关于乙烯、乙炔的亲电加成反应

本文避开热力学范畴,着眼于动力学因素,从碳原子杂化状态,电子屏蔽效应和中间体的稳定性等几方面探讨乙烯,乙炔的亲电加成反应活性问题,更全面,更本质地揭示了乙烯比乙炔亲电加成活性大的内在因素。     

按功率流向设计封闭式2KH齿轮机构

应用差动比三角结构图确定封闭式２Ｋ－Ｈ齿轮机构中功率的流向,据此可设计出不同要求,不同用途的齿轮组合机构。     

Inhibition of IgM antibody-mediated aggregation ofTrypanosoma gambiense in the presence of complement

This paper deals with the immune reaction betweenTrypanosoma gambiense and monoclonal IgM mouse antibody at equivalence with or without rabbit complement. Antibody-mediated trypanosome clumps formed in the absence of complement, and were readily dissociated by complement to become free. In the presence of complement, on the other hand,T. gambiense were not aggregated by the antibody. Free parasites adhered readily to cultured peritoneal macrophages. Complement-mediated dissociation of the clumped trypanosomes in the equivalence area released a large number of previously bound surface antigens. These antigens were capable of binding again to fresh IgM antibody. Experimental results further indicated that the complement system caused a functional alteration, changing the multivalent nature of the IgM antibody in the immune complex into a univalent one. This phenomenon is of great advantage to the infected host in clearing pathogens in vivo, as it allows more antibodies to attach to trypanosomes and subsequently initiate complement activity.     

Prins成环反应研究最新进展

Prins反应作为有机合成中一个经典的碳碳键构成方法，近来重新引起有机合成化学工作者的重视，尤其是分子内Prins成环反应具有非常大的合成价值，作者整理和总结了近几年来对该反应的文献报道，包括反应的催化体系、反应选择性、相关合成方法学、反应机理以及在复杂天然产物分子合成中的应用等多方面所取得的重要进展。     

手性联喹啉在不对称Friedel-Crafts反应中的应用研究

手性6,6'-二羟基-5,5'-联喹啉(BIQOL)作为一种具有C2对称轴的新型手性配体,为扩展其应用类型,首次报道了含有杂原子的BIQOL与Ti(OiPr)4络合形成的手性催化剂应用于乙醛酸乙酯对芳基胺化合物的不对称Friedel-Crafts烷基化反应中,在最优条件下得到了良好的对映选择性,获得了ee值为70.1%的产物4-(N,N-二甲基胺基)苯乙醇酸乙酯;同时,在反应中发现手性联喹啉在不与金属络合的情况下仍能得到少量的对映选择性,得到了ee值为14.6%的产物.     

念动训练法提高健美操教学的探讨

采用实验对比的方法，结合心理学原理，分对照组与实验组进行训练。心理学中的念动训练法对学习者的影响较大，对照组与实验组的差别较大，实验组的健美操动作掌握较好。     

并行遗传算法的新进展

并行遗传算法将并行计算机的高速并行性和遗传算法固有的并行性相结合 ,极大地提升了遗传算法的求解速度和质量 .在主从式、细粒度和粗粒度这三类遗传算法并行化模型中 ,粗粒度模型以其较小的通讯开销和对种群多样化 ,获得了最广泛的应用 .本文概括了基于模式定理和有限状态马尔可夫链的遗传算法理论 ,总结了前人在粗粒度模型下开展的理论分析和实践应用 ,并指出并行遗传算法的研究将向异步化 ,理论化和模型化的方向发展 ,而有限状态马尔可夫链是构建并行遗传算法可执行模型的有力工具.     

供应链中的时滞

研究供应链中时滞对长鞭效应的影响 .建立了供应链的多级库存控制系统模型 ,给出了其系统方框图及传递函数 ,求出了使整个供应链稳定的临界条件 .指出长鞭效应产生的原因是由于在系统时滞及系统增益的共同作用下使得供应链中各子系统产生衰减振荡或发散振荡的结果 .最后提出了减弱长鞭效应的四种方法.     

Lotka—Volterra自催化振荡模型分析

本文对Lotka—Volterra提出的自催化振荡模型机理进行动力学分析,看化学振荡的线性和非线性特征。     

Synthesis of stable 2-sulfoniophenolate

A series of novel stable 2-sulfoniophenolates (5a-5e, 7a, 7b) were synthesized for the first time by the reactions of 3, 7-dinitrodibenzobromolium bisulfate (3) with some sulfoxides and the reactions of 3,7-dinitrodibenzocycloiodonium salts (6a, 6b) with dimethyl sulfoxide under basic condition. Their structures were established by elemental analysis, NMR, MS, IR, etc. The role of the amine (or other basic compounds, such as NaOH, Na₂CO₃, etc.) in the reactions was discussed. A possible reaction mechanism was proposed, by which a dissymmetric substituted benzyne was presumed to be the reaction intermediate.