铁路货物空车调配研究综述

从理论上对铁路空车调配问题进行研究并构建数学模型,以此求解最优的空车调配方案,对提高铁路货物运输服务质量和铁路企业运营效益等具有重要的意义。文章是对铁路货物空车调配研究的综述,归纳并分析铁路空车调配的研究历程及国内外对此问题研究的现状,在分析存在问题的基础上提出了研究方向。     

高速铁路钢轨焊接区不平顺的动力效应及其安全限值研究

应用车辆–轨道耦合动力学理论及其仿真分析软件TTISIM,研究了钢轨焊接区低塌不平顺对轮轨动力响应的影响特征,分析了高速行车条件下典型焊接区低塌不平顺波长和幅值对轮轨动力响应的影响规律,在此基础上,提出了高速铁路钢轨焊接区不平顺幅值的安全限值.分析结果表明:钢轨焊接区不平顺会导致明显的轮轨冲击效应,且该冲击作用由短波不平顺所控制;高速行车条件下,轮轨动力响应随着焊接区不平顺波长的增大而减小,随行车速度和不平顺幅值的增大而增大,其中,轮重减载率指标受不平顺波长和幅值的影响更为显著,为钢轨焊接区不平顺作用下行车安全性的首要控制指标;高速行车条件下,钢轨焊接区不平顺幅值的安全限值随行车速度的增大而减小,随不平顺波长的增大而增大,叠合形不平顺幅值的安全限值受短波不平顺(波长小于0.2 m)波长和幅值的影响较大;在200~250 km/h行车速度等级,1 m直尺测量矢度条件下,余弦形低塌不平顺幅值的安全限值为0.82 mm,叠合形低塌不平顺在1 m长波幅值为其作业验收限值0.3 mm时,其短波不平顺幅值的最大安全限值为0.2 mm,叠合形不平顺幅值总的安全限值最大为0.5 mm;在250~350 km/h行车速度等级,1 m直尺测量矢度条件下,余弦形低塌不平顺幅值的安全限值为0.62 mm,叠合形低塌不平顺在1 m长波幅值为其作业验收限值0.2 mm时,其短波不平顺幅值的最大安全限值为0.14 mm,钢轨焊接区叠合形低塌不平顺幅值总的安全限值最大为0.34 mm.研究结果可为高速铁路钢轨顶面焊接区不平顺的养护维修管理提供理论参考.     

Predictive models for influence of primary delays using high-speed train operation records

Primary delays are the driving force behind delay propagation, and predicting the number of affected trains (NAT) and the total time of affected trains (TTAT) due to primary delay (PD) can provide reliable decision support for real-time train dispatching. In this paper, based on real operation data from 2015 to 2016 at several stations along the Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway, NAT and TTAT influencing factors were determined after analyzing the PD propagation mechanism. The eXtreme Gradient BOOSTing (XGBOOST) algorithm was used to establish a NAT predictive model, and several machine learning methods were compared. The importance of different delayinfluencing factors was investigated. Then, the TTAT predictive model (using support vector regression (SVR) algorithms) was established based on the NAT predictive model. Results indicated that the XGBOOST algorithm performed well with the NAT predictive model, and SVR was the optimal model for TTAT prediction under the verification index (i.e., the ratio of the difference between the actual and predicted value was less than 1/2/3/4/5 min). Real operational data in 2018 were used to test the applicability of the NAT and TTAT models over time, and findings suggest that these models exhibit sound applicability over time based on XGBOOST and SVR, respectively.     

特殊故障特殊修理的串联可修系统的可靠性

根据目前世界经济发展的新特点,提出了可修系统中一个具有实际意义的模型：特殊故障特殊修理的可修系统。利用概率分析和补充变量方法求得了系统的可靠性指标。     

高分子合金修补剂及修补技术的应用

本文简要介绍了高分子合金修补剂的修补机理及具体修补技术。     

软磁盘数据的挽救

探讨了一种通过低级编程直接读写软磁盘的基本数据单元修复损坏的软磁盘的方法.     

铁路罐车评定检验的问题及处理

铁路罐车综合技术评定检验的项目多，难度大。针对其特点，对检验中的应力腐蚀、裂纹的产生及检查、应力测试、化学成分分析等问题进行了讨论。     

应急电力修复系统的决策研究

基于层次分析及其最短路方法为应急电力修复系统提供了决策,即运用层次分析方法,对用电单位重要性及其影响人数进行量化,对请求修复客户进行排序;运用最短路方法,得到最佳修复路线.为电力公司制定切实有效的电力修复策略提供可靠的依据.     

High speed railway promoting development of low carbon economy in China

Low-carbon Economy is a kind of economic developing mode which takes low energy consumption,low pollution and low discharge as its foundation. It is another important revolution of the human society after the agriculture civilization and industry civilization. It deals with various fields including low-carbon energy,low-carbon agriculture,low-carbon industry,low-carbon transportation and low-carbon life,etc. Among those,low-carbon transportation is one of the important contents. Since high speed railway uses electricity as driving force,it runs without discharging waste gas,and it is a kind of clean and green transportation with little dust and smoke black. Therefore,the study of the relationship between the high speed railway and low-carbon economy is becoming one of the important frontier problems that confronting the theoretic circle. With demonstration analysis and comparative analysis,this paper discusses the comparative advantages of high speed railway in terms of energy saving and environment protection,treatment of sound pollution,land saving and reduction of external cost(mainly pollution treatment cost) ,etc. compared with the other transportation modes and ordinary railway. Taking Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway as an example,the paper further demonstrates the distinctive advantages in respect of energy conservation and emission reduction. Besides,the paper also predicates the low-carbon effects after several high speed railways is put into operation in a few years. It is concluded that the development of high speed railways will meet the need of low-carbon economy and is significant for sustainable and steady development of economy and society.     

分布式视频编码中量化失真和LDPC编解码失真的优化

针对分布式视频编码中的量化失真和LDPC（Low Density Parity Check）编解码失真问题,提出了基于边缘分类的DCT（Discrete Cosine Transform）系数重组和基于边缘Hash的子块修复方案.首先根据子块边缘方向的不同,WZ （Wyner-Ziv）帧子块被分成3类,对不同类型的子块,其DCT系数采用不同的扫描方式并重组,使较大的DCT系数被组合在一起,减小了交流系数的量化步长.同时,把子块边缘信息作为Hash信息,指导WZ帧LDPC解码出错的子块的修复.最后,通过实验证实了提出的方法能使高量化等级下编码器的PSNR（Peak Signal to Noise Ratio）性能增益达到0.5 dB左右.