基于克隆思维进化算法的机器人足球协作策略

针对足球机器人比赛系统的实时性要求,采用了一种克隆思维进化算法对足球机器人比赛系统的高层策略系统进行优化。克隆思维进化算法集免疫机制与进化机制于一体,在发挥思维进化算法优势的基础上增加了克隆(复制)、克隆重组、克隆变异和克隆选择等算子,既保持了种群的多样性,又提高了算法的收敛速度。足球比赛场上的瞬时信息作为抗原,待选策略作为抗体,二者均采用二进制编码方式。用克隆思维进化算法对抗体群进行优化,实验结果表明,采用该算法能快速找到最佳策略,简化了足球机器人决策系统,提高了决策效率。     

基于图像处理的移动机器人视觉定位方法

移动机器人视觉定位方法,主要是将目标物体的图像像素与移动机器人和目标物体之间的距离联系起来。应用视觉传感器搜寻目标物体,并借助于图像处理技术提取目标物体的特征对目标进行定位。通过计算目标物体图像的像素数,比例关系来确定目标物体与机器人之间的距离。这种方法成功地运用于RIRAII移动机器人上。     

“穿地龙”机器人运动轨迹分析及仿真研究

为进行非开挖条件下地下管线的铺设,研制了"穿地龙"机器人,该机器人采用气动冲击方式工作。对机器人的运动轨迹进行了分析,推导出运动轨迹的表达公式,并建立了机器人直线运动的数学模型。以建立的数学模型为基础,编制了机器人运动轨迹的仿真程序,获得了较好的仿真结果。仿真结果表明,机器人的锥形钻头和冲击机构同时运动时,机器人的运行轨迹近似为一条直线,从而验证了"穿地龙"机器人总体方案的可行性。实验结果说明,该机器人可以在非开挖条件下按目标轨迹完成土中穿孔作业。     

高速并联机械手抓放操作时间最优轨迹规划

提出了一种两平动自由度高速并联机械手——Diamond机构的时间最优轨迹规划方法．首先分析得到3次样条规律的操作空间轨迹误差与关节空间插扑节点间距的4次方成正比，然后确定出典型抓放操作轨迹各段的最大插补间距并获得抓放轨迹上一组最少轨迹点序列，有效提高了计算效率。 在此基础上，以关节速度、加速度和其变化率，以及关节驱动转矩为约束条件，以抓放时间最短为目标，采用复合型优化法计算出电池分选操作的最大和最小单程运行时间分别为0．21S和0．13S，平均分选速度超过100次／min。该方法已成功应用于由4台Diamond机械手构成的高性能锂离子电池分选系统。     

机器视觉系统的设计

介绍了机器视觉系统的概念,提出了机器视觉系统的典型组成,在进行用户需求分析的基础上,详细讨论了如何利用光源、光学镜头、摄像机、图像采集卡以及图像处理软件等主要部件来设计开发一个焊缝机器视觉应用系统的关键技术.最后给出了一个焊缝检测应用实例.     

Structure and kinematic analysis of a novel 2-DOF translational parallel robot

This paper addresses the analysis of a novel parallel robot with 2 translational degrees of freedom (DOFs). The robot can position a rigid body in a plane with constant orientation. The kinematic structure of the robot is first described in detail. Some kinematic problems, such as the inverse and forward kinematics, velocity, and singularity are then analyzed. The working and assembly modes are discussed. Since it is the most important index to design a robot, the workspace of the robot is studied systematically in this paper. Based on the analysis of reachable workspace and singularity, a kind of workspace concept characterizing the region that the end-effector of the robot can reach in practice is defined. The results of this paper will be very useful for the design and application of the robot.     

Exoskeleton arm with force feedback for robot bilateral teleoperation

A novel 6 degrees of freedom (DOFs) wearable exoskeleton arm,ZJUESA,based on man-machine system is present- ed.It can be used in robot bilateral teleoperation as master arm with force-feedback.With introducing the revolute-prismatic-spherical (RPS) parallel mechanism and planetary gear mechanism,it is designed based on the anatomy of human upper-limb.With the sensors on this external mechanical structure,the human operator motion is detected and converted to the slave robot control command.Additionally the pneumatic system on it generates a force feedback by using hybrid fuzzy control.As a result,the human operator may have a feeling of doing the work directly.     

A Statistical Method for Analysis of Technical Data of a Badminton Match Based on 2-D Seriate Images

The use of computer vision technology to collect and analyze statistics during badminton matches or training sessions can be expected to provide valuable information to help coaches to determine which tactics should be used by a player in a given game or to improve the player＇s tactical training. A method based on 2-D seriate images by which statistical data of a badminton match can be obtained is presented. Image capture and analysis were performed synchronously using a multithreading technique. The regions of movement in the images were detected using a temporal difference method, and the trajectories of the movement regions were analyzed using sedate images. The shuttlecock trajectory was extracted from all detected trajectories using various characteristic parameters. The stroke type was determined by comparing the shuttlecock trajectory data with a set of stroke definition data. The algorithm was tested at a training center, and the results were compared with baseline data obtained by expert visual inspection using four video samples, which included approximately 10 000 frames. The shuttlecock trajectory and stroke type were detected correctly in almost 100% of the analyzed video sequences. The average speed of the automated analysis was approximately 40 frames/s, indicating that the method can be used for real-time analysis during a badminton match. The system is convenient for use by a sports coach.     

论“四个划清”与中国特色社会主义的世界视野

党的十七届四中全会提出的＂四个划清＂,对中国特色社会主义进行了科学的定位。中国特色社会主义强调＂四个划清＂并不是排斥国际经验,也不是忽视国际责任,更不是否定其世界意义。中国特色社会主义充分吸收了人类创造的一切文明成果,深切关注世界的共同发展,对人类生存发展具有重大贡献,这些都体现了它宏阔的世界视野。     

评加扎里《精巧机械装置的知识》

加扎里的《精巧机械装置的知识》一书在中世纪阿拉伯机械史研究中具有重要意义。书中叙述了六大类共50种他所设计的自动机械装置的制作方法和工作流程。在肯定本书对于机械装置制作工艺的严谨和详细描述以外,同时探讨阿拉伯自动机械设计风格中突出强调娱乐性的特点。