Vegetation and climate changes during the last 8660 cal. a BP in central Mongolia, based on a high-resolution pollen record from Lake Ugii Nuur

Based on modern pollen studies and reliable chronology of nine AMS 14C dates, a detailed history of vegetation and climate changes during the past 8660 cal. a BP was reconstructed by a high-resolution pollen record from Ugii Nuur in central Mongolia. Poaceae-steppe dominated the study area and the climate was mild and semi-humid before 7800 cal. a BP with a noticeable cool and humid interval at 8350―8250 cal. a BP. Xerophytic plant increased and the climate became warm and dry gradually since 7800 cal. a BP...     

拟南芥bHLH家族转录因子DYT1在花药发育过程中调控胼胝质降解(英文)

胼胝质的合成和降解是雄配子体减数分裂过程中的一个重要特征,对后期花粉成熟有重要作用.在此研究中,分离到了一个雄性不育突变体msl57,该突变体的绒毡层分化及胼胝质降解过程出现异常,导致花粉败育.图位克隆和遗传分析表明:MSl57基因与bHLI-I家族转录因子DYTI(At4g21330)是同一基因.因此,将ms157突变体改名为dyt1-2.反式激活作用实验揭示了DYTI的激活功能域位于基因的250 ～504bp之间.通过酵母双杂交实验发现DYT1蛋白在体内可以形成同源二聚体来执行其功能.RT-PCR及定量PCR分析表明胼胝质酶相关基因A6的表达在突变体背景下严重下调.因此,DVF1通过调控胼胝质的降解来影响花药发育过程.     

红花罂粟花粉萌发的研究

以新鲜红花罂粟花粉为试材,比较研究了培养基中蔗糖浓度及硼酸和Ca^2＋、赤霉素浓度对红花罂粟花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响。结果表明：过高过低的蔗糖、硼酸浓度抑制红花罂粟花粉萌发。低浓度Ca^2＋和赤霉素促进了花粉萌发和花粉管的生长,高浓度Ca、赤霉素抑制了花粉萌发和花粉管的生长。红花罂粟花粉萌发的最佳培养基是琼脂20g＋蔗糖110g＋硼酸110mg／L＋200mg／LCa^2＋＋80mg／LGA3。     

豫北地区蜜粉源植物的考察研究

本调查研究河南北部,黄河北岸地区内蜜粉源植物,初步筛选出蜜粉源植物376种及变种,隶属于81科233属。中着重分析了本地区主要蜜源、主要粉源、重要辅助蜜粉源植物,为科研和持续开发利用植物资源提供了科学依据。     

Atomic force microscopic observation on substructure of pollen exine inCedrus deodara andMetasequoia glyptostroboides

The substructure of pollen exine inCedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. andMetasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng has been examined with an atomic force microscope (AFM). The results indicate that the exine substructure units containing sporopollenin in two species are similar in shape, which are granular, but slightly different in size. InCedrus the substructure unit of pollen exine appears to be 56–99 nm long and 42–74 nm wide, while inMetasequoia it appears to be 81–118 nm long and 43–98 nm wide. It has been observed that the subunits of pollen exine inCedrus arranged tightly to form short-rod-like or spheroidal pollen exine units, several or more than ten of which formed an island-like structure. There are various spaces among these island-like structures which are interconnected to occupy the entire pollen exine. InMetasequoia, the subunits of pollen exine also arranged tightly with a distribution tendency of cluster of 3–10, however, no obvious boundary exists among these clusters. From our results, it is concluded that there is no tendency of helical arrangement for the subunits of pollen exine inCedrus andMetasequoia, and the results support Southworth’ view that subunits of pollen exine are granular shape in lattice structure.     

In vitro assembly of plant tubulin in the absence of microtubule-stabilizing reagents

The assembly of microtubules is essential for physiological functions of microtubules. Addition of microtubule-stabilizing reagents or microtubule “seeds” is usually necessary for plant tubulin assemblyin vitro, which hinders the investigation of plant microtubule dynamics. In the present note, highly purified plant tubulins have been obtained from lily pollen, a non-microtubule-stabilizing reagent or microtubule “seed” system for plant tubulin assembly has been established and the analysis of plant tubulin assembly performed. Experiment results showed that purified tubulin polymerizedin vitro, and a typical microtubule structure was observed with electron microscopy. The kinetics curve of tubulin assembly exhibited typical “parabola”. The presence of taxol significantly altered the character of plant tubulin assembly, including that abnormal microtubules were assembled and the critical concentration for plant tubulin assembly was decreased exceedingly from 3 mg/mL in the absence of taxol to 0.043 mg/mL in ihe presence of taxol.     

诱导矮败小麦孤雌生殖的效果研究

试验用二甲基亚砜、对氯苯氧乙酸、激动素、赤霉素、聚乙二醇、矮壮素、肌醇、烟酸 8种单一药剂 ,各种组合处理药剂及二次处理药剂 (赤霉素、肌醇、2 ,4 D和植物血清凝集素 )诱导矮败小麦孤雌生殖 ,共处理了750 0穗。结果表明 :单一药剂以 0 0 1 5mL/mL二甲基亚砜和 1 0 0mg·kg- 1 赤霉素诱导效果最好 ,两年诱导结实率分别为 0 1 67% ,0 1 94%和 0 1 1 1 % ,0 1 39%。筛选出最佳组合药剂为 50 0mg·kg- 1 对氯苯氧乙酸 1 0 0mg·kg- 1 激动素 0 0 1 5mL/mL二甲基亚砜 ,两年诱导结实率分别为 0 2 78%和 0 333 %。大多数组合药剂的诱导效果优于单一药剂的诱导效果。二次处理的每种药剂有一最适浓度     

三种禾本科植物花粉内细胞器超微结构比较

对水稻（ｏｒｙｚａ ｓａｔｉｖａ）、玉米（ｚｅａ ｍａｙｓ）和狼尾草（ｐｅｎｎｉｓｅｔｕｍ ａｌｏｐｅｃｕｒｏｉｄｓ）三种禾本科植物成熟花粉的细胞器超进行了比较,水稻花粉内线体数量最多,其内嵴亦较密;三种花粉中内质网（滑面）均不丰富,但在水稻花粉中的淀粉粒较少的区域分布着分散型内质网、玉米、狼尾草茶粉中高尔在体较少,水稻共 可见到典型的高尔基体,在淀粉料少的区域存在着不表现出“极性”的高尔基体。三     

蒙古高原10种蜜源植物花粉形态描述

利用扫描电子显微镜对蒙古高原１０种蜜源植物的花粉进行了观察和摄片,并对花粉的形态特征进行了描述。     

广义香蒲科植物的叶表皮及花粉形态特征研究

利用扫描电子显微镜对广义香蒲科的水烛Typha augustifolia、曲轴黑三棱Sparganium fallax和黑三棱Sparganium stoloniferum的叶表皮特征及花粉形态特征进行了观察,并对其相关类群雨久花科的凤眼莲Eichhorniacrassipes和鸭舌草Monochoria vaginalis的叶表皮及花粉进行了比较分析,以探讨它们之间的亲缘关系.结果表明:5种植物中,水烛与曲轴黑三棱及黑三棱的微形态学特征较为相近,而与凤眼莲和鸭舌草的差异较大.此外,水烛具有其独特的细微构造:气孔内有多数棒状乳突,花粉粒的网脊不闭合等.