Molecular characterization of H1N1 influenza A viruses from human cases in North America

Subtypes of H1N1 influenza virus can be found in humans in North America, while they are also associated with the infection of swine. Characterization of the genotypes of viral strains in human populations is important to understand the source and distribution of viral strains. Genomic and protein sequences of 10 isolates of the 2009 outbreak of influenza A （H1N1） virus in North America were obtained from GenBank database. To characterize the genotypes of these viruses, phylogenetic trees of genes PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NP, NA, NS and M were constructed by Phylip3.67 program and N-Linked glycosylation sites of HA, NA, PB2, NS1 and M2 proteins were analyzed online by NetNGlyc1.0 program. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these isolates are virtually identical but may be recombinant viruses because their genomic fragments come from different viruses. The isolates also contain a characteristic lowly pathogenic amino acid motif at their HA cleavage sites （IPSIQSR↓GL）, and an E residue at position 627 of the PB2 protein which shows its high affinity to humans. The homologous model of M proteins showed that the viruses had obtained the ability of anti-amantadine due to the mutation at the drug-sensitive site, while sequence analysis of NA proteins indicated that the viruses are still susceptible to the neuraminidase inhibitor drug （i.e. oseltamivir and zanamivir） because no mutations have been observed. Our results strongly suggested that the viruses responsible for the 2009 outbreaks of influenza A （H1N1） virus have the ability to cross species barriers to infect human and mammalian animals based on molecular analysis. These findings may further facilitate the therapy and prevention of possible transmission from North America to other countries.     

分形油藏低速非达西渗流问题的组合数学模型

将非线性分形几何理论应用于渗流力学,建立分形油藏低速非达西渗流问题的组合模型。该模型由两个同心圆(圆中心为一口定产量的生产井)的分形油藏组成,内域为低速非达西渗流的分形油藏,外域为达西渗流的分形油藏。在内边界定流量和考虑井筒储存、表皮效应影响情况下,建立了分形油藏低速非达西渗流问题的有效井径组合数学模型,应用拉普拉斯变换方法求出了在两区域内压力分布的解析解,应用Stehfest数值反演方法求得井底的无因次压力,并分析了井底压力动态特征和参数影响。     

甘薯品种岩8-6凝集素的分离纯化及其性质

甘薯品种岩8－6的叶片组织依次经硫酸铵分级沉淀,甲壳素亲和层析及Sephadex G-75分离纯化得到一种凝集素（IPomoea Batatas Lectin,简称IBL）,纯化的IBL电泳显示一条蛋白质着色带,IBL的亚基相对分子质量为47000,IBL对兔红细胞有凝集作用,凝血活性可被D－果糖明显抑制,IBL对热不稳定,加热到70度时,活性完全丧失,IBL对碱敏感,IBL含有16种氨基酸,富含Asp和Glu,中性糖含量为5．07％。     

稀土元素镧对满江红鱼腥藻的生理影响

对稀土元素镧（Ｌａ）对满江红鱼腥藻（Ａｎａｂａｅｎａ ａｚｏｌｌａｅ）的生理影响和满江红鱼腥藻对镧的富集作用进行了研究。结果显示低浓度镧对满江红鱼腥藻生长表现出促进作用,高浓度则表现出抑制作用。镧对满江红鱼腥藻的叶绿素ａ的合成、光事放氧活性也有影响,同样表现为低浓度促进,高浓度抑制。满江红鱼腥藻对镧的富集作用可能与其光合作用电子传递和能量合成有关。     

三乙醇胺-12-钼磷酸电荷转移盐的合成与性质研究

以 1 2 -钼磷酸和三乙醇胺为原料合成了一种新型电荷转移盐 [C6H10 O3 N]3 PMo12 O4 0 ·2H2 O .用C、H、N元素分析 ,ICP ,TG -DTA ,X射线衍射 ,IR、UV光谱对该化合物进行了表征 .结果表明 :1 2 -钼磷酸与三乙醇胺形成电荷转移盐后 ,其阴离子的Keggin结构基本不变 ,但其特征振动峰的位置发生了一定的位移 .还对该电荷转移盐的氧化还原性质及导电性等进行了讨论 .     

苯基羟胺及N-酰基衍生物的合成与表征

以硝基苯为原料在弱酸性条件下,利用锌粉还原合成苯基羟胺,讨论了反应温度对产物得率的影响;在酰卤试剂作用下生成Ｎ－酰化苯基羟胺,并用ＦＴＩＲ和＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ表征合成产物苯基羟胺及其衍生物。     

可聚合性季铵盐及其聚合物的合成与表征

合成了三种含不饱和双键和季铵盐：甲基丙烯酰氧乙基－苄基－二甲氯化铵（ＭＢ－ＤＡＣ）,甲基丙烯酰氧乙基－丁基－二甲基溴化铵（ＭＢＤＡＢ）和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基－乙基－二甲基溴化铵（ＭＥＤＡＢ）,用红外光谱,元素分析,核磁共振谱对其结构进行了表征。用自由基聚合法合成了ＭＢＤＡＣ的均聚物及其与甲基丙烯酸甲酯和苯乙烯的共聚物,并用元素分析、ＧＰＣ,红外光谱等表征了聚合物的结构,用ＤＳＣ和ＴＧ研究了其热稳定性,     

铕、铽对甲苯基丁基亚砜高氯酸盐的合成、表征与荧光性质

合成了发光性能良好的稀土元素（铕、铽）的对甲苯基丁基亚砜（ＴＢＳＯ）高氯酸盐配合物,通过元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱,电导率对其进行了表征,分析表明配合物的化学式为「Ｌｎ（ＴＢＳＯ）ｎ」「Ｃ１Ｐ４」３（Ｌｎ＝Ｅｕ,ｎ＝７;Ｌｎ＝Ｔｂ,ｎ＝６）,并研究了其中稀土离子的荧光光谱。     

烯效唑对杂交水稻的生理作用及增产效果研究

在杂交水稻两段育秧的不同时期用不同度烯效唑喷施叶片,通过考查秧苗素质和测定生理指标及产量,表明在第一段秧田的１叶１心期和寄秧１５ｄ后两次用１００ｍｇ／Ｌ烯效唑自理可培育出多蘖壮秧,秧苗移栽本田后生理代谢增强,叶片的叶绿素含量和光合速率提高,后期灌浆速率增大,有效穗增加,杂交水稻育秧施用烯效唑增产显著。     

Physiological functions of D-amino acid oxidases: from yeast to humans

D-Amino acid oxidase (DAAO) is a FAD-containing flavoenzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of D-isomers of neutral and polar amino acids. This enzymatic activity has been identified in most eukaryotic organisms, the only exception being plants. In the various organisms in which it does occur, DAAO fulfills distinct physiological functions: from a catabolic role in yeast cells, which allows them to grow on D-amino acids as carbon and energy sources, to a regulatory role in the human brain, where it controls the levels of the neuromodulator D-serine. Since 1935, DAAO has been the object of an astonishing number of investigations and has become a model for the dehydrogenase-oxidase class of flavoproteins. Structural and functional studies have suggested that specific physiological functions are implemented through the use of different structural elements that control access to the active site and substrate/product exchange. Current research is attempting to delineate the regulation of DAAO functions in the contest of complex biochemical and physiological networks.