基于降维观测器与多胞体方法的执行器故障检测

针对具有执行器故障且状态方程和输出方程同时受到外部扰动影响的离散系统,研究了降维观测器设计方法和基于多胞体理论的区间估计方法,并在此基础上提出了基于区间估计的执行器故障检测方法。首先,通过适当的状态等价变换,将原系统分解成2个降维子系统,使得一个子系统可以直接解耦干扰。然后,在无执行器故障发生的前提下,基于对干扰解耦的子系统,提出了一种降维观测器设计方法,实现了原系统状态的渐近收敛估计。其次,针对具有干扰的子系统,设计了Luenberger型观测器,并结合多胞体理论,提出了一种对可测输出的区间估计方法。之后,基于可测输出的区间估计,提出了一种残差的构造方法,以此提出了一种执行器故障检测新方法。最后,给出了仿真设计和分析,验证了方法的有效性。     

相似路径台风风暴潮过程对比

基于MIKE 21模型和Holland台风风场模型,构建了1909号利奇马和0509号麦莎2次相似路径台风期间的风场和气压场,并模拟了相应的风暴潮过程。结果表明：台风中心附近增水变化显著,浙江东北部海域在台风登陆期间的增水更大;受台风强度影响,台风利奇马期间增水高值区更大,部分海域2次台风期间最大增水差值接近1.0 m;潮致欧拉余流速度较大值主要分布在100 m水深以浅的海域,量值超过20 cm/s,江苏沿海、台湾东北部海域存在欧拉余环流;台风利奇马期间近海斯托克斯余流值普遍小于麦莎期间;斯托克斯余流项对台风期间长江口、浙闽等近海浅水区短期物质输运过程起一定主导作用。用EMD方法和Hillbert变换分析了典型站点风暴潮位的特征,发现站点IMF1模态和天文潮位较吻合;水深和IMF3模态的最大功率谱密度呈现出较高的相关性,并且随着水深的增加,IMF3模态的最大功率谱密度逐步变大。     

基于残差卷积自注意力神经网络的铝电解过热度识别方法

过热度是反映铝电解槽当前生产效率的重要指标,由于过热度难以在线实时测量,本文提出一种基于残差卷积自注意力神经网络的过热度识别方法.针对铝电解生产过程数据为时间序列数据且具有多源异构特性,设计异构数据的同构表示方法.在此基础上建立残差卷积自注意力神经网络模型以提取同构时间序列数据的全局与局部特征.针对过热度数据标签少且类别分布不均匀问题,采用基于自动编码器的无监督预训练方法与加权交叉熵损失函数以提高过热度识别任务的性能.在基准数据集上进行仿真对比实验以验证本文所提方法的有效性,然后在只包含少量不平衡标签的铝电解过热度数据集上进行实验验证,结果表明本文构建的过热度识别模型相较与其他现有模型不仅提高了过热度识别准确率,而且在训练样本较少时保证了模型的泛化能力.     

Metabolism of 3β-hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid in hamsters

Summary Metabolism of 26-hydroxycholesterol to 3-hydroxychol-5-en-24-oic acid and other C24-bile acids has been expected to occur by way of 3-hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid in studies in vitro. 3-Hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid was infused intravenously into bile fistula hamsters and the following C24-bile acids were identified: 3-hydroxychol-5-en-24-oic acid, lithocholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and a small amount of cholic acid.     

Bovine microvascular endothelial cells of separate morphology differ in growth and response to the action of interferon-γ

Five cell types recently isolated from the bovine corpus luteum differed in their epithelioid morphology and their cytoskeleton, but shared common criteria of microvascular endothelial cells^1,2. To give strong evidence for the separate entity, the growth rate of the 5 phenotypically different cells was studied. They were seeded at low density on day 0. Most of these cells were treated with 200 to 1000 U recombinant bovine interferon- (IFN-) for 3 days. The untreated remainder served as controls. Cell counts were made for all cultures on days 4, 7, 10 and 13. morphology: 13 d after treatment with IFN- senescent cells as well as intact cells occurred in cultures of cell types 1 to 4. Cultures of cell type 5 were apparently unchanged and resembled their untreated counterparts. Desminpositive cells in cultures of cell type 2 developed cell processes. Growth rate: In the absence of IFN-, the growth rate was high for cell types 3 and 4, moderate for cell type 1, and low for cell types 2 and 5. The presence of IFN- caused anti-proliferative effects. These were higher for cell types 3 and 4 than for cell types 1 and 2. IFN- could be cytotoxic on cell type 3. In contrast, the cytokine tended to support the cell growth of cell type 5. These findings substantiate the postulate that endothelial cells exhibiting separate morphology in culture also function differently.     

轧制带材的瓢曲生成路径

通过建立冷轧带材屈曲失稳后的大位移变形模型,计算出复杂模态的瓢曲浪形生成路径,它包含着实际可能出现的各种附加应力和位移约束条件．实验证明这是可行的板形控制目标理论,解决了高技术轧机的板形设定问题．     

Energy flow and community structure in freshwater ecosystems

The goal of this article is twofold: 1) It aims at providing an overview on some major results obtained from energy flow studies in individuals, populations, and communities, and 2) it will also focus on major mechanisms explaining community structures. The basis for any biological community to survive and establish a certain population density is on the one hand energy fixation by primary producers together with adequate nutrient supply and the transfer of energy between trophic levels (bottom-up effect). On the other hand, predator pressures may strongly control prey population densities one or more trophic levels below (top-down effect). Other interpopulation effects include competition, chemical interactions and evolutionary genetic processes, which further interact and result in the specific structuring of any community with respect to species composition and population sizes.     

ZrO2-ZiCrAl系功能梯度热障涂层界面残余热应力研究

研究用等离子喷涂方法制备Ｚｒｏ２－ＮｉＣｒＡｌ系功能梯度热障涂层的不同梯度过渡层之间,以及与基体之间界面的残余热应力和功能梯度热障涂层厚度、组分对残余热应力的影响．方法来用热弹性有限元方法．结果所设计的功能梯度热障涂层的界面残余热应力得到有效缓和．结论对于所要保护的基体,可用有限元数值分析结果选择适当的功能梯度材料体系．     

商标图象库检索的多层次结构方法

基于商标图象库应用背景和具体特征,提出一种商标图象检索的多层次方法．图象预处理阶段采用人机交互方式下３种半自动方法提取商标图象各区域对象．检索首先采用字符串匹配方法和传统数据库查询技术,动态减少图象搜索范围;在图象区域规格化下,相继用最小约束矩和基于Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ距离的相似性函数度量商标相似性程度,具有平移、旋转和尺度变换下的不变性和一定的抗噪声能力．实验结果表明,该方法有效和实用．     

水分在季节性冻土中的运动

季节性冻土是一种冰水共存的特殊土水体系,在分析冻土中水分运动的驱动力及其影响因素,冻土介质的物理特性（热特性和水力特性）及其参数测定方法的基础上,综述了水分在冻土中运动的基本规律及定量研究水分运动的试验与数值模拟方法。