隔夜波动率的估计

基于广义动态因子模型构建了个股隔夜波动率的一个新的估计量,并利用中国的上证50指数的24支成分股2013—2014年的数据进行了实证分析.实证结果表明:新估计量比隔夜收益的平方的表现更好,新的估计量可以降低噪声的影响.     

缙云山森林次生演替序列优势种群的生态位

通过１９８６年和１９９６年对缙云山森林次生演替序列中四种群落类型的重复调查，用两种公式计测生态位宽度，研究演替序列优势种群的基础生态位和实际生态位．结果表明，实际生态位侧重于物种对特定资源的利用能力，基础生态位侧重于物种的生态幅度．在缙云山森林次生演替序列中，各个优势种群的生态位宽度不同，森林先锋种的最宽实际生态位比演替顶极种窄，基础生态位则相反     

基于HAR模型对中国股市已实现极差的研究

在20支上证A股股票高频日内数据的基础上,考虑成交量、交易次数和各种形式的隔夜回报对已实现极差的影响.为了考查影响效果,我们将加入这些滞后变量的增广HAR模型同传统HAR模型进行比较.研究结果表明,在样本内预测上这些滞后变量都对已实现极差有一定的影响,然而在样本外预测效果方面,加入这些滞后变量后的增广HAR模型同传统HAR模型相比并没有显著提高.     

大型压裂技术在低孔低渗薄储层中应用与研究

针对沙四段低孔、特低渗储层存在层多、层薄、微裂缝发育等特点,从分析该区块压裂改造难点入手,找出了影响压裂效果的关键因素。针对性提出了压裂液体系优化、综合降滤技术、综合控缝高技术和压裂测试技术,在高89块实现了区块大型压裂改造。现场应用证明,新投产井压裂后均自喷生产,稳产期长,增产效果显著。     

Modeling and forecasting realized volatility in German–Austrian continuous intraday electricity prices

This paper uses high‐frequency continuous intraday electricity price data from the EPEX market to estimate and forecast realized volatility. Three different jump tests are used to break down the variation into jump and continuous components using quadratic variation theory. Several heterogeneous autoregressive models are then estimated for the logarithmic and standard deviation transformations. Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) structures are included in the error terms of the models when evidence of conditional heteroskedasticity is found. Model selection is based on various out‐of‐sample criteria. Results show that decomposition of realized volatility is important for forecasting and that the decision whether to include GARCH‐type innovations might depend on the transformation selected. Finally, results are sensitive to the jump test used in the case of the standard deviation transformation.     

Volatility Forecasting via MIDAS,HAR and their Combination: An Empirical Comparative Study for IBOVESPA

In this paper we compare several multi‐period volatility forecasting models, specifically from MIDAS and HAR families. We perform our comparisons in terms of out‐of‐sample volatility forecasting accuracy. We also consider combinations of the models' forecasts. Using intra‐daily returns of the BOVESPA index, we calculate volatility measures such as realized variance, realized power variation and realized bipower variation to be used as regressors in both models. Further, we use a nonparametric procedure for separately measuring the continuous sample path variation and the discontinuous jump part of the quadratic variation process. Thus MIDAS and HAR specifications with the continuous sample path and jump variability measures as separate regressors are estimated. Our results in terms of mean squared error suggest that regressors involving volatility measures which are robust to jumps (i.e. realized bipower variation and realized power variation) are better at forecasting future volatility. However, we find that, in general, the forecasts based on these regressors are not statistically different from those based on realized variance (the benchmark regressor). Moreover, we find that, in general, the relative forecasting performances of the three approaches (i.e. MIDAS, HAR and forecast combinations) are statistically equivalent. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Forecasting Daily Variations of Stock Index Returns with a Multifractal Model of Realized Volatility

Multifractal models have recently been introduced as a new type of data‐generating process for asset returns and other financial data. Here we propose an adaptation of this model for realized volatility. We estimate this new model via generalized method of moments and perform forecasting by means of best linear forecasts derived via the Levinson–Durbin algorithm. Its out‐of‐sample performance is compared against other popular time series specifications. Using an intra‐day dataset for five major international stock market indices, we find that the the multifractal model for realized volatility improves upon forecasts of its earlier counterparts based on daily returns and of many other volatility models. While the more traditional RV‐ARFIMA model comes out as the most successful model (in terms of the number of cases in which it has the best forecasts for all combinations of forecast horizons and evaluation criteria), the new model performs often significantly better during the turbulent times of the recent financial crisis. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modeling Realized Volatility Dynamics with a Genetic Algorithm

The heterogeneous autoregressive model of realized volatility (HAR‐RV) is inspired by the heterogeneous market hypothesis and characterizes realized volatility dynamics through a linear function of lagged daily, weekly and monthly realized volatilities with a (1, 5, 22) lag structure. Considering that different markets can have different heterogeneous structures and a market's heterogeneous structure can vary over time, we build an adaptive heterogeneous autoregressive model of realized volatility (AHAR‐RV), whose lag structure is optimized with a genetic algorithm. Using nine common loss functions and the superior predictive ability test, we find that our AHAR‐RV model and its extensions provide significantly better out‐of‐sample volatility forecasts for the CSI 300 index than the corresponding HAR models. Furthermore, the AHAR‐RV model significantly outperforms all the other models under most loss functions. Besides, we confirm that Chinese stock markets' heterogeneous structure varies over time and the (1, 5, 22) lag structure is not the optimal choice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于实际波动率的VaR模型实证研究

以实际波动率预测方法替代传统的波动率预测方法,应用到VaR模型中去,并随机选择了五只股票数据进行实证研究,比较基于GARCH模型和实际波动率模型的两种VaR预测结果,得到基于实际波动率的VaR预测效果显著地优于基于GARCH模型的VaR预测效果.     

Trading volume and realized volatility forecasting: Evidence from the China stock market

The existing contradictory findings on the contribution of trading volume to volatility forecasting prompt us to seek new solutions to test the sequential information arrival hypothesis (SIAH). Departing from other empirical analyses that mainly focus on sophisticated testing methods, this research offers new insights into the volume-volatility nexus by decomposing and reconstructing the trading activity into short-run components that typically represent irregular information flow and long-run components that denote extreme information flow in the stock market. We are the first to attempt at incorporating an improved empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method to investigate the volatility forecasting ability of trading volume along with the Heterogeneous Autoregressive (HAR) model. Previous trading volume is used to obtain the decompositions to forecast the future volatility to ensure an ex ante forecast, and both the decomposition and forecasting processes are carried out by the rolling window scheme. Rather than trading volume by itself, the results show that the reconstructed components are also able to significantly improve out-of-sample realized volatility (RV) forecasts. This finding is robust both in one-step ahead and multiple-step ahead forecasting horizons under different estimation windows. We thus fill the gap in studies by (1) extending the literature on the volume-volatility linkage to EMD-HAR analysis and (2) providing a clear view on how trading volume helps improve RV forecasting accuracy.