陕西省非农人口分布的空间自相关特征分析

目的从全域和局域两个角度对陕西省非农人口分布的空间结构形态进行探讨。方法采用空间自相关分析方法。结果发现陕西省非农人口分布在整体上呈显著的空间正相关,而在关中、陕南、陕北3个区域则呈现不同的空间关联结构。结论分析方法能更清楚地揭示出陕西省非农人口的空间分布模式,即呈关中地区密度高,陕南和陕北地区密度较低的不平衡局面,同时,各区县非农人口密度大的区域和密度小的区域在空间上呈现一定的积聚性特征。     

Scanning for sisnatures of geosraphically restricted selection based on population genomics analysis

Natural selection, as the driving force of human evolution, has direct impact on population differentiation. However, it is still unclear to what extent the genetic differentiation has been caused by natural selection. To explore this question, we performed a genome-wide scan with single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） data from the International HapMap Project. Single locus FsTanalysis was applied to assess the frequency difference among populations in autosomes. Based on the empirical distribution of FsT, we identified 12669 SNPs correlating to population differentiation and 1853 candidate genes subjected to geographic restricted natural selection. Further interpretation of gene ontogeny revealed 121 categories of biological process with the enrichments of candidate genes. Our results suggest that natural selection may play an important role in human population differentiation. In addition, our analysis provides new clues as well as research methods for our understanding of population differentiation and natural selection.     

苍山洱海地区农田蜘蛛种群结构及优势种动态分析

报道了云南省大理苍山洱海地区农田蜘蛛16科40属59种,其中优势种有7种:星豹蛛Padorsa astrigera、拟环纹豹蛛P.pseudoannulata、黑微蛛Erigone atra、浅斑近微蛛Eperigone fredeorum、额高蛛Gnathonariumsp.、叉斑齿螯蛛Enoplognatha caricis和棒络新妇Nephila clavata.研究结果表明:随着季节的变化,优势种的种群结构呈现上下波动趋势.     

温度对激光场引起的纳米管声子增益影响

讨论了强激光场下单壁纳米管的声子增益效应. 采用含时微扰方法计算了不同温度下声子占据数随时间的变化率(声子增益系数). 计算结果表明,在强激光场下纳米管中的声子占据数随时间非线性增加,增益系数与温度和激光场强都有关系. 随着温度升高,声子增益系数迅速减小;在确定的温度情况下,激光场强越强,声子增益效应越明显,并对这个现象给出了合理的物理解释.     

苏南地区成年人群众体育现状的调查分析

从苏南地区成年人体育活动的价值观念、体育人口、体育活动内容、活动场所等方面进行分析,找出存在的规律,指导成年人进行体育健身,为构建群众体育健身服务体系的各项量化指标奠定基础。     

2010年常德市成年人体育人口现状分析

对常德市6 286名成年人的问卷调查结果显示:2010年常德市成年人体育人口比例为9.9%,且男性高于女性,城镇高于乡村;静态活动、轻家务劳动和散步是成年人主要的闲暇活动.体育人口比例较2005年低,其原因与体育人口判断标准和2010年调查问卷设计欠科学有关.     

Population structure and breeding biology of the hairy crab Pilumnus vespertilio (Fabricius, 1793) (Crustacea: Brachyura: Pilumnidae) in southern Mozambique

The population structure and reproduction of Pilumnus vespertilio were studied for the first time in Mozambique. Random samples of crabs were taken monthly from January to December 2002 from a pebble area of Inhaca Island, southern Mozambique. A clear sexual dimorphism was observed in the present population with males reaching greater sizes than females. Sex ratio was female‐biased, and the monthly size–frequency distributions were often bimodal. The annual reproductive cycle of Pilumnus vespertilio was continuous with peaks of breeding in summer. Results suggest that embryonic development may be synchronized within the population as a result of the very high reproductive activity observed in summer. Juveniles are recruited mostly in winter in the study area.     

清代皖西引种玉米甘薯史实及其检讨

明中叶后,美洲的玉米与甘薯越过大洋,先后来到中国安家落户,也走进皖西淮河、长江支流的一处处谷地和上游大别山区的高山腹地。玉米和甘薯是比较典型的旱粮作物,它们不太苛刻的种植条件带来了两种作物的极度扩张,从而为中国人的食物结构加进了新元素,从根本上改变了种植地民众食物不足的困境,尤其是解决了山区越冬食物不足和春荒的困难。但何炳棣"整体史学"的思维告诉我们,玉米和甘薯的引种,也带来了人口的激增;涌向山地的农民由于缺乏山地耕作的经验,又造成了水土流失和环境危急的日益严重。当然,只要能采取波伦式谨慎选择的态度,玉米和甘薯基本上是个好东西。历史的启示是,人类与自然之间只能走一条"共同进化"的路。     

安全态度改变与安全行为强化

企业职工对待安全的态度,是安全管理中的一个重要问题。本文着重研究安全态度转变的有关理论及强化职工安全行为的一些心理学方法。为了便于理解,在论述中尽可能结合煤矿安全管理中的一些实例予以说明。这些理论和方法对改进现场安全管理具有参考价值。     

临潼华清池,蓝田汤峪温泉中的细菌类群

本文对陕西省临潼华清池,蓝田汤峪两处温泉中的细菌,主要是异养菌,在好氧和厌氧条件下进行了分离和鉴定。从临潼华清池水样中分离出6株细菌,从蓝田汤峪水样中分离出19株细菌。这些细菌经过鉴定后,将它们分为10个属。并将其中的芽孢杆菌进行了种的鉴定。