七种稀土硫代脯氨酸配合物的合成与性质表征

作者文合成了七种未见文献报道的稀土与硫代脯氨酸的配合物,并对其进行元素分析、摩尔电导测定、热重分析、差热分析和红外光谱分析等,确证配合物的组成为ＲＥ（ｔｃＨ）３（ＮＯ３）３．ｎＣＨ３ＯＨ（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ、Ｃｅ、Ｐｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｓｍ、Ｇｄ、Ｙ;ｎ＝１、２）,并对其成键部位进行讨论。     

三峡库区珍稀濒危植物的地理分布与区系特征研究

三峡库区蕴藏着丰富的珍稀濒危植物资源,据调查统计,库区有国家级珍稀濒危植物４９种,隶属于３４科４６属,珍稀濒危植物集中分布在库区中下游段,巴东、宜昌、巫溪、巫山分布较多。其区系特征可以归结为：（１）起源古老;（２）具有明显的温带性质;（３）中国特色成分显著,单种属、少种属较多。     

新型金属型钝镍剂的开发与研究

以CHZ-2催化裂化平衡剂为钝镍对象,对优选出的稀土和碱土金属钝镍剂的钝镍效果进行了评价。结果表明,稀土和碱土基钝镍剂对平衡催化剂上的沉积镍具有明显的钝化效果。钝镍剂的加人量有一个最佳值,适量的钝镍剂除了能钝化镍的脱氢作用,还能调节催化剂表面的酸结构。采用X-射线衍射、程序升温还原实验、X光电子能谱等方法对钝镍机理的研究表明,在制备过程中,沉积镍与稀土金属元素相互作用生成了稳定性高的RENiO3物相,而与碱土金属离子发生晶格取代反应并形成固溶物,使镍处于难以还原的高价态,封闭了镍的脱氢活性。在相同的还原条件下,经钝镍剂处理过的样品中Ni2P3/2结合能均高于未进行钝镍处理的样品,这说明加入钝镍剂后,改变了镍的电子特性,使镍处于低脱氢活性的高价氧化态。     

阴极共沉积Ni(OH)2薄膜在碱溶液中的电化学特性

采用阴极电沉积法在镍基底上制备Ni(OH) 2 薄膜 ,循环伏安法在 1 0mol·dm-3 KOH溶液中测量了薄膜电极的催化析氧特性 .沉积Ni(OH) 2 的薄膜电极比镍基底增加了 2 0mA·cm-2 的析氧电流 (1 0VvsHg/HgO电极 ) .在制膜过程中掺杂 7?(V/V)得到的复合氢氧化镍薄膜电极在碱溶液中的析氧电流又增加了约 2 0mA·cm-2 .分光光度法和薄层扫描分析法对薄膜进行了成分分析 .     

山西珍稀濒危植物区系分析

山西作为受人类洗破坏最严重的地区之一,生物多样性受到严重威胁,濒危植物约有１１０种,对这些植物的分布区类型的分析表明,本区系珍稀濒危植物中温带成分占优势,区系起源古老,其中有中国特有的珍稀濒危植物。     

Global pollution shown by lead and cadmium contents in precipitation of polar regions and Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

The analysis of the major ions, lead and cadmium has been performed for snow-pit samples collected from the Arctic, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Antarctic Ice Sheet. These snow pits were excavated respectively from the snowpack in Canadian Northwest Territory (NWT) and the central Arctic, three glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and surface snow along the route of the International Trans-Antarctic Expedition (ITAE). The source regions for the lead pollution of central Arctic have been identified by analyzing of stable lead isotopic ratios, meteorological and atmospheric chemistry studies. It shows that the central Arctic is still under intensive lead input, despite the fact that lead content in Greenland Ice Sheet displays a rapid decreasing since the 1970s due to US and some European countries’ campaigns to reduce lead-containing gasoline-additives. This is because there are multiple lead sources for the central Arctic, including the countries that have not performed gasoline-additives reducing. The backgrounds of atmospheric aerosol compositions, as well as the concentrations of lead and cadmium in precipitation of the early 1990s, are contrasted among the Arctic, Antarctica and Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The measured lead content in the snowfall at the typical sites of the three regions is divided into natural (background) and anthropogenic components. It is found that natural lead concentration (mainly crustal and/or sea-salt lead) is roughly equal among the three regions (< 3×10¹²g · g¹). However, the percentage of the natural lead to the measured lead is negligible in precipitation in the central Arctic and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, while it is considerable in Antarctic precipitation. The anthropogenic component of lead (>50% in Antarctic precipitation, >97% in the Arctic and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ) is mainly responsible for the lead input to both polar regions and to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Lead pollution may have spread into the whole troposphere and the most remote regions on earth.     

青城山山地黄壤形成特点及性状研究

青城山山地黄壤是亚热带湿润气候常绿阔叶林条件下发育的地带性黄壤,不同的母质可发育成同一类型土壤;与标准黄壤对比,青城山山地黄壤因受地形影响,发育程度不一致,致使青城山山地黄壤在体现区域大循环的同时,又表现出其独特的区域小循环。     

Electromagnetic waves in remote sensing

Due to the advance of space-home remote sensing technology in recent decades, the transition from data to information of the earth environment has become of great importance. Interaction of electromagnetic waves with the earth environment should be well modeled and applied to information retrieval. The most important advances of po--larimetrie scattering for SAR imagery and vector radiative transfer theory for scattering and emission of natural media are briefly presented. Some examples from the SAR SIR-C and DMSP SSM/I observations and information inversions are demonstrated. Some key points for future research are discussed.     

制备方法对稀土Gd掺杂SnO2/Sb电催化电极性能的影响

分别采用浸渍法、 溶胶-凝胶法, SnCl₄·5H₂O, Sb ₂O₃ Gd(NO₃)₃为 原料, 制备了稀土Gd掺杂SnO₂/Sb涂层电催化电极. 以苯酚为目标有机物, 考 察了电极的电催化氧化性能, 初步探讨了电极结构与电催化特性之间的关系. 采用SEM, XRD, XPS和EDX等手段对不同方法制备电极的表面形貌、 晶体结构、 电极表面涂层的 元素化学结合态及元素组成进行了表征与分析. 结果表明, 溶胶-凝胶法制备的电极为纳 米涂层电极, 表面裂纹较少, 晶体发育完全, 有利于SnO₂, Gd₂ O₃和 吸附氧的表面聚集, 进而提高了电催化电极的性能.     

聚合条件对载体催化剂催化性能的影响(Ⅰ)

研究了聚合条件对载体稀土催化剂催化性能的影响,发现聚合物的分子量、聚合物转化率、聚合物的微观结构均随反应条件不同而呈现规则变化。