Isotope chronological trace of granite gravel in Hefei Basin

The discovery of granite gravel in Hefei Jurassic backland basin, which came from the Dabie Shan or North Huaiyang, has a great significance for probing into uplift and exhumation of the Dabie orogenic belt. Lithochemical and isotope chronological analyses on the granite gravel in the Sanjianpu Formation and the Fenghuangtai Formation in Jinzhai County prove that post-orogenic granite was developed in the major provenance of the Hefei Basin; that is, Dabie Shan or North Huaiyang. Discordant lower intersection point age of zircon U-Pb of granite gravel is about 214 Ma, and⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age of muscovite about 196 Ma, K-Ar age of K-spar about 181 Ma. The former is the diagenetic age of the sample, and the latter two represent the sealed ages of muscovite and K-spar respectively. The age of sedimentary rocks in which a lot of granite gravels appear in the sedimentary section may represent the newest age of the exhumation of the granite body, so we assume that the age is 166 Ma. Therefore, we calculated the uplift rates of the granite body from Late Triassic to early Middle Jurassic; that is about 0.08 km/Ma and 0.4–0.3 km/Ma in the early slowly uplifting stage and later fast uplifting stage respectively, after the formation of the body at 214 Ma. These results are basically identical to the uplifting ages of the Dabie ultrahigh pressure metamorphic (UHPM) belt and the North Huaiyang thrust belt.     

松辽盆地南部两井东-木头南地区扶余油层物源分析

通过岩芯观察描述以及分析化验资料的综合分析,从重矿物组合、砂岩厚度及砂地比平面分布、沉积微相以及垂向厚砂体追踪等方面对物源方向进行了判断。研究表明:松辽盆地南部两井东-木头南地区扶余油层存在西南保康沉积体系和南部长春怀德沉积体系。并对每个沉积体系的影响范围和强度变化进行了综合分析和厘定。古物源与沉积体系具有良好的空间配置关系,决定了松辽盆地两井东-木头南地区扶余油层的沉积体系分布格局。沉积物源的研究将有助于油气勘探的部署。     

川西拗陷的沉降与龙门山的崛起

文章从川西拗陷中生代陆源碎屑岩的物源研究入手,探讨了龙门山推覆构造的活动历史。根据大量的砾石统计、古水流测量、碎屑成分和所含化石的详细鉴定,确定了中生代不同时期碎屑岩的母岩来源、时代、水流方向和大地构造背景,并推演龙门山的崛起与川西拗陷的关系。     

Clay mineral composition and their sources for the fluvial sediments of Taiwanese rivers

Located at the collision boundary between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Continental Plate,the island of Taiwan is generally recognized as an important example in the MARGINS Program Science Plan and source-to-sink research because of its high tectonic activity,heavy rainfall and unique geography.Large suspended sediment loads are transported to the adjacent ocean by Taiwanese rivers every year,making Taiwan an important source of sediments into the adjacent seas and a natural laboratory for studying the systemic movement of fluvial sediments from source to sink.A detailed study on the clay mineral composition of surface sediments collected from the drainage basins of 12 Taiwanese rivers using X-ray diffraction methods was conducted.Our results indicated that the clay mineral assemblages consisted dominantly of illite(approximately 73%) and chlorite(approximately 24%),with lesser abundances of kaolinite(approximately 3%) and even lower levels of smectite from the Danshuei River sediments in northwestern Taiwan.The Jhuoshuei River sediments from western Taiwan contained clay mineral assemblages that consisted of illite(approximately 75%) and chlorite(approximately 25%),but they lacked kaolinite and smectite.In southwestern Taiwan,the clay mineral assemblages were dominated by illite(approximately 75%) and chlorite(approximately 23%),but had a low abundance of kaolinite(generally < 2%) and no smectite.The clay mineral assemblages in eastern Taiwan are obviously different from those in western parts of the island.The most noticeable difference is that the average abundance of chlorite in the Hualien River from eastern Taiwan was the highest(approximately 48%) of all the Taiwanese rivers.We concluded that,in general,the clay mineral assemblages in Taiwanese rivers were mainly composed of illite and chlorite with kaolinite and smectite being scarce,and these trends are different from those in China’s mainland rivers.The clay mineral composition shown in this study was primarily determined by the properties of the bedrock,and the differential weathering intensities of the drainage area.The surface sediments in Taiwan’s rivers showed a greater abundance of illite and chlorite because the outcropped rocks were mainly composed of Tertiary sedimentary rocks,especially sandstone,shale and slate,and show strong physical weathering.The relatively high relief and more abundant rainfall also caused the clay minerals in the fluvial sediments to be transported to the estuaries down rivers from the mountains and then delivered to the adjacent seas by currents and waves over a shorter time scale.     

川西地区中侏罗统沙溪庙组砂岩地球化学特征及构造意义

沉积盆地中砂岩的地球化学成分主要受物源区控制,因此通过对砂岩化学成分的分析可以揭示盆地沉积物的源区构造背景及物源属性。为了深入探讨川西坳陷中侏罗统沙溪庙组的物源及其源区属性,对研究区的稀土元素、微量元素地球化学特征进行系统的分析。应用稀土元素La/Yb-∑REE、微量元素La/Th-Hf和La/Sc-Co/Th源岩属性判断图解以及微量元素构造背景判别图解,对研究区物源及其源区属性进行了深入的讨论。结果表明:根据研究区上、下沙溪庙组地球化学特征,认为上、下沙溪庙组具有相同的物源;通过对稀土元素及微量元素特征值及比值的分析,认为该地区属于构造背景主要为大陆岛弧向活动大陆边缘转换的构造背景;沉积物物源的原始物质应主要来自上地壳,部分来自混合长英质/基性源;结合研究区周缘山系的属性分析,认为研究区在中侏罗世沙溪庙期同时受到了米仓山-大巴山及龙门山的物源的影响。     

高邮凹陷古近系戴南组戴一段物源分析

在分析了高邮凹陷戴南组沉积期构造和沉积背景的基础上,利用重矿物组合分析法、矿物成分分析法、砂岩质量百分含量法、地震反射波组形态分析法和古地貌分析法,对戴南组戴一段的物源进行了分析.认为高邮凹陷中东部戴南组戴一段北部物源来自于柘垛低凸起,存在4个主要物源,南部物源主要来自通扬隆起区以及东南部的吴堡低凸起,存在5个主要物源.在此基础上,编制了戴南组戴一段的沉积体系分布图.     

38年生马尾松种源生长及材性联合分析

【目的】通过分析已达成熟期的马尾松种源生长与材性变异,揭示不同性状在地理种源上的变异规律,并筛选适合在安徽省六安市及类似立地区域推广的速生且材质优良的纸浆材种源。【方法】以安徽省六安市裕安区国有林木良种场的38年生(成熟林)马尾松55个种源为试材,测定其胸径、树高、管胞长度及宽度、基本密度和微纤丝角,进行生长与材性联合分析。【结果】胸径、树高、材积、管胞长度、管胞宽度、微纤丝角和基本密度在种源水平上均差异极显著(P<0.01)。各性状表型变异系数、遗传变异系数分别为3.02%~58.61%、5.56%~28.16%;胸径、树高、材积、管胞长度、管胞宽度、基本密度和微纤丝角种源遗传力分别为0.665 7、0.558 9、0.616 9、0.996 3、0.965 6、0.739 3和0.823 3。相关性研究表明:生长性状与纬度呈显著负相关,与经度相关不显著;材性与经纬度均相关不显著,但表现出局部的变异规律;生长性状间相关性高于生长与材性间相关性;微纤丝角从髓心至树皮总体随着龄级的增大而减小,木材基本密度、管胞长和宽从髓心至树皮总体随着龄级的逐渐增大而增大,变化幅度随着龄级的增大而减小。通过综合指数选择出5个综合性状优良种源,其胸径、树高、材积、管胞长度与宽度、基本密度和微纤丝角平均遗传增益分别为3.69%、5.72%、15.12%、7.05%、-1.12%、0.17%和-6.46%。【结论】成熟林马尾松种源间差异显著,并且生长性状存在从南向北逐渐减小的变异规律,材性与经纬度不相关,对其进行纸浆材生长与材性联合选择具一定潜力,可为纸浆材马尾松良种选择提供可靠依据。     

山西袁家村组变沉积岩地球化学特征及构造意义

早元古宙袁家村组岩层是吕梁地区主要的含矿地层.对岩层样品进行元素地球化学组分测试,结果表明:主量元素以SiO₂为主,次为Al₂O₃,TFeO和K₂O,SiO₂的含量与其他主要氧化物负相关;LILE和HFSE明显富集;稀土元素配分曲线具明显右倾的特征,轻重稀土分馏明显,轻稀土富集强烈;Ce异常极弱,Eu异常变化范围较大.袁家村组地层属副变质岩,原岩以沉积岩为主,沉积过程中风化作用较弱.物源性质以高成熟度的上地壳长英质沉积物为主,沉积过程可能混入了少量含古老沉积物成分和安山质岛弧火成岩组分的岩石,沉积构造环境为被动大陆边缘.     

东营凹陷北带古冲沟古近系多物源沉积模式

利用地震反射结构、碎屑组分以及聚类分析等方法,提出东营凹陷北部陡坡带东部Y920古冲沟沙河街组沙四上亚段多物源叠加模式。研究结果表明:沙四上亚段沉积时期,Y920冲沟呈西陡东缓的不对称箕状构造形态。地震相呈东西分带的特点,冲沟西部发育楔形反射、东部发育前积反射、中部发育透镜状反射。冲沟内砂岩充填物的碎屑矿物组成在平面上具有明显的差异性,冲沟西部砂岩的石英含量低、岩屑含量高,岩屑以火成岩岩屑为主;冲沟东部,砂岩的长石和岩屑含量均较高,岩屑以变质岩岩屑为主;中部长石和石英含量较高,岩屑含量较低,含有较多的灰岩岩屑。Y920古冲沟存在3个方向的物源,分别为自北向南、沿冲沟长轴方向的北部物源以及来自冲沟西部和东部的短轴、侧向物源。冲沟西部发育近岸水下扇沉积,东部扇体以扇三角洲为主。     

清凉寺汝官窑和钧台钧官窑的起源

选取11个清凉寺窑汝官瓷,11个钧台窑钧官瓷的釉和胎样品进行中子活化分析,测定每个样品的36种微量元素的含量,将这些测量数据进行指纹元素分析,分别得到它们的胎和釉指纹元素散布图,以确定它们的起源关系.结果表明,清凉寺窑汝官瓷和钧台窑钧官瓷的胎、釉原料来源明显不同.汝官瓷和钧官瓷的胎釉料配方也是不同的,"钧汝不分"之说不适合于清凉寺汝官窑与钧台钧官窑.