铝合金表面有色钛/锆转化膜的成膜机理及性能

为了解决工业生产中钛/锆转化膜无色的问题,通过向含钛/锆的处理液中加入单宁酸及成膜促进剂,在铝合金表面制备了有色钛/锆转化膜.采用X射线能谱仪、扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪和电化学工作站对转化膜的形成过程、形貌、组织结构、耐蚀性等进行了分析.结果表明:在铝合金表面成功制备出了金黄色、耐蚀性优异的转化膜,其主要成分是Na3AlF6,其次是单宁酸水解产物的金属络合物以及少量Al2O3.3H2O、TiO2等;膜的形成可分为Na3AlF6晶体成核、生长和金属络合物的沉积3个阶段;转化膜的腐蚀电流密度由基体的5.894μA/cm2下降到0.283μA/cm2,耐蚀性明显提高.     

AZ40镁合金的腐蚀图像识别及腐蚀行为分析

应用计算机图像识别技术研究了AZ40镁合金在模拟海水介质中的腐蚀行为。采用中值滤波、直方图均衡化方法对腐蚀图像进行预处理,通过数学形态学分析和小波分析提取了3个腐蚀图像特征参数：灰度分布方差、二值图像前景面积和能量特征参数用于全面、准确地描述镁合金的腐蚀行为。研究结果表明：腐蚀介质破坏镁合金表面自然氧化膜使腐蚀阻力减小;腐蚀由局部腐蚀开始快速扩展至全部区域;腐蚀产物堆积较慢,短时间不能为合金提供有效的保护,但随着较长时间的堆积则可增大腐蚀阻力,对合金产生一定的保护作用。     

Electromagnetic modification of faceted-faceted Ni<Subscript>31</Subscript>Si<Subscript>12</Subscript>-Ni<Subscript>2</Subscript>Si eutectic alloy

In an electromagnetic field, the morphology of a binary faceted-faceted (FF) Ni31Si12-Ni2Si eutectic microstructure and the alloy’s mechanical properties were investigated. Hardness experiments demonstrated that the solidified ingots were significantly strengthened, and the hardness was improved to 63.1 and 786.6 on the Rockwell hardness C and Vickers hardness scales, respectively. Tests of friction and wear in stirred FF eutectic alloys showed excellent anti-fatigue and anti-adhesion wear performance. Alloy changed from an anomalous microstructure to a refined quasi-regular structure, and there was an increase in the lamellar microstructure fraction. The formation process of the refined quasi-regular microstructure and the resulting mechanical properties were investigated.     

Catalytic oxidation of phenol in wastewater-A new application of the amorphous Fe78Si9B13 alloy

The amorphous Fe78Si9B13 alloy was used as a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst in the process of phenol degradation.The influences of main operating parameters such as reaction temperature,catalyst amount,hydrogen peroxide dosage and initial pH of solution on phenol degradation rate were investigated.The maximum mineralization of phenol was achieved at 60°C,6 g/L Fe78Si9B13, 0.31 mol/L hydrogen peroxide,with an initial pH of 2.5.More than 99%of phenol was completely removed under the optimum conditions within 10 min for a solution containing 1000 mg/L of phenol.Batch experiments for solutions containing phenol con- centrations ranging from 50 to 2000 mg/L were investigated under the above conditions and the same excellent degradation rate was obtained.The Fe78Si9B13 showed better catalytic activity than iron powder and Fe 2+ .Addition of n-butannol(hydroxyl radical scavenger)decreased the degradation rate of phenol,which demonstrates that hydroxyl radicals were mainly responsible for the removal of phenol.We demonstrated that phenol may be degraded by hydroxyl radicals decomposed by hydrogen peroxide on the surface of Fe78Si9B13 and illustrated the reaction mechanism for this process.This amorphous alloy exhibited high stability in recycling experiments and showed excellent reuse performance even after continuous operations of 8 cycles.     

浅析钛及钛合金产业现状及青海省发展对策

本文介绍和分析了我国钛精矿及利用现状,我国钛及钛合金熔炼（铸锭）、加工概况,在此基础上提出了加快青海省钛及钛合金产业发展的对策：（1）编制青海省钛及钛合金产业发展规划;（2）加快青海省钛及钛合金产业科技创新体系建设;（3）制定优惠政策,积极引进一批钛材加工科技型中小企业,增强青海省钛及钛合金产业发展的综合实力.     

水生珍稀濒危植物——云贵水韭在贵州分布的新纪录

云贵水韭隶属水韭科唯一现存的孑遗属,中国珍稀濒危特有植物,仅分布于云南寻甸、昆明近郊及贵州省平坝。相关研究资料表明,目前分布于云南省的几个野生种群已消失,贵州省平坝县东郊城关林场的砂石冲可能是我国唯一仅存的云贵水韭野生种群分布点。此次在红枫湖调查所发现的云贵水韭新种群,属在贵州分布的新纪录,对云贵水韭这一珍稀濒危物种多样性保护具有重大意义。     

稀土元素掺杂TiO2光催化剂的改性及其性能和结构的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了稀土铽掺杂的纳米TiO2陶瓷光催化剂.研究了不同掺杂比例的铽（0.025%、0.05%、0.1%、0.15%、0.2%、0.25%、0.3%、0.35%）对二氧化钛催化活性的影响.污染水样的COD测试结果表明,掺杂铽的比例为0.15%时,TiO2的催化剂性能最好,COD去除率达90.9%.XRD结果表明铽掺杂纳米二氧化钛的主要晶型为锐钛矿.BET结果表明其催化活性与比表面积成正相关.     

全球海面简单高效实现技术研究

在数字地球上模拟海面,是数字地球可视化以及海洋仿真的重要需求之一。利用屏幕细分自适应算法对海面网格进行计算,并在GPU中处理其网格点相应的坐标转换和计算,大大减少了对CPU的占用率。在可视范围内,对海面网格进行实时的优化处理,提高了效率,满足数字地球相关仿真系统对海面仿真的需求。在解决海洋和陆地分离显示上,提出了一种简单的设置透明度的实现方法,既满足了现实需要,也大大提高了使用效率。     

ZrO_2对nNaF·AlF_3-Al_2O_3-CaF_2熔盐体系密度的影响

根据阿基米德定律,测定了nNaF·AlF3-Al2O3-CaF2-ZrO2熔盐体系的密度,并研究了温度、ZrO2质量分数和NaF与AlF3物质的量比对体系密度的影响.结果表明,密度随着温度的升高和NaF与AlF3物质的量比的降低明显减小.在温度为980℃时,2.4NaF·AlF3-3%Al2O3-3%CaF2(质量分数,下同)电解质密度和ZrO2(0~5%)质量分数之间存在线性关系,即随着ZrO2质量分数的升高,电解质密度增加,线性方程为ρt(g·cm-3)=0.028 44.w(ZrO2)+2.045(r=0.9992).在所研究范围内,当电解质中加入ZrO2时,每增加1%ZrO2,密度相应...