微型流动注射化学发光仪测定蔬菜中残留的有机磷农药

目的利用便携式流动注射化学发光仪和紫外降解装置,检测蔬菜中残留的有机磷农药。方法过硫酸钾在紫外光的催化下能将有机磷降解为无机磷,无机磷在酸性条件下可以和钒酸盐、钼酸盐反应生成具有氧化性的磷钼钒杂多酸,可直接氧化鲁米诺产生强而稳定的化学发光信号;根据发光强度与磷的浓度在一定范围内呈线性关系,从而实现有机磷农药的定量测定。结果测定磷的检出限为1.0×10-10g/mL,线性范围为1.0×10-9~3.0×10-6g/mL,对浓度为2.0×10-7g/mL的磷平行测定11次,相对标准偏差为2.1%;当青菜中有机磷农药的添加浓度为1.00 mg/kg和2.00 mg/kg时,方法回收率在89.5%~113.5%之间。结论此方法简便快捷、准确可靠,实现了检测仪器的自动化和微型化,为市售蔬菜中有机磷农药残留的现场检测奠定了基础。     

Impact of dissolved humic acid on the bioavailability of acenaphthene and chrysene assessed by membrane-based passive samplers

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is known to reduce the bioavailability of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in aqueous environments. This reduction occurs as a result of adsorption to DOC, apparently reducing the freely dissolved concentration of HOCs. In the present study, triolein-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (TECAM) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were used to measure the uptake of acenaphthene and chrysene in the presence of commercial humic acid (HA) at different concentrations (0―15 mg C·L-1) under controlled laboratory conditions. Apparent uptake rate constants for PAHs in TECAM and medaka were compared and DOC-water partition coefficients (KDOCs) of two PAHs were calculated with different sampling methods by model fit. Results showed that HA present in water significantly reduced the uptake of PAHs in TECAM and medaka. The obtained values of log KDOC of acenaphthene and chrysene measured by TECAM were 4.63 and 5.83, respectively, whereas biologically determined values were 4.52 and 5.76, respectively. These log KDOC values were comparable to earlier published KDOCs toward commercial HA, thereby indicating that TECAM accumulated only the freely dissolved fraction of chemicals and uptake PAHs in a manner similar to that of fish. All these results suggested that the TECAM method can provide a good means for assessing the impact of DOC on bioavailability of PAHs in the aqueous environment.     

Visible light photocatalytic decoloration of methylene blue on novel N-doped TiO2

Novel N-doped TiO2 (denoted as N-NTA600) was prepared by treating nanotube titanic acid (NTA) in NH3 flow. Its visible light photocatalytic activity,evaluated by decoloration reaction of methylene blue,is higher than that of N-P25(600) prepared by treatment of P25-TiO2 in the same condition. It is suggested that the origin of visible-light photocatalytic activity is single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancy (Vo·) modified by chemisorbed NO.     

L-乳酸米根霉发酵条件优化研究

运用正交试验设计理论,对高产L-乳酸突变株NAF-032的最佳摇瓶发酵条件进行了研究,确定了最佳的发酵培养基和发酵条件.最佳发酵培养基为(g/L):葡萄糖160,氯化铵2,KH2PO4 0.3,MgSO4·7H2O 0.25,ZnSO4·7H2O 0.08.最佳培养条件为:34℃,摇床转速200 r/min,250 mL三角瓶装培养液50 mL,一次性添加CaCO380 g/L用于调节pH值.在最适发酵条件下,米根霉NAF-032的摇瓶发酵产L-乳酸产量达123.3 g/L.     

PIC单片机在产品开发中程序设计的探讨

对PIC单片机在产品开发中的程序设计进行了分析,并详细讨论了PIC单片机程序计数器(PC)和串口中断数据接收处理程序的设计,对后者给出了部分程序和流程图.     

太极拳对中老年女性生理指标影响的研究

探讨长期有规律的太极拳运动对中老年女性生理指标的影响。对27名参加太极拳运动的55-65岁的中老年女子在练习前、练习6个月后的生理指标进行了测试,实验结果表明:长期太极拳运动后,中老年女性的体成分得以有效的改善,表现于体成分指标中体重、身体脂肪含量、体脂百分比、腰臀脂肪比率各项指标均有显著性变化;安静状态下心率、血压呈显著性下降,说明太极拳能够提高中老年女性的心血管系统的机能,推迟心脏衰退老化的过程。     

酸化油固定床酶法合成生物柴油研究

以固定化的假丝酵母酶为催化剂，在三段式固定床反应器内，醇油摩尔比为1：1，采用分级流加甲醇的方式，将高酸值的酸化油转化为生物柴油，探讨了酶量、溶剂量、水量、温度、反应液流速等与产物中甲酯含量的关系。正交实验结果表明，反应的最适条件为酶用量、溶剂量、水量分别为油重的15％、10％、10％，反应液流速为0.8g·min^-1，温度为45℃，在此条件下，产物中甲酯含量达到了90．18％。     

微溶弱酸盐在纯水中溶解度的计算

本文研究了微溶弱酸盐的溶度积及弱酸的离解常数对微溶弱酸盐在纯水中溶解度的影响，分三种情况讨论了微溶弱酸盐溶解度的近似计算方法。     

异丙醇-环己烷双液系标准曲线的拟合研究

对异丙醇-环己烷完全互溶双液系的标准曲线,在常温常压下为稍弯曲的曲线而非直线进行了探讨.结果表明,是由于溶液中2物质混合后的偏摩尔体积与纯物质的摩尔体积不同所致,并且组成的表示方式不同,拟合结果的线性相关系数不同.提出在使用标准曲线法时,应选择合适的组成表示方式使线性相关系数接近于1,以提高测未知液组成的准确度.