Biosynthesis of 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid: Steric course of the reaction at the C-4 position

Summary Under the action of the appropriate synthase from ripe tomatoes a 11 mixture of (3S, 4R)-[3,4-²H₂] and (3R, 4S)-[3,4-²H₂]-(2S)-adenosylmethionine is transformed into a 11 mixture of the two meso forms of [²H₂]-1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid, a result which proves the operation of an inversion mechanism and which is consistent with direct nucleophilic displacement of the leaving group in the substrate.     

Position of the Y-chromosome at somatic metaphase in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

Summary A random distribution of the Y-chromosome at somatic metaphase was found in 50 patients with Ph' positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Thus, it is concluded that the positive of the Y-chromosome at somatic metaphase does not appear to influence the loss from bone marrow cells.     

Bicuculline and picrotoxin block γ-aminobutryic acid-gated Cl− conductance by different mechanisms

Summary Using isolated, internally perfused bullfrog dorsal root ganglion cells we have studied the dose-response curves for -aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the presence of internally or externally applied GABA antagonists. With external application of antagonists the inhibition of the GABA current by bicuculline was competitive and that by picrotoxin was noncompetitive. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline blocked when internally perfused.To whom reprint requests should be addressed.Acknowledgments. We thank Drs S. Minakami and S. Yasui for helpful discussions and comments.     

Eicosapentaenoic acid in tissue lipids ofPieris brassicae

Summary Larvae of the cabbage white butterfly,Pieris brassicae, have a dietary requirement for linolenic acid (C183n3) and were found to accumulate two other members of the n-3 family, C203n3 and C205n3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) especially in testicular phospholipids. Arachidonic acid was observed in trace amounts only. During diapause the relative titer of eicosapentaenoic acid increased in testicular phospholipids to about 4.2% of the fatty acids. Eicosapentaenoic acid is a possible precursor of prostaglandins, suggesting that prostaglandins of the 3-series predominate in this insect.     

Learning attention-based strategies to cooperate for multi-agent path finding

Multi-agent path finding (MAPF) is a challenging multi-agent systems problem where all agents are required to effectively reach their goals concurrently with not colliding with each other and avoiding obstacles. In MAPF, it is a challenge to effectively express the observation of agents, utilize historical information, and effectively communicate with neighbor agents. To tackle these issues, in this work, we proposed a well-designed model that utilizes the local states of nearby agents and outputs an optimal action for each agent to execute. We build the local observation encoder by using residual attention CNN to extract local observations and use the Transformer architecture to build an interaction layer to combine local observations of agents. With the purpose of overcoming the deficiency of success rate, we also designed a new evaluation index, namely extra time rate (ETR). The experimental results show that our model is superior to most previous models in terms of success rate and ETR. In addition, we also completed the ablation study on the model, and the effectiveness of each component of the model was proved.     

基于深度学习的红外与可见光图像融合综述

图像融合技术是指从不同的源图像中提取并融合互补的信息,生成一幅信息量更丰富、对后续高级视觉任务提供足够支持的图像.红外与可见光图像融合（Infrared and Visible Image Fusion,IVIF）是图像融合领域的一个重要分支.近年来,深度学习技术在视觉计算领域表现出了良好的性能,尤其是基于自编码器、卷积神经网络、生成对抗网络等几种基于深度学习的IVIF技术得到了蓬勃发展.为此,对基于深度学习的IVIF算法的方法、数据集和评估指标等进行了总结和阐述;通过大量的实验,进行定性和定量的结果分析,对比了各类基于深度学习IVIF算法的性能;最后,讨论了该领域未来发展的一些前景和研究方向.     

电子束熔化成形与锻造Ti6Al4V合金的腐蚀行为对比研究

本工作采用电化学工作站研究了电子束熔化技术（EBM）成形TC4样品和传统锻造TC4在3.5wt% NaCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为. 结果表明EBM成形TC4样品的非平衡微观结构使其与传统锻造的TC4相比,表现出不同的耐腐蚀性. EBM成形TC4样品与锻件TC4相比,EBM成形样品不同平面存在耐蚀性差异,而且EBM水平面大于锻件,EBM垂直面小于锻件. EBM成形TC4样品垂直面出现的腐蚀性能的各向异性主要是β柱状晶导致的. 在腐蚀的过程中,点蚀优先发生在α晶界,因为晶界能量较高,形成多孔的钝化层. 本项工作有助于丰富增材制造制备TC4合金在航空钛合金领域的腐蚀性能研究.     

基于卷积模型的核信号仿真

NaI(Tl)探测器因具有探测效率高和成本低等优点,常被用于核辐射能谱测量和核辐射监管等领域．由于实验条件等的限制,研究人员往往较难获取理想的实验核信号,虽然可以借助探测器的仿真信号来实现研究目的,但是常规的探测器单指数或双指数模型和实际采集到的核信号模型存在一定的差异,需要一种更为精准的数学模型对探测器输出信号进行描述．我们通过对探测器信号形成过程分析,将探测器视为线性时不变系统,探测器各个部分响应的总卷积即为输出的核信号模型．本文建立的探测器输出信号卷积模型,结合实测伽玛源的幅度分布规律和相邻脉冲时间间隔分布规律,可以提供更精确的NaI(Tl)探测器输出信号,以便用于伽玛能谱测量算法研究;通过调节脉冲间隔时间大小,可以仿真不同计数下探测器输出信号的堆积情形,以便用于堆积信号还原算法研究．经过与伽玛辐射源的对比测试,该仿真信号与真实探测器输出信号一致,既避免了研究人员接触放射源,提高辐射防护安全性,又为开展数字化核信号处理算法研究及能谱算法研究提供了极大的便利性．     

基于量子微粒群优化算法的半透明介质光学参数反演

针对半透明介质光学参数估计问题,建立了脉冲激光辐照下半透明介质光学参数反演模型,采用量子微粒群优化(QPSO)算法反演了折射率和吸收系数,分析了测量误差、热物性参数对反演结果的影响,并利用敏感性分析揭示了反演精度与测量误差的关系.计算结果表明：建立的反演模型和采用的QPSO算法可以精确估计折射率和吸收系数,即使人为添加10%的测量误差,反演结果依然具有较强的鲁棒性和准确度.本研究可为半透明介质物性参数获取提供技术参考.