自然循环余热锅炉动态仿真研究

建立自然循环余热锅炉的动态模型并进行仿真,对研究余热锅炉的动态特性具有重要意义。引入容性环节与阻性环节相结合的方法,对自然循环余热锅炉的关键部件进行更为合理的划分,解决了各部件模块间的可连接性问题;从对象工作机理出发,将汽包水面下工质集总成具有一定干度的汽水混合物,从而简化了汽包建模仿真的复杂度。利用所建模型对联合循环中燃机和汽机变工况时余热锅炉的动态特性进行了仿真研究,结果不但证实了模型的有效性,并且可以满足更大范围的动态仿真要求,可以为各类锅炉建模仿真的参考模型。     

热应激对小鼠海马细胞构筑的影响

实验采用石蜡切片技术及尼氏染色法,探讨热应激对小鼠海马各区锥体细胞与颗粒细胞胞体形态结构及细胞数目的影响.结果显示:热应激组小鼠海马各区的锥体及颗粒细胞胞体面积较对照组均发生显著变化,其中热应激组海马CA3区锥体细胞胞体面积较对照组极显著变小(P相似文献   

地温梯度研究中应该注意的问题

在研究沉积型盆地地下热资源的分布过程中,经常通过对地温梯度的研究来确定地下的热分布情况,而不是研究大地热流的分布,但是在研究地温梯度的过程中,经常将不同深度下计算的地温梯度放到同一平面中进行比较,这样就会给实际的研究造成错误的指导,地温梯度与计算井段的深度是密切相关的,要将地下的情况放到平面上进行分析研究,就必须将不同深度下的地温梯度规一化到同一深度面上讨论,现提出一种解决的办法,即规一化地温梯度的计算方法。     

微型燃机一次表面回热器全程通道三维数值模拟

基于层流假设,对微型燃机一次表面回热器 (PSR)波纹状全程通道的换热特性和压力损失进行了三维数值模拟计算,并将模拟结果与经验公式计算结果进行了比较.数值模拟结果表明,一次表面回热器的换热特性和压力损失值与雷诺数及波纹的结构尺寸有关.换热特性随着雷诺数的增加、通道宽高比的减小而逐渐增强,阻力损失则随着雷诺数、通道宽高比的增加而明显增大.当回热器部分流量工作时,回热度升高.     

Cellular responses to mild heat stress

Since its discovery in 1962 by Ritossa, the heat shock response has been extensively studied by a number of investigators to understand the molecular mechanism underlying the cellular response to heat stress. The most well characterized heat shock response is induction of the heat shock proteins that function as molecular chaperones and exert cell cycle regulatory and anti-apoptotic activities. While most investigators have focused their studies on the toxic effects of heat stress in organisms such as severe heat stress-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, the cellular response to fever-ranged mild heat stress has been rather underestimated. However, the cellular response to mild heat stress is likely to be more important in a physiological sense than that to severe heat stress because the body temperature of homeothermic animals increases by only 1–2°C during febrile diseases. Here we provide information that mild heat stress does have some beneficial role in organisms via positively regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, and immune response in mammalian cells.Received 14 May 2004; received after revision 2 August 2004; accepted 16 August 2004     

Hsp70 chaperones: Cellular functions and molecular mechanism

Hsp70 proteins are central components of the cellular network of molecular chaperones and folding catalysts. They assist a large variety of protein folding processes in the cell by transient association of their substrate binding domain with short hydrophobic peptide segments within their substrate proteins. The substrate binding and release cycle is driven by the switching of Hsp70 between the low-affinity ATP bound state and the high-affinity ADP bound state. Thus, ATP binding and hydrolysis are essential in vitro and in vivo for the chaperone activity of Hsp70 proteins. This ATPase cycle is controlled by co-chaperones of the family of J-domain proteins, which target Hsp70s to their substrates, and by nucleotide exchange factors, which determine the lifetime of the Hsp70-substrate complex. Additional co-chaperones fine-tune this chaperone cycle. For specific tasks the Hsp70 cycle is coupled to the action of other chaperones, such as Hsp90 and Hsp100.Received 21 October 2004; received after revision 24 November 2004; accepted 6 December 2004     

低热值燃料稳定燃烧的研究现状与进展

随着经济的持续发展,我国的能源需求不断增加.即便煤炭产量以及石油进口量都在不断刷新也难以保障能源的安全供给.因此,节约能源,扩大可利用的能源资源范围,对我国的经济建设极为重要.低热值燃料的应用能提高能源利用效率,但其热值低,稳定燃烧难以控制,需要在组织燃烧场、拓展可燃极限、稳定燃烧方面争取技术突破.本文将低热值燃烧技术分成两类进行了综述,一类是优化着火条件,一类是优化燃烧场结构,并介绍了国内外的一些低热值燃料燃烧实例,探讨了这方面的应用基础研究和技术开发现状.     

输油管道对流换热系数模型

热油管道能耗巨大,其散热问题的研究具有极高的工程应用价值。尽管在很多情况下流体与管壁间的对流换热系数很大,可以在总传热系数计算中忽略对流换热系数的影响,但并不总是如此。主流与近壁边界间的过渡区、即热边界层内的换热是不可忽略的。采用动量热量比拟的方法建立输油管道对流换热系数模型,并在此基础上对总传热系数进行了分析计算。计算结果表明,边界层内的对流换热系数对管道的总传热系数具有较大影响。     

油藏注热流体开采过程数值模拟及分析

油藏注热流体(热水、蒸汽、热油)开采是提高采收率的重要方法。由于注热流体开采热传递过程复杂,理论和试验研究存在一定的局限。参考辽河油田常用射孔枪实物模型建立物理模型,经过合理简化建立数学模型,借助F luent模拟软件进行模拟。模拟结果表明,原油的流动性和驱动性较差,黏度越大,流动效果越差。     

膜反转板式降膜再生过程研究

结合板式降膜技术与膜反转技术的优势,提出了一种新型膜反转板式降膜再生器.通过建立和求解其再生过程传热传质数学模型,得到液膜内的浓度、温度分布特征.揭示了再生过程蒸汽发生的特点,比较了不同倾斜角度、反转次数和分段位置的降膜板布置下再生过程的再生效果,确立了设计条件下一次反转的最佳膜反转板式降膜再生器结构.研究结果表明,膜反转板式降膜再生器比竖板降膜再生器更加高效紧凑.