单子叶植物基因工程的研究进展及新策略

综述了近年来单子叶植物基因转化的研究进展，同时分析了单子叶植物转化不敏感性的机理及现有转化系统的潜力，从而提出了“超毒　笔粒，促进细胞分裂同步性及感染功能细胞等几提高单子叶植物转化率的新方法。     

番木瓜环斑病毒复制酶基因的克隆和序列分析

用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术从ＰＲＶ－ＡＬ中分离到复制酶（ＲＰ）基因，将基因克隆进载体ｐＵＣ１８，用双脱氧链终止法测定了基因序列，表明其全长为１６０２ｂｐ，与国内外报道的ＨＡ５－１、ＹＫ和Ｓｍ的ＲＰ基因相比，同源性分别达８２．８０％，９５．０７％和９１．８３％．     

论我国烟草抗病毒基因工程

本文介绍了植物抗病毒基因工程的研究发展,对我国烟草工程研究现及发展前景作了论述。     

Semenogelin I: a coagulum forming, multifunctional seminal vesicle protein

Human seminal plasma spontaneously coagulates after ejaculation. The major component of this coagulum is semenogelin I, a 52-kDa protein expressed exclusively in the seminal vesicles. Recently, a sperm motility inhibitor has been found to be identical to semenogelin I, suggesting that it may also be a physiological sperm motility inhibitor. The protein is rapidly cleaved after ejaculation by the chymotrypsin-like prostatic protease prostate-specific antigen, resulting in liquefaction of the semen coagulum and the progressive release of motile spermatozoa. Some of the cleavage products of Sg I may also have various biological functions. While the semenogelin I protein is unique to human and higher primates, it has recently been shown to belong to a gene family having a similar gene structure but encoding widely differing proteins. The recently elucidated characteristics of the semenogelin I gene as well as the biochemical and functional properties of the encoded protein are reviewed, and an attempt is made to integrate the various findings into a model for semen coagulation, sperm immobilization and potential other functions. Received 21 October 1998; received after revision 15 December 1998; accepted 15 December 1998     

启动子对外源基因在转基因植物中表达的影响

将来自ｐＢＩ１２１质粒的ＣａＭＶ３５Ｓ启动子片段插入到ｐＢＩ１２１的ＣａＭＶ３５Ｓ启动子与ＧＵＳ基因之间，构建了串联的ＣａＭＶ３５Ｓ启动子载体ｐＬＢ３８．通过三亲交配，将ｐＢＩ１２１及ｐＬＢ３８分别转移到含ｐＧｖ３８５０的农杆菌中，成为适合本研究的双元载体。以叶圆盘转化法将外源基因转入烟草，获得了２种转基因植株。经ＤＮＡ分子杂交、ＮＰＴⅡ点分析、ＧＵＳ荧光定性及定量分析，证明外源基因已整合进烟草基因组并获得表达。ｐＬＢ３８的ＧＵＳ表达量为ｎＢｌ１２１的３～４倍，这表明启动子数目的不同会直接影响其启动基因的表达水平。     

分泌载体pPSA18的构建及地衣杆菌淀粉酶在枯草杆菌中的表达和分泌

本文报道利用枯草杆菌噬菌体Spol 的启动子Spac Ⅰ,合成的解淀粉芽胞杆菌信号序列及枯草杆菌质粒PUB 18重组,构建分泌型表达载体并将地衣芽胞杆菌α-淀粉酶基因(缺失启动子及信号序列)引入构建的载体,获得重组质粒pPSA 18.将此质粒转化枯草杆菌QB1130(amy~-)感受态细胞,在含5μg/ml 卡那霉素及1%可溶性淀粉的LB 平板上筛选Km~r 及淀粉酶阳性的转化子.从阳性转化子中提取质粒,经酶切分析后重新转化枯草杆菌QB1130,得到的转化子全部都能向胞外分泌淀粉酶,证明构建的载体能在枯草杆菌中表达和分泌外源基因产物.