产物分离固相化细胞反应器的设计和数学模型

设计了一种以挥发性产物和非挥发性底物为特征的四相反应器——分离器。在此反应器中,生物催化剂被固定在固体柱填充物上并与含有底物的液相接触,汽相流过柱子而将挥发性产物蒸发迸入汽相。反应器由同方向流的浓缩器和反方向流的分离器两个基本汽——液流部分组成。并建立了吸附的单层细胞稳态群体数学模型和反应器平衡状态模型。     

Loss of antibody production accompanied by chromosome loss in a cloned hybrid line secreting antibodies to sheep red blood cells

Summary Somatic cell hybrids between Sp2/O-Ag14 mouse myeloma cells and lymphocytes derived from BALB/c mice hyperimmunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were produced. One hybrid producing IgG₁ antibody to SRBC was selected, cloned twice and subsequently transferred to BALB/c mice. After a number of transfers it was found that the antibody titer in ascitec fluid gradually decreased. Cytogenetic analysis revealed gradual chromosome loss in the hybrid clone, which produced progressively less antibody.     

Selective protection of cells against X-irradiation. Isoproterenol protects only those cells that possesβ-adrenoreceptors

Summary In mixed culture of Chinese hamster fibroblatst, clone 431, and transformed murine L fibroblasts, clone B-82, isoproterenol was found to protect only 431 cells against ionizing radiation. It was shown that 431 cells, in contrast to B-82 cells, possess-adrenoreceptors, and the radioprotective effect of isoproterenol can be realized only if this agent interacts with-adrenoreceptors coupled with the cAMP system. Since malignization often causes the disappearance of-adrenergic and other hormone receptors, the combined culturing and irradiation of the cells studied can be regarded as a model of the growth of malignant cells (B-82) among normal tissue cells (431 cells) under conditions of radiation therapy. A possibility of selective protection against radiation damage of normal tissue cells, with retention of the former radiosensitivity of tumor cells, is discussed.     

考虑声源非相干性的城市轨道交通全封闭声屏障降噪预测

以某轨道交通全封闭声屏障为研究对象,考虑简化线声源的非相干性,建立2.5维边界元衍射声场模型;通过现场沿线环境噪声测试,验证了该模型的准确性,并与相干源衍射声场预测结果比较;最后预测了在近场高层建筑附近,全封闭声屏障对近轨或远轨车辆噪声的降噪效果。研究结果表明,非相干线声源更符合城市轨道交通噪声源特性;对于轮轨噪声（315～1 000 Hz）,全封闭声屏障在高层住宅建筑区域有显著的降噪效果,1/3倍频程插入损失最大为30.0 dB。对于低频噪声（50～250 Hz）,全封闭声屏障会加重高层住宅建筑区域的声压级,使插入损失出现负值。针对高层建筑附近场点,全封闭声屏障的顶端拱形透光板对远轨车辆噪声有更为显著的附加降噪效果,大部分场点附加插入损失均高于5.0 dB。     

白蜡虫(Ericerus pela Chavannes)雌虫神经分泌系统的形态及组织学研究

应用Ewen’s改良多聚醛品红染色方法,对雌性白蜡虫(Ericerus pela Cha-vannes)成虫神经分泌系统的形态及组织学进行了研究.确定了在前脑中存在有两群属于“A”型神经分泌细胞.愈合腹神经节中亦有分散的“A”型神经分泌细胞.脑神经分泌细胞中的神经分泌粒通过其轴突传送到心侧体中释放.心侧体为神经血器官.虫体在进入成体阶段后到产卵期间,其脑中的神经分泌细胞在形态及染色性上都没有明显差异.     

Bovine microvascular endothelial cells of separate morphology differ in growth and response to the action of interferon-γ

Five cell types recently isolated from the bovine corpus luteum differed in their epithelioid morphology and their cytoskeleton, but shared common criteria of microvascular endothelial cells^1,2. To give strong evidence for the separate entity, the growth rate of the 5 phenotypically different cells was studied. They were seeded at low density on day 0. Most of these cells were treated with 200 to 1000 U recombinant bovine interferon- (IFN-) for 3 days. The untreated remainder served as controls. Cell counts were made for all cultures on days 4, 7, 10 and 13. morphology: 13 d after treatment with IFN- senescent cells as well as intact cells occurred in cultures of cell types 1 to 4. Cultures of cell type 5 were apparently unchanged and resembled their untreated counterparts. Desminpositive cells in cultures of cell type 2 developed cell processes. Growth rate: In the absence of IFN-, the growth rate was high for cell types 3 and 4, moderate for cell type 1, and low for cell types 2 and 5. The presence of IFN- caused anti-proliferative effects. These were higher for cell types 3 and 4 than for cell types 1 and 2. IFN- could be cytotoxic on cell type 3. In contrast, the cytokine tended to support the cell growth of cell type 5. These findings substantiate the postulate that endothelial cells exhibiting separate morphology in culture also function differently.     

还原论思维方式的终结

“还原”一词有多重含义,通常被区分为以下三个层次：本体论还原,方法论还原和理论还原,在我看来,本体论还原不过是唯物论二,一个基本命题,而方法论还原也仅仅是分析方法,没有会么新意,实际,还原论者真正关头的是理还原,而这又被证明是失败的。因此,我主张科学在未来世纪的进步取决于人们摆脱还原思维方式的程度。     

细胞内游离钙的荧光测定

由于细胞内游离钙浓度是重要的生理指标之一,所以重点在测定细胞内游离钙的技术要求、影响测定的重要因素、钙的荧光试剂以及新进展四个方面叙述。实验证明Ｗａｚｏ－１试剂对细胞无毒性,与钙反应迅速、灵敏及选择性高,细胞内游离钙的荧光测定快速准确。但是,荧光试剂的合成路线较长,还需要改进。     

加热速度对煤的气化反应性的影响

实验室条件下考察了五种不同类型的煤经不同加热速度处理后,煤中碳对ＣＯ２化学反应性及单位质量碳的气化反应速度常数－－特殊反应速度常数的变化规律。研究结果表明：适于直接还原回转窑窑头喷煤用的高挥发分煤,经不同加热速度处理后煤中碳对ＣＯ２化学反应性和特殊反应速度常数发生明显变化,随加热速度增大而明显增大,这一研究结果为直接还原回转窑窑头喷煤强化还原的机理研究提供了依据。     

建立人输卵管上皮细胞无血清培养

人输卵管上皮细胞（HOEC）可以体外较长时间无血清培养,DMEM／F12培养液的培养效果优于Ham’sF10,在加有多种因子和胎球蛋白的培养液中,HOEC可贴壁生长,生长能力达到合质量分数15％FCS的对照组的30％～40％,一般可传代2次,最长培养可维持38d,细胞形态与有血清培养差别不大,虽然无血清培养HOEC的生长速度、密度、传代成功率远不及有血清培养,但能抑制成纤维细胞生长,维持较纯的上皮细胞。