曲杏壳制备炭膜支撑体

以杏壳为原料，通过碳化法制备了碳膜支撑体，利用泡压法表征了支撑体的孔径分布。对杏壳原料进行预碳化、粉碎、筛分得到碳粉，将碳粉和添加剂混匀挤出成型得到支撑体原膜，经干燥、碳化得到无缺陷碳膜支撑体。实验结果表明，粘结剂用量增加会导致支撑体平均孔径变小，纯水能量减小。随着原料颗粒的减小支撑体平均孔径减小，纯水能量下降。     

What can we learn from the fifties?

Economists have increasingly elicited probabilistic expectations from survey respondents. Subjective probabilistic expectations show great promise to improve the estimation of structural models of decision making under uncertainty. However, a robust finding in these surveys is an inappropriate heap of responses at “50%,” suggesting that some of these responses are uninformative. The way these 50s are treated in the subsequent analysis is of major importance. Taking the 50s at face value will bias any aggregate statistics. Conversely, deleting them is not appropriate if some of these answers do convey some information. Furthermore, the attention of researchers is so focused on this heap of 50s that they do not consider the possibility that other answers may be uninformative as well. This paper proposes to take a fresh look at these questions using a new method based on weak assumptions to identify the informativeness of an answer. Applying the method to probabilistic expectations of equity returns in three waves of the Survey of Economic Expectations in 1999–2001, I find that: (i) at least 65% of the 50s convey no information at all; (ii) it is the answer most often provided among the answers identified as uninformative; (iii) but even if the 50s are a major contributor to noise, they represent at best 70% of the identified uninformative answers. These findings have various implications for survey design.     

草原退化过程中植物功能群数量特征的变化

本研究以内蒙古高原东部克鲁伦河流域的放牧退化草原作为研究对象，在植物功能群划分的基础上，比较不同类别功能群在放牧梯度上的垂直分异和地上生物量的空间分布。结果显示：在中度放牧条件下，水分生态型功能群和种子传播类型功能群的植物生长较好；在轻牧区，生活型功能群的物种高度最大；生育型功能群中，匍匐型植物随着放牧强度的增加而减少。地上生物量的分布而言，植物水分生态型功能群中，旱生植物在中度和轻度放牧区占有绝对优势地位，强旱生植物在强度放牧区优势明显；植物生活型功能群中，多年生草本植物在不同放牧强度下都占有明显优势；生育型功能群中，丛生型植物在中度和轻度放牧区分布较广，重度放牧区中鳞茎植物占优势；从种子传播类型功能群来看，重力传播方式的植物在重度放牧区占绝对优势主。在中度放牧条件下草原群落的物种多样性最高。     

MIMIC算法在非线性多约束机械优化问题中的应用

将双变量相关的分布估计算法与惩罚函数法相结合,用于解决机械工程上非线性多约束优化设计问题.算法对每一次迭代寻优后的变量进行保留,建立概率模型,通过正态分布发生函数对变量重新取值,并采用惩罚函数来处理变量约束条件.仿真结果表明,该算法能有效防止早熟收敛,提高算法的全局搜索能力,具有较好的应用前景.     

数理统计方法在人体比例测定中的应用

提出并检验了双臂侧平举时人体从一支手尖到另一个肩关节的长度与两支手的手尖之间的长度之比依正态分布期望为０６１８     

Geographical distributions and host associations of larval parasitoids of frugivorous Drosophilidae in Japan

In Japan, dominant parasitoids attacking frugivorous Drosophilidae species were Asobara (Braconidae, Alysiinae), Leptopilina, and Ganaspis species (Figitidae, Eucoilinae). Asobara japonica was found throughout Japan, and its populations in the main islands of Japan were parthenogenetic whereas those in the subtropical islands were sexually reproducing. Other parasitoids showed rather restricted distributions; A.tabida, A. rossica, A. rufescens, and Leptopilina heterotoma occurred mainly in northern to central parts of the main islands, Ganaspis xanthopoda from central to southern parts of the main islands, A. leveri in a southern part of the main islands, and A. pleuralis, L. victoriae, and Ganaspis sp. mainly in the subtropical islands. Their major hosts were species of the D. melanogaster species group in the main islands, and species of the D. melanogaster, immigrans, and polychaeta species groups in the subtropical islands. Host use considerably varied among parasitoid species, especially in the subtropical islands.     

从“附注”管窥贝叶斯推理

资料显示,来自Fisher的批评以及诸如皮尔森、杰弗里斯等的论证已经曲解了作为非充分性理由要求的贝叶斯论证。重新审视托马斯·贝叶斯的著名附注(注释)中他为未知概率的先验均匀分布给出的辩护理由,发现被指控的原理性缺陷,在原贝叶斯文献中是不存在的。研究认为,真正的"贝叶斯推理"与早期的批评者和评论者对之的转述相比较差异很大,在逻辑上更接近于现代意义上对该概念的理解。     

浅谈大型民用建筑中供配电系统的设计

阐述了大型民用建筑中供配电系统的设计问题,包括变配电所的设计、负荷的计算、无功功率的补偿、高(低)压配电系统的设计及短路电流的计算。     

SiO脉泽源在银河系中的分布和空间运动

通过对日本野边山射电天文台45m望远镜探测到的453颗SiO脉泽源的相关数据进行分析和处理，研究了SiO脉泽源在银河系中的分布和运动学特征。     

基于密切值法边缘检测效果的一种定量评价方法

一个定量的、可行的边缘检测效果评价方法对各种算法的评估有重要意义,文中在边缘检测效果评价问题中引入了密切值法,以经典算法作为标尺,通过计算待评价算法和各常用的检测算子所得数据的密切值,提出了一种定量评价检测效果的方法。密切值法计算复杂度低,且未将图像真实边缘作为已知条件,易于实现,因此在对图像边缘检测算法进行预估时,是一种可行的方法。