用NBS烟箱研究金属化合物在软PVC中的消烟作用

基于国内现有的原料和设备条件，通过ＮＢＳ烟箱测试的有关参数对软质ＰＶＣ体系中的几种金属化合物填料的抑烟、阻燃效果进行了较为的分析和研究，结果表明：ＡＴＨ的加入使得烟密度和生烟速率显降低，而且有效地推迟了发烟时间，ＣａＣＯ３不利于阻燃，但利于降烟，发因时间也得到一定程度的推迟，各种金属化合物对软ＰＶＣ体系的氧指数影响不大，对烟密度的影响差异很大，其中铜化物显出特别的优势，填料与金属化合物配合作用，     

液体火箭发动机燃烧室液膜冷却数值研究

对液体火箭发动机燃烧室中的液膜冷却进行了数值模拟．采用有限容积法对燃气和液膜控制方程同时进行求解，对燃气和液膜分别采用标准k-ε模型和修正的Van Driest模型描述其湍流流动．燃气的辐射传热采用热流模型计算，同时对液膜干涸点下游的流动与传热进行了模拟．详细研究了气液界面上质量、动量和热量的传输特性，发现当壁面绝热时，燃气对流传热和液膜蒸发所吸收的汽化潜热在界面热量传递中起主导作用，但燃气的辐射传热和液膜显热不能被忽略．同时，分析了各种因素对液膜长度的影响，计算结果与实验符合良好，对工程实践有指导意义．     

两种喷管气流反推装置建模与发射性能对比分析

针对单药室喷管气流反推装置减后坐效率低、弹丸速度衰减严重的问题,提出双药室喷管气流反推减后坐技术.建立包含膛内和喷管内部气流参数的大口径武器内弹道及后效期的数学模型.对喷管武器进行试验,验证文中建立的包含喷管气流问题的内弹道及后效期数学模型的正确性.对比分析采用两种减后坐装置武器的弹丸初速、喷管减后坐效率、自动机运动特征量、后坐力等发射性能参数.结果表明:采用双药室喷管气流反推减后坐技术的武器,在保证弹丸初速几乎不变的前提下可以显著提升武器减后坐效能、大幅降低武器后坐力.      

混响室条件下临界辐射干扰场强测试的影响因素分析

为了对前期提出的混响室条件下临界辐射干扰场强测试方法进行规范和完善,分析了影响测试结果准确性的因素,得到了不同条件下测试误差的变化情况.发现被测设备的电尺寸是影响该方法适用范围的主要因素,通过试验研究了电尺寸减小对测试结果的影响.结果表明,当被测设备电尺寸较大时,通过合理选择测试参数,可以将测试误差控制在3 dB以内;当被测设备电尺寸较小时,该方法的不确定度会增加,误差可能会大于3 dB.因此,该方法更加适用于电大尺寸设备的临界辐射干扰场强测试.      

Multi-dimensional scattering properties diagnosis system of scale aircraft model in an anechoic chamber

Aiming at the concept of ＂diagnosis＂, a simple and effective broadband radar cross section （RCS） measurement system is constructed, and some multi-dimensional scattering properties diagnosis techniques are presented based on the system. Firstly, a stepped-frequency signal is employed to achieve high range resolution, combining with a variety of signal processing tech- niques. Secondly, cross-range resolution is gained with a rotating table, and the high-resolution two-dimensional （2-D） imaging of the scale model is obtained by the microwave imaging theory. Finally, two receiving antennas with a small distance in altitude are used, and the three-dimensional （3-D） height distribution of scattering points on the scale model is extracted from the phase of images. Some typical bodies and a scale aircraft model are diagnosed in an anechoic chamber. The experimental results show that, after scaling with a metal sphere, the accurate one- dimensional （l-D） RCS pattern of the model is obtained, and it has a large dynamic range. When the bandwidth of the transmitting signal is 4 GHz, the resolution of the 2-D image can reach to 0.037 5 m. The 3-D height distribution of scattering points is given by interferometric measurement. This paper provides a feasible way to obtain high-precision scattering properties parameters of the scale aircraft model in a conventional rectangular anechoic chamber.     

Reverberation nulling and echo enhancement at low frequency using waveguide invariance

Based on the fact that the transfer function vector between a source receiver array and the dominant scatterer of boundary reverberation at a range can be obtained from the corresponding reverberations scattered from this range cell, a reverberation nulling concept using time reversal processing has been proposed. However, current reverberation nulling methods have certain limitations when applied into practice, which would null boundary reverberation and target echo simultaneously. As a solution, a passive reverberation nulling and echo enhancement method at low frequency using waveguide invariance is proposed in this paper. In this method, the reverberation subspace for the target range cell is not obtained directly from the return signals scattered by the target range cell but from the return signals scattered by a range cell located before the target using waveguide invariance, so as to suppress the reverberation embodied in the target echo by passive reverberation nulling. Besides, a range-dependent optimal weighting vector rather than conventional projector matrix is deduced to null the reverberation component meanwhile maximizing the target echo, thereby enhancing the echo-to-reverberation ratio furthest. Numerical simulations in typical range-independent shallow water environment demonstrate the efficacy and the improved performance of the proposed method for echo-to-reverberation enhancement.     

大型环境舱单舱检测被动式空气净化产品

针对我国被动式空气净化产品净化效果测试方法标准在实际应用方面的弊端,研究采用具有自主知识产权的国产14 m3大型环境舱对纳米光催化涂料进行了单舱净化效果测试.测试方法依据QB/T 2761-2006,测试时长8 h,测试内容包括环境舱背景值、1 mL甲醛在舱内的自然衰减、紫外光降解以及纳米材料降解四部分内容.测试结果表明:与舱内甲醛自然衰减以及紫外光降解作比较,所试纳米光催化涂料对甲醛降解效果显著,甲醛的去除率最高可达67.7%.实验通过舱内换气、舱内表面清洁以及设置重复实验等方式实现了净化产品净化效果的单舱测试;同时建议相关标准补充短时净化效果测试,谨防测试结论有失偏颇.     

条形不耦合平面布药技术在硐室爆破中的应用

为了研究条形药包硐室爆破在复杂环境下的应用问题,首先分析了条形药包的作用机理,根据已有硐室爆破平面药包布设的半理论丰经验公式,建立了条形药包平面布设数学模型。并通过工程实例将条形药包布设理论运用于平面布药实践,缩短了平面布设条形药包的设计周期。研究表明,在山体爆破中采用条形不耦合平面布药技术能显著提高有效松动率,降低大块率,减少二次爆破量。同时也减小了爆破振动对周边环境的破坏影响。     

浅谈卧泥井的设置

结合工程实践，介绍了卧泥井的构造、特点及作用，探讨了设置卧泥井存在的问题及对策，提出了卧泥井设置的注意事项．     

应用放射性同位素示踪法研究喀斯特地区地下水

本文论述了放射性同位素示踪测井方法及单井同位素地下水流向流速仪的构造、原理及特点:~(131)I作示踪剂,用LID和IC作接收器.采用萤光照相定方位。流向误差<±10~0,测深500m.文中着重介绍了该方法在喀斯特地区地下水均衡试验场中的应用实例.通过流场动态参数测定,正确划分了试验场地下水边界、补给关系.采用这种新的水文地质手段,可提高水文物探效率,为该试验区节约打井费用40-50万元.