红外焦平面探测器输出图像信噪比计算和分析

推导了红外焦平面探测器输出图像信噪比的一般计算公式 ,并针对红外焦平面探测器在地面面目标自动识别系统中的具体应用 ,计算了其在不同天气情况下的成像信噪比。由计算结果可知 :采用高性能的焦平面探测器后 ,红外成像的图像信噪比非常高 ,即使在较恶劣的天气 (大雾 )情况下也可获取质量较好的红外图像 ,满足自动目标识别系统图像处理的需求     

论我国民间器乐曲中常用的旋律发展手法

传统民族器乐中有着丰富而多样的旋律发展手法,长期以来形成了一套独特的规律,从目前所掌握的资料与音响中,总结分析了民族器乐中带有普遍意义的有关旋律发展技法,并将其归类为重复、联缀、循环、变奏、展衍五种技法.     

关于加强高校图书馆期刊工作的思考

论述了加强高校图书馆期刊工作的问题，包括期刊的合理选购，期刊的开发、利用与管理，以及期刊管理人员综合素质的培养。     

Using genetically-defined rodent strains for the identification of hippocampal traits relevant for two-way avoidance behavior: a non-invasive approach

Summary Genetically-defined rodent strains permit the identification of hippocampal traits which are of functional relevance for the performance of two-way avoidance behavior. This is exemplified here by analyzing the relationship between infrapyramidal mossy fibers (a tiny projection terminating upon the basal dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons) and two-way avoidance learning in about 800 animals. The necessary steps include 1) identification of structural traits sensitive to selective breeding for extremes in two-way avoidance, 2) testing the robustness of the associations found by studying individual and genetical correlations between hippocampal traits and behavior, 3) establishing causal relationships by Mendelian crossing of strains with extreme structural traits and studying the behavioral consequences of such structural randomization, 4) confirming causal relationships by manipulating the structural variable in inbred (isogenic) strains, thereby eliminating the possibility of genetic linkage, and 5) ruling out the possibility of spurious associations by studying the correlations between the hippocampal trait and other behaviors known to depend on hippocampal functioning.In comparison with the classical lesion approach for identifying relationships between brain and behavior, the present procedure appears to be superior in two aspects: it is non-invasive, and it focuses automatically on those brain traits which are used by natural selection to shape behaviorally-defined animal populations, i.e., it reveals the natural regulators of behavior.     

The role of repair in radiobiology

Summary Apart from cancer and mutation induction, radiobiological effects on mammals are mostly attributable to cell death, defined as loss of proliferative capacity. Survival curves relate retention of that capacity to radiation dose, and often manifest a quasi-threshold (shoulder). The shoulder is attributable to an initial mechanism of repair (Q-repair) which is gradually depleted as dose increases. Another form of repair, which is not depleted (P-repair), increases the dose required to deliver an average of one lethal event per cell (dose D₀). Neither form of repair can unambiguously be linked with repair of defects in isolated DNA. An important initial lesion may well be disruption of the complex structural relationship between the DNA, nuclear membrane and associated proteins. One form of P-repair may be restoration of that structural relationship.     

两地点8年生柏木生长性状家系变异及选择

【目的】揭示柏木生长性状的遗传变异规律,为高阶遗传改良筛选优良种质,选择优良家系,及其区域推广奠定基础。【方法】以营建在浙江省开化县林场(KH)和湖北省太子山林场(TZS)两个试验点的8年生柏木优树子代家系为材料,分析其生长性状的遗传变异,估算其育种值、遗传力等参数。【结果】柏木生长性状(树高、胸径和材积)的遗传变异系数为3.08%～13.93%,其中材积的变异最大。子代家系的树高、胸径和材积在地点间差异显著,TZS点的单株材积高于KH点315.79%,且家系与地点间的交互效应显著。胸径、树高和材积具有显著的家系效应,KH和TZS试验点的家系遗传力变幅分别为0.42～0.61和0.58～0.74。KH和TZS试验点分别以单株材积育种值大于CK的10%和45%为标准,各选出6个优良家系,现实增益分别为33.51%和67.95%。利用独立淘汰法,在KH点和TZS点各筛选优良单株17和12株,材积的遗传增益分别为41.38%和40.92%。【结论】8年生柏木优树子代家系生长性状具有较大的遗传改良潜力,但家系与环境的互作效应显著;通过子代家系的遗传评价有助于种子园建园亲本的再选择和现有种子园的...     

震区中小跨径桥梁墩柱配筋率取值范围

为研究配筋率对钢筋混凝土桥梁延性抗震性能的影响,并在不同设防烈度对主筋配筋率的合理取值进行细分。以钢筋混凝土桥梁为研究对象,通过拟静力模型试验与有限元数值分析的方法,研究竖向钢筋(主筋)配筋率对桥墩延性的影响,提出典型桥墩的多级性能水平量化指标;并探究在氯离子侵蚀的恶劣环境下,不同配筋率对桥梁抗震性能所带来的影响,从而对氯离子侵蚀环境下的震区中小跨径桥梁墩柱配筋率取值范围提供参考建议。结果表明：考虑氯离子侵蚀作用下的恢复力模型能够较好地反映刚度的退化特性,墩柱的最佳配筋率取值范围为1.11%～2.72%;当加速度为0.3g(g为重力加速度)时,仅从配筋率的角度已无法满足墩柱的损伤指标,建议采用减隔震体系进行抗震设计,如采用延性体系时配筋率不得小于2.64%。研究结果可为中小跨径连续桥梁抗震设计提供参考。     

城镇企业职工基本养老金调整方案测算研究

我国尚未针对城镇企业职工基本养老金的调整比例出台公式化的操作规则,给养老金调整政策的出台带来了压力。为此,本研究依据养老金调整目标和人口老龄化形势,设定养老金调整参数;借鉴国际经验,基于2005~2021年全国数据设计并测算3种基本养老金调整方案,从人口结构与经济发展角度衡量各方案;进而基于最优方案对我国2022~2050年间的养老金调整比例和养老金负担水平进行测算,根据测算结果,提出探索建立科学、合理的基本养老金调整机制的政策建议。     

西昌人工与自动酸雨观测记录差异规律研究

利用西昌国家基本气象站2021年人工和自动的酸雨观测数据,对TCYII 1型酸雨自动观测系统和人工系统的降水采样偏差及完整性、测量数据的准确性和一致性、设备硬件及软件通讯的故障率进行了对比分析。结果表明：正常情况下,2套系统数据的完整性、准确性、一致性较好。酸雨自动观测系统在采样方式及样品保存方面具备一定优势,能够保证观测数据更接近于自然雨水的数值,更贴近真实情况。自动观测系统面临单轨运行,它的手动操作设置、部分配件需厂家优化改进。上级主管部门对自动系统测量阈值的设定、采样中出现的漏采、空采、多采等特殊情况,仍需进一步明确处理办法。     

基于掺铕钨酸盐荧光强度比的非接触温度传感

为了突破传统测温技术应用的局限性,利用NaY （WO₄）₂：Eu³⁺玻璃陶瓷（glass ceramics,GC）实现了具有非接触、实时响应、自校准等优势的双模荧光强度比（luminescence intensity ratio,LIR）测温。采用高温熔融淬灭法制备出含NaY （WO₄）₂：Eu³⁺纳米晶的透明GC样品,并进行系列光谱测量和热敏性能分析。结果表明,样品中Eu³⁺的激发态能级⁵D₁和⁵D₀和基态能级⁷F₂和⁷F₀为两对独立的热耦合能级,可分别基于这两对热耦合能级实现性能优异的双模LIR温度传感。该双模LIR测温技术数据可靠、测温范围广、灵敏度高,再结合GC材料优势,是可用于光纤温度传感器的核心技术材料。