非完全数据光学层析的理论与实验研究

为解决以复杂流场三维测量为应用背景的非完全数据光学干涉层析(OCT)这一国内外急待解决而尚未成功解决的理论与技术难题，经多年研究，开展了系列实验技术，提出了系统的非完全数据OCT重建理论方法，并首次将OCT技术与计算流体力学和计算流动图像技术融合，为解决非完全数据的光学三维层析开拓了一条新途径。     

高程起伏对雷达景像匹配的影响及改正方法

雷达景像匹配由于具有全天候的特征，在飞行器导航与定位中受到重视。针对实时雷达景像以及参考基准图像的成像方式，分析了地面高程起伏对实时雷达景像以及参考基准图像构像的影响，及合成孔径雷达（SAR）影像上因地形起伏产生的影像变形的改正；推导出实时雷达景像上，影像像点位移与地面高程起伏的关系式，以及由此产生的影像变形的改正方法和具体改正步骤，同时利用数字地面模型（DEM）对模拟实时雷达图像进行反纠正，在辐射特性一致的条件下，通过匹配试验分析因地形起伏产生的实时雷达景像变形对匹配精度的影响。     

血管弹性重构方法的研究

在血管内施加静态压力,由血管内超声成象与二维运动估计方法获得血管壁组织内位移与应变分布后,在国际上首次重构获得了不同应变条件下真正意义下的务管壁组织弹性显微分布图象,在血管小应条件下,确定弹性明显差异区域与边界,求解应力平衡方程来重构血管组织弹性分布,在血管大应条条件下,利用牛顿－拉斐逊法使失代逼近位移与运动估计实验位移的均方误差为最小来重构血管弹性分布,离体猪血管实验结果证实了文中提出的血管弹性显微图像重构方法的合理性,并抑制了应变成象中的噪声,将血管力学在体实验研究推进到二维或多维亚毫米微结构层次,对血管力学基础研究和PTCA过程监控与疗效评价具有重要价值。     

A new design method for asymmetrical head gradient coils used for superconducting MRI scanner

A novel approach of asymmetrical gradient coil design for head imaging in MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is presented in this paper. The design is based on a modified target field method in which the stream function is introduced to replace Blaine's scheme for the length control. The transverse head coil calculated by this method has a high performance. The coil efficiency is 0.41 mT/m/A and the inductance is 512 μH. The coil has an inner diameter of 32 cm and a length of 45.8 cm. The size of the ROU (region of uniformity) is 20 cm along the transverse direction and 17 cm along the axial direction and it is close to one end of the coil. The ROU of the coil matches the ROI (region of interest) of human head very well. Compared with previous designs, our design has relatively high performance and the overlap between the ROU and the ROI is larger (the overlap percent is 95 % ).     

基于稀疏采样的调频率估计与多目标ISAR成像

针对目前多目标成像中关于信号调频斜率估计的算法存在着采样频率过大,以及短时条件下精度不高的问题,结合压缩感知理论,提出了一种基于稀疏采样的回波信号调频率估计与多目标ISAR成像方法。首先,根据目标回波信号的特点构造超完备稀疏基,将信号投影到该稀疏基上,利用高斯随机矩阵对分解后的信号进行欠采样,采用FOCUSS稀疏重构算法,精确提取出信号的调频斜率;然后,利用估计出的调频斜率对多目标回波信号中各个目标的回波分量进行分离和补偿;最后,基于稀疏采样对各个单目标分别进行成像。仿真实验验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

逆合成孔径成像激光雷达系统设计

微波波段逆合成孔径雷达的成像分辨率受到发射信号带宽的限制,在对远距离目标、微小目标成像或提取目标精细微动特征时已不能提供足够高的距离分辨率.为解决这一问题,提出一种新体制雷达--逆合成孔径成像激光雷达,将逆合成孔径技术应用于激光波段,利用激光信号的极大带宽和极短波长实现对运动目标的超高分辨实时成像.分析了逆合成孔径成像激光雷达的高分辨原理,并结合激光信号和运动目标的特点,给出了雷达系统的初步设计方案.仿真实验证明:与利用微波信号成像的逆合成孔径雷达相比,逆合成孔径成像激光雷达能够实现对运动目标更快速、更高分辨的成像.     

同步扫描水下激光成像系统主要参数的分析

利用光束扩展函数和点扩展函数,计算了在一般海水介质中,同步扫描水下激光成像系统,成像距离和成像质量与目标距离、接收视场角、光斑的大小和光功率等参数之间的数量关系。结果表明,压缩激光束和采用窄视场接收能有效地提高成像距离和改善成像质量,适当增大激光光功率也能使得成像距离和成像质量有所提高,但当光功率增加到一定值后,性能改善不明显。     

Full-angle optical imaging of near-infrared fluorescent probes implanted in small animals

To provide a valuable experimental platform for in vivo biomedical research of small animal model with fluorescence mediated approach, we developed a whole-body near-infrared fluorescence molecular imaging system as described in this paper. This system is based on a sensitive CCD camera and has the ability to achieve 360~ full-angle source illuminations and projections capture of the targets to obtain the dense sampling by performing rotational scan. The measurement accuracy is validated from cylinder phantom experiments by the comparison between the experimental data and theoretical predictions. Finally, we also present typical in vivo images of fluorescent tube implanted into the mouse body. The results are promising and have proved the system imaging performance for macroscopic optical biomedical research.     

Magnetic rotation imaging method to measure the geomagnetic field

A new imaging method for measuring the geomagnetic field based on the magnetic rotation effect is put forward. With the help of polarization property of the sunlight reflected from the ground and the magnetic rotation of the atmosphere, the geomagnetic field can be measured by an optical system installed on a satellite. According to its principle, the three-dimensional image of the geomagnetic field can be obtained. The measuring speed of this method is very high, and there is no blind spot and distortion. In this paper, the principle of this method is presented, and some key problems are discussed.     

Full-angle optical imaging of near-infrared fluorescent probes implanted in small animals

To provide a valuable experimental platform for in vivo biomedical research of small animal model with fluorescence mediated approach, we developed a whole-body near-infrared fluorescence molecular imaging system as described in this paper. This system is based on a sensitive CCD camera and has ability to achieve 360 degree full-angle source illuminations and projections capture of the targets to obtain the dense sampling by performing rotational scan. The measurement accuracy is validated from cylinder phantom experiments by the comparison between the experimental data and theoretical predictions. Finally, we also present typical in vivo images of fluorescent tube implanted into the mouse body. The results are promising and have proved the system imaging performance for macroscopic optical biomedical research.