沙棘木蠹蛾在全球的分布区预测(简报)

沙棘木蠹蛾(Holcocerus hippophaecolus)属鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)木蠹蛾科(Cossidae)线角木蠹蛾属(Holcocerus)[1],主要为害沙棘的根干部。在辽宁、内蒙古、陕西、山西等省区大面积发生,致使沙棘原料锐减,很多工厂被迫停产,给当地的林业生产造成严重的损失。笔者在辽宁省建平县调查发现,沙棘木蠹蛾除为害沙棘外,还可寄生梨树和苹果树,是我国“三北”地区本地害虫。由于从20世纪70年代末大规模引种沙棘,导致沙棘木蠹蛾暴发成灾,被认为是本地害虫危害引进树种的一个典型例子[2]。近些年来,随着我国对外沙棘援助项目的实施,特别是针对非洲沙棘…     

广西猫儿山叶蜂昆虫区系及地理分布

对广西猫儿山进行叶蜂区系调查,鉴定整理出叶蜂昆虫134种,隶属3科63属.昆虫区系主要起源于东洋区,东洋种占总种数的65.67%.猫儿山叶蜂共计15种分布型,其中华中特有种所占比重最大,达58.96%.广西猫儿山与湖南有90个共有种,与四川有43种,与河南有39种;与云南(24种共有)的关系也比较密切,与西藏几乎没有什么联系.     

基于正态分布区间数的概率测度及多属性决策

针对决策中采用均匀分布区间数描述模糊评价值的局限性,提出了应用正态分布区间数进行多属性决策的方法。分析了模糊数的可能性测度,通过概率分布特征量生成正态分布区间数,给出了基于正态分布区间数与一般模糊区间数的互换关系。由正态分布特性确定了正态分布区间数两个模糊算子,采用简化方法对模糊综合评判向量进行模糊集结。采用模糊随机仿真方法生成综合评估值,对统计结果采用模糊均值和方差的排序方法进行决策。实例计算表明了两种方法的有效性。     

极值理论(EVT)方法用于受险价值(VaR)计算的实证比较与分析

讨论了根据极值理论 ( EVT)计算受险价值 ( Va R)的两类不同的方法 :基于矩估计的“两次子样试算法”和极大似然估计法 ,并给出了各自理论推导过程和计算步骤 .同时 ,把这两类方法与正态分布和经验分布的结果进行了比较 .应用四种汇率历史数据进行的实证计算表明 ,在极端条件下 ,用极值理论方法估计 Va R具有很高的准确性 ,而矩估计法的结果又优于极大似然估计法 .     

基于模糊信息分配方法的综采工艺选择模型

提出定性指标的一种信息分配函数确定方法 ,拓宽了模糊信息分配理论的应用范围 .实例分析表明该方法能有效处理定性与定量指标共存的复杂建模问题 ,具有较高的识别精度.     

模糊推理在系统预测中的应用

将模糊推理应用于系统预测,使用正态分布原理对变量进行区分,并用模糊聚类中的相关系数法选择特征因子,建立了模糊推理预测模型。并将其应用于能源消费量的预测。     

数据库中布尔型及广义模糊型加权关联规则的挖掘

数据挖掘主要是用来找出隐藏在数据库当中那些有用的而未被发现的知识本文我们引入布尔型加权关联规则和广义模糊型加权关联规则的概念,并分别给出挖掘这些规则的计算方法.     

The Queue Length Distribution for M/G/1 Queue with Delay Single Server Vacation

1　IntroductionDuringrecentseveraldecadesmanyauthorsstudiedM/G/1queueswithdifferentservervacationregimes(seeRefs.[1～6]).Theynotonlystudiedthestochasticdecompositionpropertiesofthequeuelengthandwaitingtimewhenthesystemisinequilibrium,butalsostudiedthetransientandequilibriumdistributionsofthequeuelength.InRef.[6]theau-thorsstudiedM/G/1queuewithdelaymultipleservervacationsinwhichtheserverhasthreestates:vacation-preparation,vacationandbusyperiod.InthispaperwefirstdiscusstheM/G/1queuewithdelay…     

Terrestrial isopods and myriapods in a forested scree slope: subterranean biodiversity,depth gradient and annual dynamics

Diversity, depth distribution and seasonal activity of isopods and myriapods were studied using subterranean traps buried in a forested limestone scree slope in the ?ierna Hora Mts, Western Carpathians, Slovakia, throughout the depth gradient from 5 to 95 cm. A total of five isopod, 13 diplopod and 11 chilopod species were identified. Most edaphic species strongly preferred the uppermost organic soil layers. Among the species captured, some represented rare stenoecous Carpathian endemics, namely the isopod Trichoniscus carpaticus, and diplopods Julus curvicornis and Leptoiulus mariae. Others were subterranean forms, partly adapted to hypogean conditions: the isopod Mesoniscus graniger, and diplopods Mecogonopodium carpathicum and Trachysphaera costata. The annual activity in the vast majority of the species ceased completely in winter, and was gradually relaunched in spring. In evaluating the age structure of two predominant diplopods Polydesmus denticulatus and Mecogonopodium carpathicum, both widespread across the depth gradient, a vertical segregation of early post-embryonic stages was found. While P. denticulatus tended to undergo the early stages of development in the soil-filled topmost levels, the early juvenile stage of M. carpathicum was distributed deep in the scree slope profile.     

Overview of bat species reported in Albania with the first country records for eight species

The bat fauna of Albania, a country located in a Balkan glacial refugium and a Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot, has remained poorly studied although as many as 21 species and representatives of three species complexes had been reported before 2003. It was expected that several new species would be added to the country’s list of fauna, not only due to their occurrence in adjacent regions but to the splitting of already known taxa into sibling species and the discovery of new, cryptic species. Altogether, we recorded 32 bat species in Albania, including all of those previously reported (21) and 11 new species for the country, as a result of field work conducted in 2003–2012. Here, we report on eight bat species including Rhinolophus mehelyi, Nyctalus lasiopterus, Plecotus kolombatovici, Barbastella barbastellus, Myotis brandtii that had not been reported previously in Albania while three species (Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Plecotus austriacus, Myotis mystacinus) had been reported before changes to their taxonomy and so could be treated only as representatives of a particular species complex (i.e. sensu lato). We greatly extended the known geographic ranges of five species in the south of Europe.