Quantitative genetic models of sexual selection

Summary Quantitative genetic models of sexual selection have disporven some of the central tenets of both the handicap mechanism and the sexy son hypothesis. These results suggest that the good genes approach to sexual selection may generally lead to erroneous results.Runaway sexual selection seems possible under a wide variety of circumstances. Quantittive genetic models have revealed runaway processes for sexually selected attributes expressed in both sexes and for attributes of parental care. Furthermore, the runaway could occur simultaneously in a series of populations that straddle an environmental gradient. While the models support the feasibility of runaway processes, empirical studies are needed to evaluate whether runaways actually happen. Estimates of critical genetic parameters are particularly needed, as well as measures of natural and sexual selection acting on the same population.The models also show that sexual selection has tremendous potential to produce population differentiation, particularly in epigamic traits. Differentiation is promoted by indeterminancy of evolutionary outcome, transient differences among populations during the final slow approach to equilibrium, sampling drift among equilibrium populations, and the tendency of sexual selection to amplify geographic variation arising from spatial differences in natural selection. Recent work with two- and three-locus models of sexual selection has produced results that parallel the results of the polygenic models^36–38,58. Thus the feature of indeterminate equilibria (outcome dependent on initial conditions) is common to both types of model.     

A new semisynthetic ergot peptide alkaloid: DCN 203-922

Summary We report the synthesis, stereochemistry and preliminary pharmacological evaluation of DCN 203-922, a novel ergot alkaloid of the cyclol type, which contains in its peptide moiety the uncommon amino acid L-allo-isoleucine.Part of this paper was reported by this author at the Herbstversammlung der Schweizerischen Chemischen Gesellschaft, Bern, in October 1986.     

A major metabolite of Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol reduces its cataleptic effect in mice

Summary The results described here demonstrate that THC-induced catalepsy in mice can be substantially inhibited by the prior administration of ¹-THC-7-oic acid, the major metabolite of THC in most species including humans. This raises the possibility that the intensity and duration of action of THC may depend to a large degree on the levels of this metabolite at the sites of action.We thank the National Institute on Drug Abuse for supporting this project by grants DA-02043 and DA-02052 and for supplying all of the cannabinoids. One of us (S.B.) is also the recipient of a Research Scientist Award from NIDA. We are grateful to Kristen Carlson and Thomas Honeyman for helpful suggestions in preparing this report.     

关于拉氏积分计算中的条件验证谈《微积分学教程》中的一处错误

菲赫金哥尔茨著《微积分学教程》中在计算拉普拉斯积分中称根据更序定理可施行积分次序的变更以求其值,原书未作验证。本文指出该积分不满足更序定理的条件,但在去掉积分变量t的下限O这一点后,积分就满足定理的条件了,然后通过极限步骤以求积分的值。     

超高压气井井口节流工艺选择与优化

超高压气井的节流系统对气井的生命周期起到至关重要的作用,而合理的节流工艺,不但可以延长气井开采寿命,还可降低成本。对国内超高压气井使用的节流工艺进行了介绍,并基于计算流体力学对川西北气矿产气井不同节流工艺内流场进行仿真,运用流场分析软件对单级节流和两级节流工艺系统内部的压力、流速等问题进行了分析,确定了不同节流工艺系统合理CV值及开度,得到了不同节流工艺系统的最高流速,提出了现场不同节流工艺下的节流参数选择及使用建议。研究表明,3种节流工艺均可满足节流要求和现场生产情况,其中,单级节流工艺简单,但流速均在850 m/s以上,阀门冲蚀严重;一级固定二级可调节流的最大流速在550~600 m/s,低于单级节流,但最大产量受限;两级可调节流的最大流速与一级固定二级可调节流相仿,可实现按需调产,但成本相对较高。     

测长仪器数字化微机化改造中的精度保证

本文介绍了测长仪器数字化微机化改造中的精度保证方法:标尺倾斜调整法和计算机软件补偿法。作者将这些方法应用于万能工具显微镜的改造中,获得了满意的效果。该方法简单有效,而且亦适用于新测长仪器的制造。文中还对测长标尺的制造提出了“标尺刻度间距的公差带应正向单向布置”的指导性意见。     

江西樟树四特酒香味成分的GC／MS分析

通过对四特酒进行化学处理、分类收集组分,采用GC/MS联用技术对各组分进行分离与定性定量测定,分离出130多个色谱峰,鉴定出65个化合物.     

Metabolism of 3β-hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid in hamsters

Summary Metabolism of 26-hydroxycholesterol to 3-hydroxychol-5-en-24-oic acid and other C24-bile acids has been expected to occur by way of 3-hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid in studies in vitro. 3-Hydroxycholest-5-en-26-oic acid was infused intravenously into bile fistula hamsters and the following C24-bile acids were identified: 3-hydroxychol-5-en-24-oic acid, lithocholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and a small amount of cholic acid.     

外加电磁场对火焰结构及燃料燃烧特性的影响

燃料在电、磁场作用下的燃烧是一个新的跨学科性质的研究课题.它涉及磁流体发电、空间技术中电磁燃烧技术的应用以及能源与动力工程中能量转换与效率.本文从实验和理论两个方面,扼要地报导了碳氢燃料在外加磁场、电场影响下的火焰结构及其燃烧特性.把近年来我研究小组的主要研究结果汇总发表.