Methodological foundations of systems methodologies

In social systems science generally, and in management science particularly, recent developments in the variety of types of specific problem-solving methodologies (under the rubric of hard and soft systems approaches) have given an impetus to a line of inquiry, as well as debate on the nature of those methodologies. On the one hand, there has been the view that what we are witnessing is a form of Kuhnian crisis. On the other hand, a complementarist view of developments has been argued and a contingency approach proposed. But one thing has been common among the competing views: a belief that the prospects for further advances in the design and application of those methodologies, and in resolving the current controversies, lie in serious attempts to reconsider and clarify the underlying metatheoretical assumptions and concerns. This paper is an attempt to contribute to such an endeavor. A brief exposition of three methodological foundations (namely, empiricism, hermeneutics, and critique) is made, not only with the purpose of highlighting the nature as well as the limits of their epistemological and ethical claims, but also as a basis for illuminating both the nature of contemporary work on systems inquiry, design, and problem solving and the ongoing debate on what constitutes appropriate criteria for choice of specific methodologies.     

Influence of bistramide A on the twitch tension in rat atrial heart muscle

Bistramide A, a new toxin isolated from the UrochordateLissoclinum bistratum Sluiter, was applied to rat auricular heart muscle bundles. At a stimulation frequency of 0.2 Hz, the toxin induces a dose-dependent reduction of the stimulated twitch tension force; it decreases and shortens the duration of the plateau and the slow repolarizing phase of the action potential. In the control solution, switching from a stimulation frequency of 0.2 Hz to 1 Hz decreases the force with which a positive potentiation develops either at a maintained high frequency or after switching from 1 Hz to 0.2 Hz. Bistramide A reduces both the force evoked at 1 Hz and the potentiation. The data suggest that Bistramide A blocks Na⁺ conductance; inhibits Ca⁺⁺ channels in a time-and frequency-dependent manner; reduces Na⁺–Ca⁺⁺ exchange activity; but does not modify the ability of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to be refilled although the rate of Ca⁺⁺ accumulation is decreased.     

具有多奇性的非线性热方程的定解问题

利用Kato类函数和Green胎紧函数的性质得到了具有多奇性的非线性热方程的初值问题和初边值问题．弱解的存在性．     

时间相关的含缺陷材料的流变破坏理论

含缺陷物体的与时间相关的失效过程是一个热力学开放的，远离平衡态的系统，失效过程中发生耗散结构的自组织现象，不同尺度上耗散结构的自相似性可供从微观过度到细观和宏观，基于缺陷演化过程国局域温度场和热磁效应的实验研究，从统一的宏、细、微观层次体系出发。研究了与时间相关的缺陷体的失效过程，结果表明。这个失效过程并非纯力学过程，其中的热力耦合和热磁效应不容忽略。     

平面布朗运动首中带形之分布

首中时是近代马氏过程的一个重要概念．作为强马氏过程的布朗运动，其首中某集的时间或位置的分布对于研究质点运动以及位势论中的Didchlet问题与平衡问题都有重要意义．球面的首中与末遇分布在六几年就已解决，1981年白苏华等在文献[1]给出了平面布朗运动首中椭圆的分布，本文用类似方法求出平面布朗运动首中带形之分布。     

求解极大极小问题的调节熵函数法的收敛性

对调节熵函数法的收敛性作了理论分析.     

弹性开孔平面问题的边界积分方程

由开孔平面边值问题的一般数学理论出发，建立了一组新型的边界积分方程为建立相应的边界元方法提供了理论基础。     

一类代数上的逻辑学（Ⅱ）

Ｚａｄｅｈ的复合命题演算方法（简称ＣＲＩ方法）虽然已被广泛采纳并在应用上取得了很大成功，然而ＣＲＩ方法至今尚未有严格的理论基础．本文在一类模糊公式代数Ｆ（Ｓ）上通过特殊的赋值方法为模糊取式（ＦｕｚｙＭｏｄｕｓＰｏｎｅｎｓ）与模糊拒取式（ＦｕｚｙＭｏｄｕｓＴｏｌｅｎｓ）建立了严格的逻辑基础．其中关于ＦＭＰ的一个结果不只是Ｚａｄｅｈ的ＣＲＩ方法相应结果的改进，而且也是首次把ＣＲＩ方法纳入了模糊逻辑的框架之中，沿此途径，进一步提出并研究了前提与结论之间的支持度与相似度的理论．     

我国烟叶可持续发展研究进展

本文阐述了国内外烟叶可持续发展概况，分析了我国烟叶可持续发展面临问题，提出了烟叶可持续发展对策必须从宏观战略、经济增长、烟叶市场、知识农业、栽培措施、科学技术六个方面加以考虑。     

一类多点边值问题的算法研究

针对一类拉普拉斯方程多点边值问题的数学计算方法进行了研究,构造出了一类差分格式。对该差分方法进行了误差分析,并给出了数值实验结果。