Affinity Solvents for Intensified Organics Extraction： Development Challenges and Prospects

Introduction In contrast to inorganics and metals processing, most organics extraction processes use classical organic sol-vents that utilize physical interactions with the solutes of interest to achieve the desired separation[1]. Clear examples are the e…     

豇豆枯萎病病原分离鉴定

通过采集武汉市豇豆种植区豇豆枯萎病病株,经常规组织分离法分离纯化获得菌株JKW-1、JKW-2和JKW-3,并对3个菌株进行致病性测定、形态学及分子生物学鉴定.结果表明,3个菌株均为致病的镰刀菌,其中菌株JKW-1和JKW-2菌落色泽为紫红色,JKW-3菌落色泽为白色,均能产生大型分生孢子、小型分生孢子和厚垣孢子,但在菌落形态、产孢量、分生孢子大小等方面存在差异;对这3个菌株的核糖体RNA基因内转录间隔区(rDNA-ITS)进行了PCR扩增和序列测定,并在GenBank中进行Blast搜索和比对分析,根据rDNA-ITS序列分析结果结合豇豆病株症状和病菌的形态学特征,判定引起武汉市豇豆枯萎病的病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum Schl.).     

一类钴基化合物的分子场理论分析

根据两格点分子场理论，在考虑重稀土与钴的磁矩偏离反平行倾角的基础上，分析了钴基化合物RCo5(R=Y，Pr，Nd，Gd，Tb，Dy)的磁化与温度的关系，采用数值拟合的方法得到了描述3种磁作用的分子场系数n(CoCo)，n(RCo)和n(RR)，计算出了Tc，结果表明，RCo5中的磁作用主要由钴3d电子问的交换所决定。     

纳米铜杆拉伸变形的分子动力学模拟和有限变形表征

用分子动力学方法模拟纳米铜杆的拉伸过程，用有限变形列式表征纳米杆单向拉伸屈服前的应力和应变．结果表明：铜单晶纳米杆屈服前的最大弹性应变约为0．11；用有限变形应力、应变表征变形过程和材料性质与通常名义应力、应变表征相比有明显不同；纳米杆泊松比随应变增加而减弱，并从物理上解释了这一现象的原因。     

Interaction of aloe-emodin with human serum albumin

The presence of several high affinity binding sites on human serum albumin (HSA) makes it a possible target for many drugs. This study is designed to examine the effect of aloe-emodin on HSA by fluo-rescence, CD spectroscopy and molecular modeling. The results of fluorescence measurements sug-gested that the hydrophobic interaction was the predominant intermolecular force stabilizing the AE-HSA complex, which was in good agreement with the result of molecular modeling study. And the enthalpy change ΔH0 and the entropy change ΔS0 were calculated to be -7.041 kJ·mol-1 and 76.619 J·mol-1·K-1 according to the Van't Hoff equation. The alterations of protein secondary structure in the presence of AE in aqueous solution were quantitatively calculated from CD spectra, and the content of α-helices obviously increased.     

超高分子量聚乙烯冻胶纤维拉伸流变性能的研究

本文通过恒速拉伸测力仪探讨了超高分子量聚乙烯冻胶纤维的拉伸流变性质,发现它的表观拉伸粘度η_(?)与拉伸形变速率ε之间的关系曲线因温度和拉伸倍数λ的不同可分为三种类型。三种曲线均在ε=0.005s~(-1)左右发生了重大转折,说明ε=0.005s~(-1)处是聚乙烯冻胶纤维在拉伸时,大分子链缠结与解缠这对矛盾的关节点。不仅η_(?)与ε的关系曲线在此处发生重大转折,而且拉伸应力σ_(?)与ε的关系曲线也在此处出现极大值。实验还发现温度对η_(?)的影响可分为二个区。在低温区,拉伸粘流活化能E_(aⅡ)=20～50kJ/mol,对应于纤维内自由体积的收缩和无定形区的变形;在高温区,拉伸粘流活化能E_(aⅠ)=150～330kJ/mol,对应于大分子链的滑移和伸直链结晶的发展,E_(aⅠ)随拉伸倍数的上升而下降。二个温度区之间的转变温度T_D=117～123℃,它受ε和λ的影响而略有变化。λ较大时,T_D较小;ε较大时,T_D就偏向上限。     

Tunable water-based lubrication behavior of alkyl- and fluoroalkyl-silanes

In this paper,we report the tribological properties of self-assembled molecular(SAM) films of fluoroalkylsilanes and non-fluoroalkylsilanes,with different chain-lengths,adsorbed on Si substrate surfaces by covalent bonds.The SAM films were characterized using a universal ball-disk experimental tester in aqueous solutions.The substrate surface was examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and the SAM films adsorbed on the Si surfaces were inspected by contact angle measurements and XPS.Lubrication studies revealed that several kinds of fluoroalkylsilanes had similar friction coefficients;the small differences were attributed to the chain flexibility.In contrast,differences in the aqueous lubrication properties of SAM films of non-fluoroalkylsilanes were clearly identified.It is suggested that substitution with fluorine atoms and the surface affinities of fluoroalkylsilanes contributed to redistribution of surface changes,causing variations in lubrication behaviors.     

应用基团键贡献法计算烯烃的折光指数

:根据分子中基团的特性和连接性 ,发展了一种计算烯烃折光指数的新方法———基团键贡献法 ,该方法考虑分子中基团的特性 ,又考虑基团间的连接性 (化学键 ) ,同时具有基团贡献法和拓扑方法的特点。对 2 16种烯烃折光指数的计算结果表明 ,计算值与实验值的一致性令人满意 ,平均误差 0 .48%。     

分子动力学模拟α-Fe拉伸与疲劳裂纹扩展机理

采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了含(010)[001]和(0-11)[100]型中心裂纹的金属α-Fe分别在拉伸与疲劳载荷作用下裂纹扩展的微观机制.研究发现,在拉伸载荷作用下,(010)[001]型裂纹在钝化的基础上沿着{110}滑移面塑性扩展;(0-11)[100]型裂纹尖端位错沿(011)面发射,裂纹沿(110)表面脆性解理扩展.在循环载荷作用下,(010)[001]型裂纹尖端位错沿着{111}110滑移系扩展,裂纹在裂尖应力集中作用下,沿之字形快速扩展;(0-11)[100]型裂纹扩展方式与拉伸失效时基本一致,裂纹在(110)面内发生快速的脆性解理扩展.两种裂纹扩展过程中都有层错和位错的共同作用.研究表明,(110)表面的表面能最低,是α-Fe的最优解理面.     

N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-((4-氯苄基)氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)吡啶甲酰胺的合成及表征

趋化因子受体CCR5是HIV-1病毒进入人体细胞的主要辅助受体,CCR5拮抗剂可作为一种靶向制剂,以防治人类HIV-1感染.目前,非肽类小分子化合物CCR5拮抗剂的研究占据主导地位.以4-氯苄氯、5-溴水杨醛为原料,通过消去、还原及溴化合成了4-溴-2-溴甲基-1-((4-溴苄基)氧)苯(中间体3),以哌啶-4-酮合成了N-烯丙基-N-(4-哌啶基)吡啶甲酰胺(中间体7),通过中间体3和7合成了一种有望用作CCR5拮抗剂的非肽类小分子化合物N-烯丙基-N-(1-(5-溴-2-((4-氯苄基)氧基)苄基)-4-哌啶基)吡啶甲酰胺,该产物有一定的生物活性,并对该产物进行了1H NMR、13C NMR、IR及MS表征.