The fate of injectant coal in blast furnaces: The origin of extractable materials of high molecular mass in blast furnace carryover dusts

The aim of the work was to investigate the fate of injectant coal in blast furnaces and the origin of extractable materials in blast furnace carryover dusts. Two sets of samples including injectant coal and the corresponding carryover dusts from a full sized blast furnace and a pilot scale rig have been examined. The samples were extracted using 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) solvent and the extracts studied by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The blast furnace carryover dust extracts contained high molecular weight carbonaceous material, of apparent mass corresponding to 10⁷?10⁸ u, by polystyrene calibration. In contrast, the feed coke and char prepared in a wire mesh reactor under high temperature conditions did not give any extractable material. Meanwhile, controlled combustion experiments in a high-pressure wire mesh reactor suggest that the extent of combustion of injectant coal in the blast furnace tuyeres and raceways is limited by time of exposure and very low oxygen concentration. It is thus likely that the extractable, soot-like material in the blast furnace dust originated in tars is released by the injectant coal. Our results suggest that the unburned tars were thermally altered during the upward path within the furnace, giving rise to the formation of heavy molecular weight (soot-like) materials.     

以反胶束为模板合成导电聚苯胺

选用2—乙基已基琥珀酸钠(AOT)／异辛烷、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚(Triton-X100或OP)／正辛醇／环己烷以及十六烷基三甲基澳化铵(CTAB)／氯仿／正辛醇三种不同类型的表面活性剂形成的反胶束体系为模板进行苯胺聚合．系统地讨论了苯胺与过硫酸铵的物质的量的比、反应时间、氧化剂滴加速率、反应温度、微水相酸浓度及表面活性剂浓度等因素对于反应表现收率及电导率的影响．     

糖精钠和山梨酸电极产物的高效液相色谱分析

用电化学和高效液相色谱法对糖精钠和山梨酸在-1．6V处的还原进行分离和表征，为鉴定电极反应，推断电极反应机理，提供了一种新的方法．     

阔草清除草剂在玉米及土壤中残留动态研究

采用zorbaxSIL色谱柱、以二氯甲烷-甲醇为流动相的高效液相色谱法测定了阔草清除草剂在玉米田土壤、玉米籽粒和植株上的残留动态，建立了样品前处理方法和分析方法。阔草清在土壤、玉米籽粒、植株的添加回收率分别为88.00%～96.80%,90.30%～93.50%和84.20%～94.20%,阔草清在土壤中的半衰期（t1/2)吉林为12.1d。山东为20d，山东为20d，降解速度较慢；在植株中半衰期（t1/2)吉林为4.3h,山东为5.5h，降解较快。但在收获的土壤、玉米和植株中均未检出。说明其残留污染性很小，可以在玉米田安全使用。     

Review on aggregation of acid extractants in solvent extraction of metal ions: remark on the general model

The aggregation behavior of various acid extractants in the solvent extraction systems of metal ions is re-examined and explained according to knowledge obtained in recent work. The conclusions are as follows. (1) Complexes formed by the extractants and metal ions can form reversed micelles in organic diluents, depending on the microstructures of the complexes. The dimers of the acid extractant cannot percolate to the metal-extractant aggregates, and the acid-salt complexes are always formed in the aggregates. The reversed micelles or the W/O microemulsions formed by different species cannot be associated with each other to form a unified aggregate. (2) In solvent extraction systems, hydration of the extractants and metal ions can be considered as the driving force of forming reversed micelles. (3) Information of the first approach to the insight of the bicontinuous microemulsion of NaDEHP shows that various components in the aqueous phase behave confined and very similar to the typical AOT/n-heptane W/O microemulsions. (4) In the extraction of lanthanide ions by the W/O microemulsion of sodium naphthenate, the saponification is a process of forming reversed micelle or W/O microemulsion, while the extraction step is a process of destroying reversed micelles or W/O microemulsion droplets.     

高效液相色谱-抑制化学发光法检测药物中的扑热息痛

基于扑热息痛对鲁米诺铁氰化钾化学发光体系的抑制作用,采用HypersilC18色谱柱分离、抑制化学发光法检测了药物中的扑热息痛含量.扑热息痛浓度在8 0×10-7～1 6×10-5g/mL范围内与化学发光强度呈良好的线性关系,检测限(3σ)为7 4×10-8g/mL,方法的相对标准偏差为3 4%.该方法已成功应用于扑热息痛片、散利痛和维C银翘片中扑热息痛含量的测定.     

2-取代苯并咪唑衍生物的定量分析

传统非水滴定方法分析苯并咪唑衍生物的含量，由于受到杂质中胺类化合物的影响，造成结果偏高，甚至达到100%以上。文中采用薄层层析法分离苯并咪唑衍生物及杂质，首先分离出苯并咪唑衍生物，然后用非水滴定方法分析含量，得到了准确的分析结果。初步确定影响分析结果的杂质为未完全反应的原料之一邻苯二胺。     

尿激酶亲和层析分离中吸附和洗脱过程的速率模型模拟

采用非平衡层析速率模型，对尿激酶的亲和层析过程进行了模拟计算。利用亲和层析，可以将粗品原料净化为高纯度尿激酶产品；层析所用的亲和载体是采用对氨基苯甲脒作为配基，将琼脂糖凝胶进行活化制得的。通过问歇实验，测定了吸附等温线并进行吸附动力学研究。借助于VERSE—LC模拟软件，采用速率模型作为基本方程，对亲和层析的实验现象进行了数值模拟分析，与实验结果进行对比发现，速率模型可以较准确地描述固定床中的亲和层析过程。     

人工神经网络预测离子色谱分离条件

 以EDTA为淋洗液,用均匀试验设计法研究了高Cl^-浓度下Cl^-与NO₂^-,NO₃^-的分离条件.将实验条件和实验结果作为BP神经网络的训练集,同时对网络的结构和训练速率进行筛选和优化.经过2567次训练后,网络训练误差达到10^-5.对训练结果的考察表明,人工神经网络以较少的实验数据成功建立了离子色谱分离条件的预测模型,最大相对误差仅为0.85%.     

新的环糊精衍生物气相色谱固定相的初步研究

合成一种新的β-环糊精衍生物固定相：3-单(N-苯甲酰化L-丙氨酸酰基)-七(2，6-二-0-甲基)-β-环糊精，考察了该种固定相的气相色谱性能，并与合成中使用的母体七(2，6-二-0-甲基)-β-环糊精衍生物的气相色谱性能进行了比较。新固定相具有较好的成膜性，较高的柱效，对难分离的含有苯环的常规物质对以及含苯环的位置异构体具有很好的分离效果。氨基酸官能团的引入改变了环糊精的空腔结构；环糊精上取代基的大小、极性、形状与客体分子的π-π相互作用等对于客体分子的识别起到关键作用。