碳纳米管对聚苯乙烯分子运动的影响

利用DSC、流变仪和能量损耗仪等测试仪器,系统研究了碳纳米管加入到聚苯乙烯基体中后对不同长度聚苯乙烯分子链运动的影响.结果表明,碳纳米管加入到聚苯乙烯中后对聚苯乙烯的玻璃转变和液-液转变都产生了影响.碳纳米管的加入引起自由体积的增加只在一个很小的范围内影响了分子链段的运动,当质量分数为0.1%的碳纳米管加入时,链段运动速度增加,玻璃转变温度明显向低温方向移动;而由于范德华力的存在,高分子链会在碳纳米管表面选择吸附,从而使得整链运动时,参与运动的链单元尺寸降低,所以造成了整链运动时链间的耦合降低了.     

Tussah Silk Fibroin Porous Scaffolds Prepared with a Mild Self-assembly Process for Controlled Drug Release

Besides excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility,a useful tissue engineering scaffold should provide favorable surface properties,outstanding mechanical strength and controlled drug release property. In this paper,a mild process to prepare porous tussah silk fibroin（ TSF） scaffolds from aqueous solution was described. The n-butanol was used to control the self-assembly of tussah silk. The scaffolds with different TSF concentrations and the same volume showed differences in pore size and distribution. The maximum porosity of the poprepared porous scaffolds was 80% in this paper. And the pore size of the prepared porous scaffolds with different concentrations was between 10μm and 230 μm. X-ray diffraction（ XRD） analysis revealed that amorphous TSF was crystallized to β-sheet secondary structure upon gelatin. The TSF scaffolds for controlled drug release was studied and the result showed that the time of drug release was significantly longer. The produced TSF scaffolds with sustained drug release have potential application in tissue engineering.     

阳极氧化铝模板高有序孔的形成机理综述

阳极氧化铝模板法是合成纳米阵列材料的最常用的方法,然而有关氧化铝纳米孔的形成机理却没有达到统一的认识.利用26篇文献综述了氧化铝膜的理想结构和电场辅助的溶解模型、体积膨胀的应力模型、稳态孔的生长模型、临界电流的密度模型和梅花结构模型等5种不同的氧化铝纳米孔形成机理,最后对氧化铝模板的应用和发展前景提出了展望.     

Transient pressure analysis for the reactor core and containment of a HTGR after a primary loop pressure boundary break accident

The pressure variances in the reactor core and containment of a High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) after a primary loop pressure boundary break accident determine the structural integrity and safety of the reactor. Based on mass conservation, energy conservation and state equations, explicit formulae for the transient pressure and temperature variances in the pressure vessels were deduced, and a set of differential equations for the transient pressure and temperature variances in the containment were developed. Numerical simulation was also conducted to investigate the transient pressure and temperature variances in the pressure vessels and containment. The results show that energy transformation due to expansion work cannot be neglected. The maximum pressure in the containment could increase by 40 percent due to blockage caused by air in the containment. Detailed numerical simulations of the transient pressure and temperature variance in the reactor core flow passages were also conducted. The results show that the pressures acting on the reactor core and containment are below acceptable values.     

采用分支理论对急冷过程中多定态现象的研究

通过一个简单模型模拟了合金Pd82Si18的急冷过程,分析实验上难以测定的热传输指数对凝固过程中相关参数的影响.结果显示,当冷模温度足够慢地从900K下降到300K时,对应2.0×105～5.0×105W/(m2K)范围内的热传输指数,多定态现象发生.当多定态发生,冷模温度达到一个临界值时,固液界面上会产生剧烈的温度下降.随着该温度的突然下降,在液固界面上很可能会发生玻璃转变.     

烧结矿竖罐内气固传热过程数值模拟与优化

以某钢铁企业360 m~2烧结机年产390万t烧结矿为研究对象,建立了竖罐内气固传热过程的数学模型,模拟研究了影响竖罐内气固传热过程的主要因素及其影响规律,得到了竖罐适宜的操作参数.研究结果表明:随着气体表观流速的减小和空气进口温度的增加,烧结矿出口温度和空气出口温度均逐渐增加;烧结矿颗粒直径的减小导致烧结矿出口温度的降低和空气出口温度的增加.竖罐适宜的操作参数为:空气进口标况流量45.5万m~3/h,颗粒当量直径0.025 m,空气进口温度130℃.     

求解粘弹性饱和土隧道频域响应的DQEM

用微分求积单元法研究了粘弹性饱和土隧道的频域响应问题.首先,基于饱和多孔介质混合物理论,分别建立了频域内隧道耦合系统中粘弹性饱和土和粘弹性衬砌的控制方程,给出了耦合系统的边界条件以及饱和土和衬砌连接面上满足的连接条件.其次,发展了求解该耦合系统的微分求积单元法,利用微分求积单元法,在频率域内对耦合系统的数学模型进行了离散,并利用Newton-Raphson迭代法得到了系统的数值解.最后,对耦合系统的频域响应进行了分析,考察了参数的影响,同时也验证了数值方法的有效性.     

聚合物共混法制备超级电容器用多孔炭材料

以酚醛树脂为前驱体,以聚乙二醇为致孔剂,采用聚合物共混法制备超级电容器用中孔炭电极材料. 采用N2吸附法测试了炭材料的比表面积和孔结构参数. 采用恒流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等评价了其在1mol·L-1Et4NBF4/PC有机电解液中的电化学双电层电容性能. 结果表明,酚醛树脂和聚乙二醇等比例共混炭化制备的多孔炭的比表面积为618m2·g-1,中孔率为59.7%,比电容为32F·g-1,大电流性能和循环性能良好.     

玻璃与金属封接过程中气孔率和玻璃飞溅

通过测量不同工艺条件下玻璃绝缘子中的气孔率和最大气泡直径,以及观察底盘表面的玻璃飞溅情况,研究了熔封气氛、熔封温度、熔封时间、氧化膜类型和厚度对玻璃绝缘子中气孔率和玻璃飞溅的影响.结果表明,玻璃绝缘子中气孔率与可伐合金底盘表面的飞溅程度有一定的关系.可伐合金表面Fe3O4氧化物与玻璃中SiO2发生化学反应是玻璃绝缘子中气泡的一个重要来源,也是引起玻璃飞溅的因素.熔封气氛和氧化膜厚度对气孔率和玻璃飞溅影响最大.推荐的工艺条件是在可伐合金表面生成厚度约1μm的FeO氧化膜,然后与玻坯在950～980℃工厂条件的气氛中熔封30～40 min.     

Influence of B,Al and Nb addition on the glass forming ability and stability of mechanically alloyed Zr-Ni amorphous alloys

We investigated the influence of minor additions of B,Al and Nb that have representative atomic sizes on the glass forming ability (GFA) and stability of Zr-Ni amorphous alloys during mechanical alloying. The results show that the minor addition of B,Al or Nb does not shorten the initial time of the full amorphization reaction or improve the glass forming ability of the Zr-Ni alloys at a low rotation speed. However,B addition can effectively improve the mechanical stability of the amorphous phase against me...