺、巷道成型、爆破效率、炮眼深度、组织管理等因素进行了分析探讨。