The in vivo expression of the globin genes of theβ cistron in γ-,δ-, andδβ-thalassemia heterozygotes

There is considerable evidence suggesting that the switch from to and chain production after birth is due, in part, to silencing of the genes by stage-specific factors which bind to their promoters and to the competition from the adult ( and ) genes for a common enhancer element located in the locus control region. As a consequence one can expect that the increased Hb F production in adults with hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin or -thalassemia is directed mainly by -globin genes in cis to the deletion(s) responsible for these conditions. Here we review data on heterozygotes with -, -, or -thalassemia, who also had an^AT mutation, in cis or in trans, which was used as a marker of gene expression. The results show that a deletion affecting adult genes favors the expression of genes in cis, while the deletion of a single gene does not affect the expression of the gene in cis but leads to a faster switch postnatally.     

Critical slope gradient for compulsory abandonment of farmland on the hilly Loess Plateau

Scientific evidence for the upper limit of farmland is proposed. Shallow gully erosion is one of erosion types distributed extensively on sloping farmland in the hilly regions of the Loess Plateau. Field observation and aerial photos interpretation, as well as laboratory experiments show that the shallow gully erosion occurring on the steeper farmland in the hilly regions of the Loess Plateau is an important factor leading to intensive erosion on slope, because of its extensive distribution and intensive runoff collection. The data on the formation, development and distribution of shallow gullies on sloping farmland indicate that critical slope gradient for shallow gully initiation ranges from 15 to 20 degrees with an average of 18.2 degrees. Therefore, it is suggested that critical slope gradient for compulsory abandonment of farmland on the hilly Loess Plateau should be kept within the critical slope gradient for shallow gully initiation to prevent shallow gully formation in order to control soil loss more effectively. But as the first step, the cultivation on the slopes with slope larger than 25 degrees where the maximum erosion occurs should be strictly forbidden.     

保守系统的混沌同步

发现保守系统相空间中的一个轨道囚禁区．用闭环控制方法将系统引入囚禁区并在其内实现了同步．     

关于运城地区发展经济林的反思

优越的农业自然条件使运城地区成为山西省重要的粮棉生产基地。但近年来经济林的迅速发展使果树栽植面积几乎占到耕地总面积的1／4。尽管平原地区广种经济林具有一定的经济效益与环境效益,但它却违背了合理利用土地的原则,若不及早采取有力措施加以控制,我国将会潜伏粮食危机,种植业的可持续发展将会受到严重影响。     

AlGaAs／GaAs HBT基区电流的研究

在ALGaAs/GaAs HBT E-M模型直流参数的研究基础上,对HBT的基区电流进行了研究,特别是针对BE结空间电荷区的复合电流和基区表面复合电流,因为在HBT的小偏置情况下,HBT的BE结空间电荷区的复合电流和基区表面复合电流在整个基区电流中占有主导地位。当BE结间外加电压为0.5-1.2V时,ALGaAs HBT的基区电流的计算机模拟值和测试值比较接近,这一研究结果有助于进一步了解HBT的直流特性和1/?噪声特性。     

New evidence for the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau as a pilot region of climatic fluctuation in China

Over 40 a observed temperature data in 172 stations in China and historical proxy data were analyzed. Evidence suggested that during 1980–1994, the warmest year appeared first in southeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau (henceforth SETP) and then gradually spread northwards and eastwards to eastern China. The climatic change on century time scale in recent 600 a shows 3 relatively warm and clod stages in China. Each warm and cold stage appeared first in Tibet Plateau (henceforth TP) and then in the Qilian Mountains, then in the eastern parts of China. The warm and cold stages in TP were 10–60 a earlier than in the eastern China. The facts show that TP is a pilot region of climatic fluctuation in China on the time scale shorter than 10³a.     

关于对流方程的一类三层显格式

本文对对流方程ut＝aux建立了中间层包含两个节点,带两个参变量m,k的一般三层显格式．当m,k满足一定关系时,上述格式变为二阶格式．稳定性分析表明,当参数k＜1／2时,格式的稳定条件为网格比的绝对值不超过1,这一点区别于色散方程的类似情况．     

奇异值估计的Brauer型定理

设Ａ＝（ａｉｊ）为ｎ阶复矩阵．记ｓｉ＝ｍａｘ∑ｊ≠ｉ｜ａｉｊ｜,∑ｊ≠ｉ｜ａｊｉ｜｛｝,ａｉ＝｜ａｉ｜（ｉ＝１,２,…,ｎ）．证明了Ａ的奇异值均属于Ｂｒａｕｅｒ型并集∪ｉ≠ｊｚ≥０：｜ｚ－ａｉ｜｜ｚ－ａｊ｜≤ｓｉｓｊ｛｝,并给出了该并集的显式表达及数值例子．     

梅花山自然保护区特征分析

梅花山自然保护区的基本特征可概括为自然景观的过渡性,自然植被的次生性和生态环境的垂直地带性。     

三峡库区开发性移民途径的探讨——以开县为例

三峡库区移民途径如何具体化,本文针对开县及淹没区社会经济状况、劳动力特征、就业特点等,探讨了开发性移民中存在的问题及解决的途径,揭示了开发性移民在产业上的特点．