折板幕墙单层钢网格结构的二目标优化

折板幕墙结构的优化设计除考虑主要指标用钢量以外,还需要考虑工期、加工难度、现场安装或施工难度、运输费、管理费等的影响。在关联分析的基础上,我们将工期、加工难度、现场安装或施工难度、运输费、管理费等次要指标简单地用杆件截面类型数作为替代,提出了折板幕墙单层钢网格结构同时考虑用钢量和杆件截面类型数两个指标的结构优化方法。使用经过工程统计得到的权函数来考虑杆件截面类型数对主要指标的影响。工程算例说明了该方法的分析过程。     

地下连续墙H型钢接头防绕流施工措施探讨

简要介绍了地下连续墙的接头分类,结合工程实例,针对地下连续墙施工中出现的问题,提出了预防绕流的措施。     

短肢剪力墙力学分析模型对比及其选择

详细论述了短肢剪力墙这一新型结构体系目前常见的几种结构计算分析模型及其适用性,然后选用不同的分析模型和分析方法对同一个结构进行计算,通过算例分析和比较不同模型计算结果存在差异的原因,最后提出了一些合理选取短肢剪力墙力学分析模型的适用性建议。     

号称经典物理留下的世纪难题“湍流问题”的实质是什么？

一直以来,湍流都被认为是经典物理留下的世纪难题,因而也被认为是一个重大的基础科学问题.本文简单回顾湍流研究历史,分析了均匀各向同性湍流的研究和真实湍流的研究间为何存在鸿沟.为何前者不能解决真实湍流问题,而后者则是今后应重点开展的湍流基础研究,和如何逐步解决真实的湍流问题.在结论中提出了今后湍流研究中值得注意的几个方面.     

某基坑支护方案研究

本文结合实际工程介绍了地下连续墙+钢筋混凝土支撑支护结构施工方案。实践表明本文采用的地基处理方案切实可行,收到了较好的效果。     

Surface pollen assemblages of human-disturbed vegetation and their relationship with vegetation and climate in Northeast China

Pollen assemblages of 53 surface pollen samples from farmlands and wastelands in Northeast China were analyzed. Tree pollen percentages were usually higher than 30%, with Pinus (26.9%), Quercus (0.9%), Betula (0.9%) and Populus (0.7%) as the major types, and herb pollen percentages were usually higher than 50%, with weedy Poaceae (8.7%), Chenopodiaceae (7.1%), Artemisia (1.9%) and Compositae (3.5%) as the major taxa. Thus, the pollen assemblages were consistent with the regional vegetation compositions. However, there were differences in pollen assemblages among regions, especially among different geomorphological units. For example, in the mountains, there were more types of tree pollen and higher total percentages (average 42%) than in other areas, while cereal pollen percentages were lowest (11.2%). In the hills and high plains, herbs made up more than 60% of the pollens, with cereals (average 53.6%) the dominant type. In the low plains, pollen types were similar to those in the hills and high plains, but total pollen concentrations and the proportion of Concentricystes were much higher, while cereal pollen percentages were slightly lower (average 41.6%). Pollen assemblages in different land use types also differed. For example, in farmland, cereal pollen percentages were more than 40% and Chenopodiaceae was usually less than 2.5%, while in wasteland, weedy Poaceae was usually less than 10% and Chenopodiaceae was usually higher than 25%. Total pollen concentrations in farmland (average 3909 grains/g) were much lower than in wasteland (average 15074 grains/g). Redundancy analysis revealed that pollen assemblages were significantly negatively correlated with mean annual temperature (-0.73) and July mean temperature (-0.81) and significantly positively correlated with mean annual precipitation (0.48), indicating that pollen assemblages in the artificial or human-disturbed vegetation reflect regional climate well. Comparison of pollen assemblages in different areas of northern China showed that pollen concentrations reflect the intensities of human impact to some degree. For example, pollen concentrations decrease as human impacts increase in intensity. The cereal pollen proportions in farmland differed by area. In Northeast China, cereal pollen proportions were distinctly higher than in most other areas of northern China, suggesting differences in planting habits and climate.     

长壁软底工作面柱鞋参数分析

为有效控制单体支柱长壁工作面顶板,针对属于Ⅰ级极软底板的工作面,建立了单体柱鞋的力学模型,分析了柱鞋受力的载荷分布.计算了柱鞋的合理尺寸,包括柱鞋的厚度,柱鞋的大小等.通过对工作面现有支护方式的分析,确定其合理的柱鞋选型和参数,确保了支护系统的刚度,该支护系统在现场取得了良好的应用效果.     

复合墙板承载力计算公式分析

针对复合墙板的截面构造特点、破坏形式,利用有限元程序分析了多组复合墙板的应力,确定了极限承载力,利用Matlab程序回归得到了承载力计算公式,为复合截面的承载力计算提供了理论依据。     

井壁超热中子测井MC模拟

在 MCNP的基础上 ,开发了井壁超热中子时间谱测井蒙特卡罗 (Monte Carlo)模拟软件包 .裸眼井、井眼里无下井仪器、淡水饱和砂岩地层、井眼注淡水 ;油饱和砂岩地层、井眼注油 ;油饱和砂岩地层、井眼注淡水 ;淡水饱和灰岩地层、井眼注淡水与淡水饱和白云岩地层、井眼注淡水 ,及裸眼井、井眼里有下井仪器、淡水饱和砂岩地层、井眼注淡水等条件下 ,计算井壁超热中子时间谱随孔隙度的变化 ,同时可得到井壁超热中子总通量随孔隙度的变化 ,结果证明井壁超热中子时间谱测井或井壁超热中子测井是确定地层孔隙度最有效的方法 .在此基础上 ,再研究井壁超热中子时间谱测井仪或井壁超热中子测井仪的工程参数 .     

GFRP加固带壁柱砖墙抗剪面积的简化计算

通过1片未加固带壁柱砖墙和9片玻璃纤维增强复合材料(GFRP)加固带壁柱砖墙的抗震性能试验,分析带壁柱墙体中壁柱对墙体抗剪承载力的影响,并提出壁柱影响系数.从等效抗侧移刚度入手,推导出壁柱影响系数最大值的计算表达式;运用壁柱隔离法,推导出壁柱影响系数的最小值计算表达式,并结合壁柱的开洞损伤情况,给出壁柱影响系数的统一表达式,从而简化了计算.最后,通过试验验证该系数提出的合理性.