乡土树种的开发利用

长期采用少量乡土树种和一些外来树种植树造林,使山西省林业生态建设出现了一些问题。文章介绍了山西省乡土树种利用的现状、选优步骤以及开发前景。     

灰色关联分析用于稻米品质综合评价的改进

根据最新的国家米质标准和农业部行业标准,对用于稻米品质综合评价的灰色关联分析方法进行了改进,并对改进后的分析结果作了解释和预测,对学术界关于灰色关联分析的应用价值问题提出了自己的观念。表2,参16。     

DNA in wheat seeds from European archaeological sites

We have used hybridization analysis to detect ancient DNA in wheat seeds collected from three archaeological sites in Europe and the Middle East. One of these samples, carbonizedT. spelta dated to the first millennium BC, has yielded PCR products after amplification with primers directed at the leader regions of the HMW (high molecular weight) glutenin alleles. Sequences obtained from these products suggest that the DNA present in the Danebury seeds is chemically damaged, as expected for ancient DNA, and also indicate that it should be possible to study the genetic variability of archaeological wheat by ancient DNA analysis. Finally, we describe a PCR-based system that enables tetraploid and hexaploid wheats to be distinguished.     

苄基环戊二烯的相转移催化合成

碱性不介质中和四丁基溴化铵存在下，环戊二烯和氯化苄反应，合成了苄基环戊二烯。     

咖啡因对提高水稻辐射诱变效率的初步探讨

采用咖啡因前处理后再用10000拉特(~80)Co—γ射线辐照水稻种子的试验表明:咖啡因对M_1代所产生的生理损伤(成苗率、苗高及育性等)有加剧作用.M_2代秧苗叶绿素突变及田间农艺性状变异的频率有提高的趋势,而用同样浓度的咖啡因单独处理则没有这些作用.     

Antisense expression of a rice cellular apoptosis susceptibility gene (OsCAS} alters the height of transgenic rice

Cellular apoptosis susceptibility (CAS) gene plays important roles in mitosis, development and export of importin a from the nucleus, but its function in plant is unknown. In this study, a rice CAS ortholog (OsCAS), which encodes a predicted protein of 983 amino acids with 62% similarity to human CAS, was identified. DNA gel blot analysis revealed a single copy of OsCAS in the rice genome. A 973 bp fragment at the 3' end of OsCAS cDNA was cloned from rice cDNA library and transferred into rice in the antisense direction under the control of CaMV 35S promoter via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method, 105 transgenic lines were obtained. Expression of OsCAS was suppressed in the antisense transgenic lines as revealed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The antisense transgenic lines showed dwarf phenotypes. The results indicated that OsCAS was involved in culm development of rice.     

一种复合营养素制剂的毒理学研究

通过小鼠急性经口毒性试验、遗传毒性试验（Ames试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验）和大鼠30 d喂养试验,对以番茄红素油树脂、葡萄籽提取物为主要原料制成的复合营养素制剂进行毒理学研究.结果表明,样品对小鼠的最大耐受剂量（MTD）大于20 000 mg/kg BW,急性经口毒性属无毒级;3项遗传毒性试验结果均为阴性;30 d喂养试验中,各剂量组大鼠生长良好,血液指标、组织学检查等均未见与样品有关的异常改变.在试验剂量下,该复合营养素制剂是安全的.     

环境因子对滇西北地区植物多样性分布格局的影响

利用一元回归分析和偏回归分析,探讨了滇西北地区温、热带植物的分布格局及其控制因素.结果表明,温带植物多样性的高值主要出现在研究区域北部,而热带植物多样性则未呈现明显的纬度趋势.热带植物比重高值主要出现在研究区域南部,而温带植物比重高值主要出现在北部.生境异质性对温带植物多样性的解释率明显高于对热带植物多样性的解释率.这意味着,生境异质性对多样性格局的影响力可能在一定程度上取决于植物的生物地理分布区性质.气候因子对温、热带植物比重的解释率明显高于对温、热植物多样性的解释率.相比气候因子与温、热带植物多样性的关系,气候因子与温、热带植物比重之间关系可能更能反映滇西北地区温、热带植物的生态位保守性.     

江西省稻米中总砷和无机砷含量的测定与分析

选取江西省10个县市的100份新收获稻米为实验材料,分别采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法和高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法,测定了稻米中的总砷和无机砷含量。测定结果表明,该方法线性方程和相关系数良好,稻米粉标准物质测定结果良好。100份稻米中的总砷含量变化为0.045~0.382mg/kg,均值为 0.170mg/kg;无机砷含量变化为0.000~0.180mg/kg,均值为 0.067mg/kg;单因素方差分析结果显示,江西省10个县市稻米中的总砷和无机砷含量之间均存在不同程度的差异性,其中无机砷含量的差异性最为显著。实验结果证实,稻米无机砷中三价As³⁺含量较高,约占无机砷含量的90%。美国环境保护署健康风险评估结果表明,江西省稻米中无机砷含量的暴露对人体健康没有风险。