排球发射机的研究及其设计

本文根据目前排球运动训练器材发展的动态和趋势,重点研究了发球训练的规律及其手段,并在此基础上,研究和设计出“排球发射机”。     

恶性肿瘤的微热诊断和脉冲磁场治疗

用人体热能辐射测试仪早期微热诊断恶性肿瘤,用超低频脉冲磁场癌症治疗仪抑制癌瘤和提高免疫细胞功能。上述两种仪器的结合和诊断－治疗方案的临床应用,可能成为一套诊治恶性肿瘤的新方法。     

硅对叶螨危害后棉花防御酶活性的调控作用及其与抗虫性的关系

以棉花品种新陆早33号感染土耳其斯坦叶螨（Tetranychus turkestani（Ugarov ＆ Nikolski））作个案研究,阐明硅提高棉花抗螨性的生理机理。网室条件下采用微区试验设计,硅肥采用喷施和基施处理,研究不同时间棉花的虫害指数、干物质积累量和硅含量,以及与植物抗性密切相关的过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶（PP0）和苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性变化。结果显示：不同施硅处理缓解了棉花叶片受叶螨危害的症状,在接种叶螨第6天硅处理降低了叶片受害指数;施硅处理提高了PPO和PAL的活性,而降低了参与清除植物体内活性氧功能的POD活性。硅能够调控棉花与抗虫有关的酚类物质代谢过程,参与植物防卫反应而增强棉花对土耳其斯坦叶螨的抗性。     

Alternative exon usage selectively determines both tissue distribution and subcellular localization of the acyl-CoA thioesterase 7 gene products

Acyl-CoA thioesterases (ACOTs) catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to free fatty acids and coenzyme A. Recent studies have demonstrated that one gene named Acot7, reported to be mainly expressed in brain and testis, is transcribed in several different isoforms by alternative usage of first exons. Strongly decreased levels of ACOT7 activity and protein in both mitochondria and cytosol was reported in patients diagnosed with fatty acid oxidation defects, linking ACOT7 function to regulation of fatty acid oxidation in other tissues. In this study, we have identified five possible first exons in mouse Acot7 (Acot7a–e) and show that all five first exons are transcribed in a tissue-specific manner. Taken together, these data show that the Acot7 gene is expressed as multiple isoforms in a tissue-specific manner, and that expression in tissues other than brain and testis is likely to play important roles in fatty acid metabolism. Received 5 February 2007: received after revision 3 April 2007; accepted 19 April 2007     

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase regulatory mechanisms and inhibition in treating diabetes, heart ischemia, and cancer

The fraction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) in the active form is reduced by the activities of dedicated PD kinase isozymes (PDK1, PDK2, PDK3 and PDK4). Via binding to the inner lipoyl domain (L2) of the dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase (E2 60mer), PDK rapidly access their E2-bound PD substrate. The E2-enhanced activity of the widely distributed PDK2 is limited by dissociation of ADP from its C-terminal catalytic domain, and this is further slowed by pyruvate binding to the N-terminal regulatory (R) domain. Via the reverse of the PDC reaction, NADH and acetyl-CoA reductively acetylate lipoyl group of L2, which binds to the R domain and stimulates PDK2 activity by speeding up ADP dissociation. Activation of PDC by synthetic PDK inhibitors binding at the pyruvate or lipoyl binding sites decreased damage during heart ischemia and lowered blood glucose in insulin-resistant animals. PDC activation also triggers apoptosis in cancer cells that selectively convert glucose to lactate. Received 25 August 2006; received after revision 20 November 2006; accepted 20 December 2006     

林麝饲养标准

本标准依据家养麝的常用饲料营养成分、消化、代谢和饲养试验结果的大量资料制定。包括仔麝、育成雌雄麝、成年雌雄麝和繁殖雌麝等七种饲养标准。按本标准饲养大群雌麝的繁殖率比对照组提高34％,雄麝的麝香产量比对照组提高19％。     

生命起源的新探索与生命现象的新解释

本文对从分子的化学演化到形成生命这个从量变到质变的过程进行了新的探讨,同时对一些生命现象的本质作了全新的解释。     

排球运动中的供能特点与营养补充

物质和能量代谢是人体各组织器官机能活动的基础，应用运动时物质和能量代谢规律指导训练期间的营养安排是非常有益的．通过对排球运动的特点进行分析，结合各供能系统的特点以及各种能量物质分解的先后关系，简要陈述排球比赛中的物质和能量代谢，分析了排球运动中疲劳产生的可能原因，有针对性地提出训练中的营养安排以及应当注意补充的几种营养物质。     

A preliminary study of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in the endangered aquatic quillwortIsoetes sinensis Palmer in China

Isoetes sinensis Palmer (Isoetaceae) is an aquatic or amphibious plant that is critically endangered in China. Previous studies have revealed the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)-like photosynthetic pathway occurs commonly in submerged leaves in genusIsoetes. Water chemistry parameters and the titratable acidity content of the plant extract were measured from samples obtained in the early morning (7∶00) and late afternoon (15∶00) from twoI. sinensis populations in China. One population occurs in the eulittoral zone of a freshwater tidal river at low elevation (134 m) and another occurs in a densely vegetated, high elevation (1 100 m) alpine shallow pool. Significant differences in pH and titratable acidity of the plant extract were detected between the morning and afternoon samples. These changes are associated with diurnal changes in water chemistry. Our results provide the first evidence for the existence of the CAM pathway in the East Asian endemicIsoetes sinensis Palmer. The magnitude of fluctuations in the titratable acidity of the plant extract may be correlated with the severe carbon limitation imposed on the plants by its aquatic habitat. Foundation item: Supported by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan (G2000046805) Biography:Pang Xin-an (1974-), male, Master candidate, research direction: conservation biology.     

蚯蚓冻干粉对高血脂小鼠胆固醇逆转运相关基因的调节作用

以高脂饲料饲喂昆明种小鼠构建高血脂小鼠模型,灌胃给予高、中、低剂量(0.4,0.2,0.1g/kg)蚯蚓冻干粉,每天1次,同时饲喂高脂饲料,以仅饲喂高脂饲料组小鼠为对照,共饲养10周.提取小鼠肝脏总RNA,应用半定量RT-PCR技术检测实验组与对照组小鼠胆固醇逆转运相关基因卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶(lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase,LCAT)和脂蛋白酯酶(lipoprotein lipase,LPL)mRNA表达水平.结果表明,蚯蚓冻干粉极显著提高实验组小鼠LCAT mRNA表达水平(P0.01),显著提高LPL mRNA表达水平(P0.05),提示这是蚯蚓冻干粉能够降低高血脂小鼠血浆胆固醇水平的原因之一.