CSP热轧低碳钢板轧制过程中析出行为分析

采用H-800透射电镜研究CSP热轧低碳钢轧制过程中析出物形貌、尺寸、及分布等，结果表明：累积变形量较小，变形温度较高时，第二相粒子主要在晶界或相界上形成，数量较少且比较粗大，尺寸多在150nm以上；随着轧制过程的进行，累积变形量的增大和轧制温度的降低，第二相粒子主要在晶内析出，细小、弥散且数量较多，尺寸大多数在20～100nm之间，析出物主要为Al2O3、MnS、Cu7S4和Fe3C。     

不同破壁方法对活性污泥总DNA提取效果的影响

分别采用酶法、化学法、珠磨匀浆法和反复冻融法对活性污泥样品进行破壁，提取总DNA，并通过提取的核酸总量、纯度、片段分布情况、是否含有聚合酶链反应抑制剂以及基因间隔序列(ITS)扩增产物多态性等5个指标来评价不同的细胞破壁方法对活性污泥总DNA提取效果的影响。结果表明，化学法的优势最明显，提取的总量最多，大片段提取效果好，虽然杂质较多，但不影响聚合酶链反应，方法的偏倚性最小。     

苦参碱在玻碳电极上的直接电化学行为及电分析方法研究

研究了生理介质中苦参碱在玻碳电极上的直接电化学行为,结果发现,在0.30～1.20V(相对于SCE)的电位窗口内及0.15mol/LNaCl水溶液中,苦参碱在0.92V附近产生了一个不可逆氧化峰,并且在一定条件下电极反应受扩散步骤控制.运用差分脉冲伏安法研究了苦参碱的峰电流与其浓度的关系,确定了浓度测定线性范围4.0×10-4～1.4×10-2mol/L,检测限为(4.0±0.02)×10-4mol/L.用该方法测定了相应药物中苦参碱的含量,相对偏差在0.6%以内,平均回收率为100.0%～101.0%,测定的精密度和准确度符合测定要求.     

活性炭纤维对气体中乙醇吸附性能的研究

以活性炭纤维作为吸附剂，吸附气体中的乙醇，吸附实验是采用鼓泡法进行的，以高纯氮气为载气使乙醇饱和蒸气通过吸附柱，对影响活性炭纤维吸附性能的活性炭纤维用量、吸附时间、入口气体温度等因素进行了探讨。实验结果为活性炭纤维净化乙醇废气的工业应用提供了一定依据。     

控制冷却对CSP低碳锰钢组织和性能的影响

利用Gleeble1500热模拟机测定了薄板坯连铸连轧EAF-CSP工艺生产的低碳含锰钢经奥氏体区二次变形后的CCT曲线.实验钢含有0.17%C,1.21%Mn和0.28%Si(质量分数).研究表明:提高热轧后的冷却速度使Ar3温度降低,导致试验钢的晶粒进一步细化;冷速大于20℃/s时,出现贝氏体和铁素体的混合组织,可降低钢的屈强比;790℃终轧,550℃卷曲时出现铁素体/珠光体带状组织,提高冷速使溶质(如Mn和C)富集区在形成珠光体之前完成奥氏体-铁素体相变是避免生成铁素体/珠光体带状组织的有效方法.     

水杨酸在含夹带剂的超临界CO2中的溶解度

采用流动法测定和研究了水杨酸在308K,328K下,100～250MPa范围内,在纯超临界CO₂和环己烷、丙酮及乙醇做夹带剂的超临界CO₂中的溶解度。实验数据表明三种夹带剂的加入均增大了水杨酸在SC-CO₂中的溶解度,其增大幅度依次为环己烷、乙醇和丙酮。文中论述了温度、压力对溶解度的影响,对三种夹带剂的“提携”作用机理进行了分析,并用Sovova方程对实验数据进行了回归,得到了较满意的结果.     

Exogenous carbon acquisition of photosynthesis in Porphyra haitanensis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) under emersed state

The photosynthetic performances of Porphyra haitanensis thalli were investigated in order to understand its mechanisms for exogenous carbon acquisition during emersion at low tide. The emersed photosynthesis was studied by altering the pH value in the water film on the thalli surface, treating them with carbonic anhydarase inhibitors (acetazolamide and 6-ethoxyzolamide), adjusting the CO2 concentrations in the air, and comparing the theoretical maximum CO2 supply rates within the adherent water film with the observed photosynthetic CO2 uptake rates. It was found that the principal exogenous inorganic carbon source for the photosynthesis of P. haitanensis during emersion was atmospheric CO2. The driving force of CO2 flux across the water film was the CO2 concentration gradient within it. Carbonic anhydrase accelerated both extracellular and intracellular CO2 transport. The emersed photosynthesis of P. haitanensis was limited by the present atmospheric CO2 level, and would be enhanced by atmospheric CO2 rise that would trigger global warming.     

Analysis of carbon isotopes in airborne carbonate and implications for aeolian sources

Methods were developed to determine the mass ratios of carbon isotopes in trace amounts of aerosol carbonate. A Finnigan MAT 252 mass spectrometer fitted with an on-line Kiel device was to determine the ^13C/^12C ratio in CO2 produced from the carbonate. A study using these methods was conducted to characterize the carbonate carbon isotopes in aerosol samples collected in Xi‘an on dusty and normal days during March and April 2002. Results of the study demonstrate that insights into the origin of the dust can be deduced from its isotopic composition. That is, the δ^13C ofcarbonate for dust storm samples ranged from -1.4‰ to -4.2‰, and this is consistent with sandy materials in dust source regions upwind. In contrast, for non-dusty days δ^13C ranged from -7.5% to -9.3‰, which is more similar to fine particles emitted from local surface soils. Comparisons of dust storm aerosols with surface soils from source regions and with aerosol samples collected downwind indicate that the δ^13C values did not change appreciably during longrange transport. Therefore, carbon isotopes have the potential for distinguishing among source materials, and this approach provides a powerful new tool for identifying dust provenance.     

微生物絮凝剂M-25廉价培养基的开发研究

为了降低微生物絮凝剂M-25的生产成本,以查氏母液为基础,采用替代碳源和氮源的方法,开发出了廉价的替代碳氮源:淀粉和尿素.使用该替代培养基的发酵液处理高岭土悬浊液,絮凝率高达99.5%,比查氏培养基提高2.5%, 培养基成本降低近60%.     

黄土高原西缘末次盛冰期以来古气候演化的有机碳同位素记录

综合CaCO3含量、碳酸盐碳、氧同位素资料，并结合研究区的区域特征，对兰州红咀寺剖面有机碳同位素气候指示意义进行了研究．结果表明，在黄土高原西缘，有机碳同位素δ^13Corg波动反映C3／C4植物比例改变，指示温度变化．δ^13Corg值偏正时，表明C4植物含量较大，反映温度较高．有机碳同位素和CaCO3含量、碳酸盐碳、氧同位素共同揭示了兰州地区末次盛冰期气候较全新世明显偏低，在11．5kaBP，13．9kaBP存在两次明显的降温；进人全新世以后，兰州气候开始逐渐变暖，但仍存在8．8kaBP、5．0kaBP和3．2kaBP的三次突然升温以及8．0kaBP、6．8kaBP和5．3kaBP的降温事件，说明了兰州地区气候变化的复杂性和不稳定性．