TiB-TiB_2陶瓷复合材料的放电等离子烧结致密化

通过放电等离子烧结技术制备了新型的TiB-TiB2陶瓷复合材料,测试了复合材料的微观组织和力学性能,研究了复合材料微观组织的演化规律,揭示了复合材料的放电等离子烧结致密化机理.烧结前期,通过放电效应使Ti发生高温溅射,在TiB2颗粒间形成流线型丝状连接;随着温度的升高,TiB2颗粒与熔融的钛金属之间发生化学反应,生成的TiB呈棒状生长;烧结后期,随着烧结温度的提高,在焦耳热效应和烧结压力的共同作用下,塑性变形和固相扩散成为主要烧结机制,使复合材料迅速达到致密.     

RP-HPLC法测定人血浆中的替勃龙

采用反相高效液相色谱法检测人体血浆中替勃龙的含量.以5倍样品体积的乙腈萃取2次,经氮气吹干,甲醇溶解后,上机分析.采用Promosil-C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相:甲醇-乙腈-水,流速:1.0mL/min,进样量:10μL,检测波长:204nm,柱温:25℃.在优化的色谱条件下,替勃龙在0.5～250.0μg/mL内线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),最低检测限为0.05μg/mL,平均回收率(n=3)为92.7%,RSDs小于1.6%.本方法简单,灵敏,准确,适合于体内替勃龙含量的检测与分析.     

等离子体改性燃油对汽车尾气中NO生成的抑制作用

以等离子体技术机内净化汽车尾气为前提,通过对汽缸内反应体系的热力学分析,研究了等离子体改性汽车燃油的加入对汽车尾气中NO含量的影响.结果表明,等离子体改性燃油的添加能明显降低汽车尾气中NO的浓度,且能有效地抑制NO浓度随温度的增长.当等离子体改性燃油的加入量为汽车燃油量的10%时,在n(燃油)∶n(O2)=1∶12.5、汽缸压力为4MPa、温度分别为2000K、2200K的条件下,尾气中NO的平衡浓度分别由加入改性燃油之前的10×10-6mol/L、64×10-6mol/L降低到0.6×10-6mol/L和5×10-6mol/L.     

电弧等离子体成分和温度同时测量的光谱多线解析法及实验装置(英)

根据等离子体物理学和光谱学理论,建立了一种新的电弧等离子体的测试方法─—光谱多线解析法,可对未知配比的混合电弧等离子体的成分、温度甚至压力的空间分布作同时测定。文中阐明了这一方法和相应的实验装置的原理。测定了氩氢混合电弧等离子体中的氩氢含量及对应的温度、压力分布。对实验结果作了误差分析和验证。     

等离子体对壳聚糖整理棉织物效果的影响

研究等离子体预处理技术对棉织物壳聚糖功能整理效果的影响.比较3种不同的整理方法.第1种是用柠檬酸及壳聚糖的混合溶液进行一浴整理;第2种是先用柠檬酸溶液再用壳聚糖溶液进行两浴处理;第3种是使用等离子体预处理织物后再经两浴法整理.使用酸性橙Ⅱ对整理后织物染色并测试K/S值.通过测试织物大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率考察其抗菌性.结果表明,经等离子体预处理后再经两浴法整理的织物的K/S值以及抗菌率较一浴法或两浴法都有所提高,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率高达100%.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr doped WCoB based cermets by spark plasma sintering and first principle calculation

WCoB based cermet is a potential hard alloy to replace WC-Co cermets with high hardness and corrosion resistance. WCoB based cermets with different Cr doping contents were fabricated by spark plasma sintering in liquid phase sintering stage. The densification behavior, phase composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr doped WCoB cermets were investigated by XRD, EDS and SEM. Due to the lower density of Cr,the density of WCoB cermets decreased with the increasing of Cr doping content. The phase composition consisted of Cr doped WCoB, unreacted W, Co–Cr binary binder phase. When the doping content exceeded11.736 wt%, the Cr enrichment zones appeared, which was harmful to the TRS. The increasing of Cr doping content contributed to the increase of unreacted W phases content and the formation of pores. The maximum value of Vickers hardness was 1751 Hv0.5 at 9.356 wt% Cr doping content. The variation trend was explained by first principle calculation, which is consistent with Hv-Zhou hardness model.     

金属薄板等离子电弧加热弯曲成形实验

为了研究金属薄板等离子电弧加热弯曲成形的规律及机理,采用等离子电孤沿直线来回对1Cr18Ni9Ti和Q235薄板进行加热弯曲成形实验.结果表明,随着等离子电弧在薄板上扫描次数的增加,其弯曲角度近似呈线性增大;在一定范围内热输入越大(如减小扫描速度、减小电弧长度、增加电弧电流等),板材厚度越小,薄板的弯曲角度越大;在较低的热输入下等离子电弧加热弯曲成形使晶粒细化,有利于改善薄板受热区域显微组织的机械性能;成形过程中存在残余应变强化,受热区域硬度提高;等离子电弧加热弯曲成形还可以降低机械加工引起的残余应力,有效减少回弹.     

束离子与离子声波准线性相互作用的研究

给出了束离子与离子声波准线性相互作用的数值解,由解出的波谱进一步给出湍动加速中的加速系数、脉动加速系数、粒子与湍动场间的等效碰撞频率,通过粒子与湍动场间的等效碰撞频率和粒子间有效碰撞频率的比较,说明在有较强湍动场的情形下采用无碰撞等离子体模型是很合适的。     

Experimental and numerical study on plasma nitriding of AISI P20 mold steel

In this study, plasma nitriding was used to fabricate a hard protective layer on AISI P20 steel, at three process temperatures (450°C, 500°C, and 550°C) and over a range of time periods (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 h), and at a fixed gas N₂:H₂ ratio of 75vol%:25vol%. The morphology of samples was studied using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and the formed phase of each sample was determined by X-ray diffraction. The elemental depth profile was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, wavelength dispersive spectroscopy, and glow dispersive spectroscopy. The hardness profile of the samples was identified, and the microhardness profile from the surface to the sample center was recorded. The results show that ε-nitride is the dominant species after carrying out plasma nitriding in all strategies and that the plasma nitriding process improves the hardness up to more than three times. It is found that as the time and temperature of the process increase, the hardness and hardness depth of the diffusion zone considerably increase. Furthermore, artificial neural networks were used to predict the effects of operational parameters on the mechanical properties of plastic mold steel. The plasma temperature, running time of imposition, and target distance to the sample surface were all used as network inputs; Vickers hardness measurements were given as the output of the model. The model accurately reproduced the experimental outcomes under different operational conditions; therefore, it can be used in the effective simulation of the plasma nitriding process in AISI P20 steel.     

接触辉光放电等离子体对水中偶氮染料艳红B的脱色研究

为深入了解接触辉光放电等离子体降解水中有机污染物的机理,用紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究了放电过程中染料结构的变化,考察了pH值、自由基清除剂等实验条件对艳红B脱色的影响.结果表明:加入羟基自由基清除剂可增强艳红B的脱色效果,加入氢自由基清除剂对艳红B的脱色有轻微的阻碍作用.溶液初始pH值在7.0~11.0之间时对脱色影响不大.随着反应的进行,溶液的化学需氧量逐渐升高.紫外-可见吸收光谱分析表明,等离子体产生的活性氢原子对偶氮键的破坏是艳红B脱色的主要原因.