关于不定方程组9x~2－7y~2＝2，32y~2－9z~2＝23

利用不定方程ｘ２－Ｄｙ２＝Ｃ（Ｄ∈Ｎ，Ｃ∈Ｚ－｛０｝）的整数解的结构，给出了不定方程组９ｘ２－７ｙ２＝２，３２ｙ２－９ｚ２＝２３的所有正整数解的一个表达式．由这个表达式，经过初等计算，可得到该不定方程组的正整数解     

菲涅耳半波带法公式A_K=a_1/2±a_k/2中K值的范围

本文对在点光源照明情况下,用菲涅耳半波带法求考察点P合振幅的近似公式A_k=a_1/2±a_k/2中K值的适用范围进行了讨论,纠正了某些光学书籍中对K值范围加以限制的结论     

关于Gelfand模型的特征值

基于非线性紧算子的锥不动点定理，研究了广义的Ｇｅｌｆａｎｄ模型ｘ＂＋λｑ（ｔ）ｆ（ｘ）＝０（０＜ｔ＜１），ｘ（０）＝ｘ（１）＝０．在不假定ｆ单调的情况下，得出了上述问题存在正解的若干充分条件     

人造板挥发性有机物(VOCs)的研究

采用容积为0.0275m^3的环境气候箱对使用不同胶黏剂的麦秸刨花板、杨木刨花板以及添加了水溶性防腐剂硼酸铜的麦秸刨花板、杨木刨花板等进行挥发性有机物的气体采样,并利用气相色谱一质谱联用分析技术对人造板中挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行定性与定量研究,分析了刨花板有机挥发物的种类和浓度,通过22d浓度衰减试验分析了麦秸板挥发性有机物的散发趋势与规律。结果表明,原料、胶黏剂和防腐剂对挥发性有机物的种类和浓度有比较明显的影响;在一定环境条件(温度、湿度、装载度和换气量)下,麦秸板挥发性有机物的散发符合动态的气体散发规律。     

Cloning and roles of goldfish maternal factor β-Catenin cDNA in embryonic development

Interaction between nucleus and cytoplasm has been focused in the field of animal embryonic development, in which study of maternal factors is required positively. β-Catenin, an important maternal factor in early embryogenesis, has been analyzed in its expression pattern and functions in this paper. We have cloned goldfish β-Catenin cDNA gene and compared it with zebrafish β-Catenin cDNA. High homology was found in cDNA and in amino acid sequences between them, 93% (2227/2384 bp) and 98.5% (768/780 aa) respectively. The expression pattern of β-Catenin by in situ hybridization and the roles of β-Catenin on embryonic development by co-injection of anti-sense RNA and reporter gene, EGFP have been investigated in the whole process of goldfish embryonic development. The results suggest that β-Catenin presents dynamic distribution, mainly locates at body axis, dorsal tissues, head and tail structures after being fertilized. The loss of β-Catenin activity would cause serious destruction of embryo in dorsal tissues and in anteroposterior axes, and leads embryos to die before larva get hatched.     

Expression of nerve growth factor-like polypeptides and immunoreactivity related to the two types of neurotrophin receptors in earthworm tissues

Nerve growth factor (NGF) belongs by sequence homology to the neurotrophins, a family of proteins binding the same p75 receptor and closely related members of the Trk family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Fundamental in the vertebrate nervous system, neurotrophin signals have also been suggested as essential for relatively complex nervous systems occurring in invertebrate species that live longer than Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. Mammalian neurotrophins have been found to influence invertebrate neuronal growth. However, there are only a few data on the presence of molecules related to neurotrophin signalling components in invertebrates. Our studies provide evidence that analogues of neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors are expressed in Eisenia foetida earthworms. In particular, NGF-like and Trk-like immunoreactive proteins are both expressed in the nervous system, whereas p75-like positivity identifies tubular structures associated with dorsal pores that are involved in the earthworm response to mechanical irritation or stress. Received 12 November 2001; received after revision 8 January 2002; accepted 8 January 2002     

"软工程"战略与西北干旱半干旱区水资源的合理利用

在简述了西北干旱半干旱区水资源特点与问题的基础上,分析了水资源浪费的主要原因,提出了水资源合理利用的“软工程”战略及其具体措施,强调从改善水资源环境,建立节水型社会及治理水土流失等方面来利用与配置干旱半干旱区的水资源。     

CD1d and natural T cells: how their properties jump-start the immune system

Cellular and humoral immune mechanisms recruited to defend the host from infectious agents depend upon the early immune events triggered by antigen. The cytokine milieu within which the immune response matures is the most important of many factors that govern the nature of the immune response. Natural T cells, whose function is controlled by CD1d molecules, are an early source of cytokines that can bestow type 1 or type 2 differentiative potential upon helper T lymphocytes. This review attempts to illuminate the glycolipid antigen presentation properties of CD1d, how CD1d controls the function of natural T cells and how CD1d and natural T cells interact to jump start the immune system. CD1d is postulated to function as a sensor, sensing alterations in cellular lipid content by virtue of its affinity for such ligands. The presentation of a neo-self glycolipid, presumably by infectious assault of antigen-presenting cells, activates natural T cells, which promptly release pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and jumpstart the immune system. Received 10 July 2000; received after revision 16 October 2000, accepted 16 November 2000     

The neurotrophic factors in non-neuronal tissues

Although neurotrophic factors are defined as molecules that maintain neuronal cells, they possess a range of functions outside the nervous system. For example, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor is essential for ureteric branching in kidney morphogenesis and for regulating the fate of stem cells during spermatogenesis. Leukemia inhibitory factor, a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) ciliary neurotrophic factor family, inhibits differentiation of embryonic stem cells, induces tubulogenesis in the embryonic kidney, and regulates sperm differentiation. Other IL-6 family members are important in cardiac differentiation and they have pleiotropic functions in the hematopoietic and immune systems. Although neurotrophin receptors have been found on a number of non-neuronal tissues, they represent mostly truncated receptor isoforms that are incapable of signal transduction and may have scavenger or dominant negative functions. However, several examples can be presented of essential non-neuronal functions played by neurotrophins in e.g., cardiac, hair follicle, and vascular differentiation, and the maintenance of immune cells.     

Increased demyelination and axonal damage in metallothionein I+II-deficient mice during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Metallothioneins I+II (MT-I+II) are antioxidant, neuroprotective factors. We previously showed that MT-I+II deficiency during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) leads to increased disease incidence and clinical symptoms. Moreover, the inflammatory response of macrophages and T cells, oxidative stress, and apoptotic cell death during EAE were increased by MT-I+II deficiency. We now show for the first time that demyelination and axonal damage are significantly increased in MT-I+II deficient mice during EAE. Furthermore, oligodendroglial regeneration, growth cone formation, and tissue repair including expression of trophic factors were significantly reduced in MT-I+II-deficient mice during EAE. Accordingly, MT-I+II have protective and regenerative roles in the brain. Received 31 October 2002; received after revision 23 November 2002; accepted 26 November 2002 RID="*" ID="*"Corresponding author. M. Penkowa and C. Espejo contributed equally to this paper.