土壤中碳酸钙和有机碳测定的一种新方法

利用阿曼苏丹国的一千多个土壤样品,对土壤中碳酸钙和有机碳测定的实验方法进行了研究。发现实际碳酸钙的含量可由“亚稳态”时碳酸钙含量乘以适当的因子代替,从而大大提高了工作效率。而利用有机碳/全氮(C/N)的特殊规律,则可建立一个确定“有机碳”实验中所需土壤样品量的新方法。     

Triphasic vascular effects of thiol compounds and their oxidized forms on dog coronary arteries

The vascular effects of 2-mercaptoethanol, cysteamine, L-cysteine, glutathione (GSH), cystamine and oxidized GSH (GSSG) on the isometric tension of isolated dog coronary arterial strips were examined, and these effects were compared with the triphasic response induced by dithiothreitol (DTT); a rapid and weak contraction (phase A), an intervening slow relaxation (phase B) and a slowly-developing strong contraction (phase C) which we previously reported. The responses of the arteries induced by 2-mercaptoethanol, cysteamine and L-cysteine consisted of phases A, B and C. The order of contractile potency (ED₅₀ of phase C) was DTTL-cysteine>2-mercaptoethanolcysteamine, while the order of relaxant potency (ED₅₀ of phase B) was DTT>cysteamine2-mercaptoethanol. GSSG and cystamine mainly produced relaxation, which corresponded to phase B. The phase C contraction was specific to the reduced forms of thiols, except for GSH, which produced only relaxation. The participation of endothelial cells was not essential for the contracting or relaxing effects of the thiol compounds. The phase C contraction was depressed by W-7, a calmodulin antagonist, while phase A was not. Therefore calmodulin-dependent protein kinases may participate in phase C, not in phase A.     

CSGC方程估算污水处理中高沸点有机物蒸气压

将Riedel方程和基团贡献法结合，提出一种新的估算方法对应态基团贡献法（CSGC），借助这种方法，提出一个新的蒸汽压估算方程。通过采用包括烷烃、烯烃、环烃、芳香族、卤代烃、含氧物质、含硫物质、含氮物质等462种物质6540个数据点的回归计算得到117种基团的贡献参数值。通过对10种高沸点有机物的蒸气压估算后得到的结果显示，新的蒸汽压估算方程虽然仅仅用到了正常沸点这一个参数，但得到总平均误差仅为1．17％。     

教师专业化背景下的一体化教师教育模式初探

在界定教师专业化的内涵与标准的基础上，分析了教师专业化的必然趋势和要求，最后结合别国的经验，探讨了作为教师专业化实现途径之一的一体化教师教育模式的建构策略。     

葡萄糖对油制气废水生物降解影响的初步研究

采用3种驯化分离的菌种S-2、Y-3、XH-3及其混合菌M-3,以葡萄糖作为共代谢基质,研究了葡萄糖对各菌降解油制气废水的影响.结果表明:加入葡萄糖,可使COD、氨氮、可萃取有机物的去除率分别提高16.9%～26.5%、17.5%～31.2%、15.2%～23.3%;但在所采用的时间范围内,酚类化合物的去除率降低.加入葡萄糖,各菌对废水中芳烃类化合物的去除率提高17.7%～21.7%.除了维持无营养物条件下对芳环数≤3芳烃类化合物的良好降解能力外,对芳环数为4～6芳烃类化合物的降解能力也有所提高.     

Cr 3+改性膨润土用于处理特定有机废水的实验研究

制备了Cr 3 改性膨润土并用于吸附苯酚、对苯二酚和苯胺.研究了吸附过程的适宜条件、投样量、样品稳定性及再生情况.以COD为综合指标检测了处理垃圾渗滤液的实验效果,并与常见的吸附剂进行了简单的经济技术对比.对可能的机理进行了探讨.     

新型中和缓蚀剂对常减压塔顶H2S—HCI—H2O腐蚀作用的影响

研究了新型中和缓蚀剂SF-121B和BZH-1在常减压蒸馏塔顶H2S-HCl-H2O腐蚀系统中的缓蚀效果，结果表明：随着H2S浓度增加，腐蚀速率增加；温度升高，溶液pH值下降，腐蚀增加。中和缓蚀剂SF-121B和BZH-1的缓蚀效果优于目前工业常用的7019。SF-121B与氨水复配在保持较好缓蚀效果的同时，可减少操作成本。     

Recent development of organic electron transport materials

This article reviews the recent development of organic electron transport materials applied in the fields of organic photoconductors, light-emitting diodes, field-effect transistors and solar cells. Several technologies for charge carrier mobility measurement are summarized and compared, and a series of basic principles for designing high-performance organic electron transport materials are suggested as well.     

Initial organic geochemical investigation on Late Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian sediments in the Yangtze region, China

Totally 19 samples of typical Upper Proterozoic-Lower Cambrian sedimentary rocks were collected and analyzed for an organic geochemical investigation. Almost all these rocks have high TOCs, super-maturities and similar biomarker distribution. As an exception, however, the Sinian Nantuo Tillite shows much lower TOCs and little phytane and pristane in comparison with those in other strata, which implies a very faint photosynthetic process, and a restricted euphotic zone and quite limited sunlight within the sedimentary water column during the Sinian glaciation age in the western Yangtze region providing an evidence for palaeo-oceanic environment of the Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth age.     

Isotopic evolution of the terminal Neoproterozoic and early Cambrian carbon cycle on the northern Yangtze Platform, South China

Profound geotectonic, climatic and biological changes occur during the terminal Neoproterozoic and its transition into the early Cambrian. These are reflected in temporal variations of the chemical and isotopic composition of seawater. We are studying a sequence of sedimentary rocks at the Shatan section, northern Yangtze Platform, Sichuan Province of China. This succession comprises, in ascending stratigraphic order, predominantly calcareous sediments of the Sinian upper Dengying Formation and black shales of the lower Cambrian Guojiaba Formation (time equivalent of Niutitang Fm.). Paleoenvironmental setting represents shallow-water shelf deposits. The objective of our study is to provide temporal records for the isotopic compositions of organic and carbonate carbon throughout this time interval. Organic carbon isotope values display a range between -35.8‰ and -30.1‰ with clear stratigraphic variations. Carbonate carbon isotope data vary between -3.5‰ and +0.5‰. These secular variations are interpreted to reflect perturbations of the global carbon cycle, specifically changes in the fractional burial of organic carbon. However, local conditions have further affected the isotopic signals.