大鲵输卵管组织学结构观察

运用光学显微镜观察了大鲵雌性输卵管组织学结构的特点.输卵管是前端细后端粗的长而且弯曲的管状结构,长度约为体长的1.5~3倍.管壁从内到外分别由粘膜层、粘膜下层、浆膜下层和浆膜层4部分组成.不同区段输卵管在组织学结构上存在有差异,比较观察认为,不同区段输卵管的结构是与其功能相适应的.     

草本植物生殖分株的数量特征和生殖分配的时空动态研究进展

植物种群的更新和种群中植物个体生活史的完成依赖于生殖过程．本文就目前有关草本植物生殖分株的数量特征和生殖分配的研究报道，作了较为系统的总结和评述，内容主要包括生殖生长量、种子生产、生殖分配，旨在揭示草本植物生殖分株的生长和生殖对策，为植物有性生殖的进一步研究奠定基础．     

厦门白鹭自然保护区的白鹭繁殖行为和繁殖力研究

2 0 0 1年 3月至 7月对厦门白鹭自然保护区鸡屿岛的白鹭 (Egrettagarzetta)繁殖行为和繁殖力进行了研究 .白鹭集群、择巢、筑巢于 2月中旬至 3月中旬 ,3月底部分亲鸟开始产卵和孵化 ,4月中旬雏鸟开始出壳 .白鹭窝卵数为 4.43± 0 .6 8(SD)枚 ,孵化期为 2 3.2± 1.4d ,孵化率为 88.5 0 % ,窝雏数为 3.8± 0 .8只 ,育雏期 2 8～ 35d ,雏鸟成活率为 87.7% .每年每只白鹭的繁殖力为 1.96只雏鸟 ,每巢成功繁殖 3.37只雏鸟 .鸡屿岛白鹭繁殖前期的种群数量为 5 0 32只 ,繁殖结束时亲鸟和成活雏鸟数量共 135 0 6只 .本文分析影响白鹭繁殖的主要因素 ,并提出白鹭繁殖期的管理和保护措施     

变色沙蜥繁殖的研究

作者通过研究证明变色沙蜥Ｐｈｒｙｎｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓ ｖｅｒｓｉｃｏｌｏｒ的繁殖活动具有明显的季节性。雄晰性成熟时最小吻－肛长为４５ｍｍ，吻－肛长大的雄晰在一年中成熟精子出现早且维持时间长。雌蜥性成熟时的最小吻－肛长为４１ｍｍ，产卵期为５月末至７月末，每只雌性成蜥每年产卵一次，吻－肛长大的雌蜥产卵多而大且比吻－肛长小的雌晰产卵早。     

Evolution and ecological correlates of uniparental reproduction in freshwater snails

We review the spatial and temporal correlates of uniparental reproduction in freshwater snails as they pertain to the ecological hypotheses for the maintenance of biparental sex. The biogeographic evidence from two species (Potamopyrgus antipodarum andBulinus truncatus) presently supports the Red Queen hypothesis that biparental reproduction is selected as a way to reduce the risk to progeny of parasite attack. Uniparental reproduction in these species is associated with low levels of infection by parasites (castrating digenetic trematodes), suggesting that parthenogenesis or self-fertilization can replace cross-fertilization when the risk of infection is low. In addition, inB. truncatus, the opportunity for cross-fertilization coincides with the season in which parasite attack is highest. In a third species (Campeloma decisum), parthenogenetic reproduction is correlated with latitude and the presence of a non-castrating trematode that may prevent cross-fertilization; these patterns suggest that parthenogenesis has been selected as a mechanism to assure reproduction. Finally, we discuss the spotty taxonomic distribution of parthenogenetic species.     

非线性再生散度模型的广义变离差检验

研究了非线性再生散度模型的广义变离差检验,对于一类常见的正则散度分布族,解决了离差参数的齐性检验问题,得到了检验的似然比统计量和score统计量,并证明了score统计量的渐近χ2性.本文研究的非线性再生散度模型包括了许多常见的统计模型,诸如正态线性和非线性回归模型、广义线性模型和广义非线性模型等;同时,本文结果也适用于某些更复杂的分布,诸如基于极值分布、单纯形分布的非线性模型等.因此本文的结果进一步推广和发展了文献中已有的工作.     

The reproductive ecology of Leptodactylus fuscus (Anura,Leptodactylidae): new data from natural temporary ponds in the Brazilian Cerrado and a review throughout its distribution

Recent studies indicate that populations historically called Leptodactylus fuscus (Schneider, 1799) comprise at least three well‐differentiated lineages. Herein, we describe the reproductive ecology of a southeastern clade population of L. fuscus, and review the characters of the reproductive ecology for several populations of the northern and southeastern clades. Most reproductive activity occurred in December and January, which coincided with the highest rainfall period. Males had an aggregated spatial distribution in the central area of the ponds. Three courtship interactions were observed. A female was observed closing the entrance to a burrow with moist sand after oviposition. This behaviour is described for the first time in L. fuscus. The review of the reproductive biology of the northern and southeastern clades indicates a relatively high plasticity in L. fuscus. Furthermore, the results corroborate the suggestion, based on molecular data, that the northern and southeastern clades of L. fuscus represent distinct evolutionary units.     

Reproductive behaviour of Physalaemus kroyeri (Anura: Leiuperidae) in the municipality of Jequié, state of Bahia

From August 2010 to April 2011 we surveyed two different areas, located in the municipality of Jequié, State of Bahia, to obtain information about the reproductive biology of Physalaemus kroyeri. Data on the spatial and temporal distribution of P. kroyeri were recorded. Physalaemus kroyeri may be classified as a prolonged breeder with a reproductive period linked to rainfall. The average number of eggs in the foam nest of P. kroyeri is one of the highest recorded for the genus. Our results are coincident with the known reproductive behaviour of congeneric species and may be viewed as reproductive adaptations to open and highly seasonal environments.     

试论有性生殖在生活史中的确切阶段

归纳分析了目前关于有性生殖概念含糊、理解不同的状况，提出了生殖阶段概念。认为有性生殖作为生活史中的一个生殖阶段，应指配子产生至结合这一阶段，并包括产生配子的减数分裂的有关过程。