You are what you eat: native versus exotic Crotalaria species (Fabaceae) as host plants of the Ornate Bella Moth,Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)

Crotalaria plants and Utetheisa ornatrix are closely linked to each other: the larvae destroy the seeds, while the moth depends on hostplants for alkaloids. To better understand the ongoing co-evolution, the present study examines how native hostplants compare to exotic ones. Leaf-feeding on Crotalaria pumila, C. rotundifolia, and C. incana, native to the moth’s range, led to faster larval development than on the exotic C. lanceolata, C. spectabilis, and C. pallida. Seed-feeding on all species of Crotalaria led to accelerated larval development and a resultant larger adult moth, and correlates with a higher nitrogen content in the plant tissues. These results add a novel dimension to the previous studies of reproductive biology of this model organism. In controlled settings, mature larvae showed preference for leaves of C. spectabilis over those of other species, perhaps due to the higher alkaloid content. Differences in morphology and phenology of Crotalaria determine the ecology of U. ornatrix populations in Florida. The introduction of novel hostplants, on which U. ornatrix can have a significant negative effect and which are of concern to humans as invasive toxic weeds, has greatly expanded the niche occupied by this moth. Possible co-evolution of Utetheisa sensu lato and plant defences in the genus Crotalaria is discussed.     

巢湖十五里河河口湿地植被动态变化研究

河口湿地是水陆相互作用形成的独特生态系统,也是湖泊生态系统的重要组成部分。为探讨河口湿地植被在不同时期内种类和组成的变化,以及引起这些变化的主要环境因子,文章以巢湖十五里河河口湿地为对象,在巢湖处于枯水期和丰水期时,分别对其植物群落进行了野外调研,研究发现:枯水期河口湿地分布植物有21种,隶属于18属,11科;丰水期河口湿地分布植物11种,隶属于10属,7科;聚类分析结果显示枯水期时河口湿地植物组合类型有8种,丰水期时河口湿地植物组合类型为4种;枯水期时河口湿地植物物种多样性比丰水期时高,但其均匀度比丰水期时低;湖泊水位、河口水质和人类活动是河口湿地植物种类和组成变化的主要影响因子。     

影响植物分枝的一些基因及其分子机制

了解植物分枝机理不仅具有理论意义,对于农业、林业、果树、蔬菜和花卉等生产实践更具有重要意义.由于分子生物学的发展,人们有机会获得转基因植物和突变体,利用这些材料从不同角度对植物分枝机理进行深入研究.影响植物分枝的分子机制是多种多样的,对激素感知、激素代谢、激素运输等方面的影响都可以改变植物的分枝状况.目前,分枝的分子机制研究已取得较大进展.     

克隆植物结缕草在两种环境中的生长发育特征

以克隆植物结缕草为对象,研究了其在温室内、外两种环境条件下的生长发育特征.结果表明：在相同环境条件下,主匍匐茎上的复合节、根、Ta和Tb分蘖的形成顺序依次后移,且形成速率均呈相互平行的直线关系.但在温室内,主匍匐茎上的复合节及其它器官的形成时间一般均较温室外晚.复合节间的形成是逐渐完成的,在温室外,一个复合节间的70%完成于该复合节形成后和下一个复合节间形成前,而其余则完成于下一个复合节间形成之后.在温室外,二级匍匐茎上复合节及其它器官的形成规律与主匍匐茎相似,但Tb的形成速率较慢.这与各级匍匐茎之间以及各相应构件器官之间资源传输与分配格局存在差异有关.通过主匍匐茎的向前直线型生长和次级匍匐茎的侧向伸展,结缕草分株被放置到更加广阔的生态空间,分株种群规模扩大,资源摄取能力增强,从而有助于提高结缕草的生态适应性和种间竞争能力.     

BOT 方式建设小城镇污水处理厂的探讨

介绍了BOT的基本理论及我国现有小城镇污水处理厂的现状,在此基础上,探讨了以BOT方式组建我国城镇污水处理厂的新模式.     

"林城"贵阳城市广场观赏植物配植情况调查

城市广场往往是一个城市的窗口,人们可以通过一个城市的城市广场来了解这个城市的大体风貌.贵阳是个被森林环抱的城市,在这个拥挤的城市里,城市广场用地空间受到极大的限制.通过对5个贵阳城市广场的观赏植物配植情况调查,发现贵阳广场植物配置具有其与众不同的特色.     

基于W77E58单片机的光伏并网电站智能群控器设计

研制了一种基于Winbond公司W77E58单片机的光伏并网电站智能群控器,该群控器由显示模块、通讯模块、时钟模块、报警模块以及大容量数据存储模块等构成。在现场可取代PC机,对多达60台的并网逆变器无人值守监控,具有成本低、安装灵活方便等优点;在大型分布多支路光伏并网电站中,多个智能群控器与PC机可组建多级分布式通讯网络,对整个光伏并网电站进行实时监控和管理。     

Effects of medium nutrition on cell growth and isocamptothecin A and B production by suspension cell culture of Camptotheca acuminata

The effects of initial sucrose concentration, nitrate to ammonium ratio, total N concentration and phosphate concentration in medium on cell growth and isocamptothecin A and B synthesis by suspension call culture of Camptotheca acuminata were investigated in 250 mL shake flasks. 30 g L^-1 sucrose concentration was beneficial to secondary metabolites synthesis. The cell growth and metabolites synthesis were also affected by the ratio of NO3^-/NH4^＋ , and nitrate was tavourable for cell growth. The maximum dry weight was achieved when nitrate was used as the sole N souree. The effect of total initial N on the cell cultures was also investigated with NO3^-/NH4^＋ ratio of 1 ： 2. The final dry cell weight was similar throughout culture period and 50 mM initial N was favourable for secondary metabolite synthesis. 50 mM initial phosphate concentration facilitated both cell growth and secondary metabolites synthesis.     

多射击模式多目标类型下防御效率分析

在军事对抗中,将作战双方抽象为防御方(红方)和进攻方(蓝方),研究红方的射击战斗问题.本文讨论蓝方目标无差别和目标多类型两种情况下的射击战斗,解决以下三个问题:一是在射击-射击策略下,基于给定的射弹和目标数,给出了红方获得最大防御效率(defense effectiveness,DE)时射弹的分配方法;二是在射击-观察-射击策略下,考虑射击次数和齐射弹数等因素,给出了红方多次射击的DE迭代递推生成方法;三是给出了影响DE两个重要基础因素(射弹需求量和射击次数)的通用计算方法.通过仿真分析对本文给出的方法验证,保证了方法的可行性.     

基于LVQ神经网络的植物种类识别

提出一种基于学习矢量量化（LVQ）神经网络的计算机植物种类识别新方法. 使用2-D不变矩、 多尺度2-D Gabor滤波器等多种方法分别提取了叶片的几何特征和纹理特征, 应用LVQ神经网络识别植物种类. 实验结果表明, 该方法对植物种类的识别效率较高.