地膜覆盖对半干旱区春小麦光合作用及产量的影响

对半干旱区春小麦进行短期地膜覆盖试验,结果表明：覆膜有利于春小麦光合作用和产量水平的提高,但覆膜时间过长,日光合积累和最终籽粒产量反而有下降的趋势,在研究区,春小麦最佳覆膜时间为播种至三叶期,不必全生育期覆膜。     

菌种储藏对一株头孢霉菌产DHA的影响

将一株头孢霉菌（Ｃｅｐｈａｌｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍ．ｓｐ．）斜面菌种分别在２０．４和－２０℃ｄ,将菌种分别经活化和不活化后转接入液本ＰＤＡ培养基中发酵发现ＤＨＡ（Ｄｏｃｏｓａｈｅｘ－ａｅｎｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ．２２：６）产量和储藏时间、储藏温度、发酵前菌种是否转接活化有关系,在－２０℃储藏的菌种,ＤＨＡ最高产量可达２７．８６ｍｇ／Ｌ,此时每克干菌丝中ＤＨＡ含量为４．２６ｍｇ,生物量为６．５４ｇ／Ｌ;在４℃储     

覆麦秸对盐碱地小麦生长及产量的效应

地表覆麦秸和深埋麦秸能明显提高耐盐小麦德抗９６１的出苗率和冬前分蘖数,并使其单株鲜重、株高、公顷穗数、穗粒数、旗叶面积、旗叶鲜重、旗叶干重、旗叶净光合速率显著增加,Ｎａ＾＋／Ｋ＾＋比降低,最终使小麦产量显著增加。地麦覆麦秸和深埋麦秸使耐盐小麦品种德抗９６１的产量构成因素明显大于对照,使前两者的每公顷产量分别达４４２２．４５ｋｇ、３７６９．９５ｋｇ,而对照的只有２８５０ｋｇ。因此,选择耐盐品种,地表     

中国粮食:21世纪的挑战与生产潜力

自１９４９ 年以来,特别是改革开放以来,中国的农业特别是粮食生产有了长足的进展,在２１ 世纪中国在粮食生产的增长方面仍然面临严峻的形势和挑战,这主要是由于严重的农业资源匮乏和农村剩余劳力的大量过剩． 但是,通过严格控制现有土地资源、推广作物复种和采用先进技术提高单产,中国还是有能力在粮食的产出方面满足其自身发展的需要的．分析和论断基于自１９８０ 年以来中国在粮食问题上成功使用的一种系统方法．     

Clostridial neurotoxins: structure-function led design of new therapeutics

The neurotoxins produced by various species of Clostridia are the causative agents of botulism and tetanus. The ability of the toxins, specifically those of the botulinum neurotoxin family, to disrupt neurotransmission has been exploited for use in several medical indications and now represents the therapeutic option of choice in a number of cases. Clostridial neurotoxins have been discovered to have a multi-domain structure that is shared between the various proteins of the family, and it has also been determined that each domain contributes a specific role to the holotoxin. The extensive use of recombinant expression approaches, along with solution of multiple crystallographic structures of individual domains, has enabled researchers to explore structurefunction relationships of the toxin domains more closely. These advances have facilitated a greater understanding of the potential use of individual domains for a wide variety of purposes, including the development of new therapeutics. Received 21 October 2005; received after revision 10 November 2005; accepted 16 November 2005     

Structural genomics for membrane proteins

Structure-based drug discovery has proven useful in improving and shortening the drug development process. The approach of structural genomics to study a large number of targets in parallel has been commonly applied to protein families and even whole genomes. Paradoxically, although membrane proteins represent the largest type of drug targets, up to 70% today, determination of their structure has been modest compared to that of soluble proteins. Because membrane proteins are important for drug discovery an emphasis has been placed on developing technologies and methods to determine membrane protein structures. Several structural genomics initiatives have been established, focusing on the structural biology of membrane proteins. Received 31 May 2006; received after revision 5 July 2006; accepted 9 August 2006     

重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子的遗传毒性

目的:了解重组人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(rhaFGF)皮肤外用的遗传毒性。方法:用CHL细胞染色体畸变试验、小鼠骨髓PCE微核试验和Am es试验方法对rhaFGF进行遗传毒性研究。结果:rhaFGF各剂量组和阴性对照组在加或不加S9情况下,其CHL染色体畸变率均<5%;各剂量组的骨髓细胞微核细胞率与阴性对照组比较均差异无显著性(P>0.05);rhaFGF各剂量组(0.5~5 000μg/皿)对TA97、TA98、TA100、TA102菌珠在加或不加S9混合液条件下均无致突变作用。结论:在所选试验和剂量范围内未见到rhaFGF具有遗传毒性。     

Forecasting the Term Structure when Short‐Term Rates are Near Zero

This paper compares the experience of forecasting the UK government bond yield curve before and after the dramatic lowering of short‐term interest rates from October 2008. Out‐of‐sample forecasts for 1, 6 and 12 months are generated from each of a dynamic Nelson–Siegel model, autoregressive models for both yields and the principal components extracted from those yields, a slope regression and a random walk model. At short forecasting horizons, there is little difference in the performance of the models both prior to and after 2008. However, for medium‐ to longer‐term horizons, the slope regression provided the best forecasts prior to 2008, while the recent experience of near‐zero short interest rates coincides with a period of forecasting superiority for the autoregressive and dynamic Nelson–Siegel models. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于分区的水稻总产遥感估算研究

本文通过未基于分区与基于分区的水稻总产遥感拟合模型的比较分析,选取最优模型进行水稻遥感估产.以湖南省为研究区,在水稻遥感估产分区、水稻可能种植区识别的基础上,以县为单位,利用2000～2007年的统计产量与MODIS EVI建立未基于分区与基于分区的水稻总产遥感拟合模型,通过相对误差、RMSE,以及拟合结果与统计值比较散点图分析,选择最优遥感拟合模型,并用此模型对2008年湖南省水稻总产进行预测.研究结果表明,基于分区的水稻总产遥感拟合模型要比未基于分区的要好,最优模型为二次非线性模型和逐步回归模型,且生育期主要集中在孕穗期到乳熟期.水稻总产拟合及预测结果与统计值相比省级相对误差都小于5%,且拟合结果的误差总体上比预测结果的误差要小.基于分区的水稻总产遥感估产模型有效地提高了水稻遥感估产的精度.     

施用生石灰对土壤酶活性及大豆产量的影响

在酸性土壤上施用生石灰对土壤酶活性及大豆产量的影响初步研究表明,在大豆各生育期内酸性磷酸酶和转化酶活性随土壤酸性变弱而受到抑制,而脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性却增强,大豆产量呈现出随生石灰施入量的增加而增加的趋势,各处理与对照相比增产1.0%~9.5%。经土壤酶活性与大豆产量的相关分析得出,酸性土壤改良后土壤酶活性提高,在酸性较强的土壤上种植大豆,施肥时配合一定量的生石灰对提高土壤肥力、增加大豆产量有良好的促进作用,但在实际生产中的施用量要根据具体情况而定。