一氧化氮的生物学作用研究

一氧化氮具有广泛的生理功能,对血管活动、胃肠运动具有调节作用,而且参与了神经信息的传递,与机体免疫也有密切关系。一氧化氮过量释放可导致神经毒性。     

全民健身──新时期体育事业的新起点

《全民健身计划纲要》在一个有12亿人口的中国实施越是对中华民族体育事业本来面目的一种升华，是世界健康潮流的必然结果，也是党和国家领导人重视体育的结果．这项系统工程在各方面努力配合之下，一定会取得更大的成绩．     

Caffeine as a psychomotor stimulant: mechanism of action

The popularity of caffeine as a psychoactive drug is due to its stimulant properties, which depend on its ability to reduce adenosine transmission in the brain. Adenosine A₁ and A_2A receptors are expressed in the basal ganglia, a group of structures involved in various aspects of motor control. Caffeine acts as an antagonist to both types of receptors. Increasing evidence indicates that the psychomotor stimulant effect of caffeine is generated by affecting a particular group of projection neurons located in the striatum, the main receiving area of the basal ganglia. These cells express high levels of adenosine A_2A receptors, which are involved in various intracellular processes, including the expression of immediate early genes and regulation of the dopamine- and cyclic AMP-regulated 32-kDa phosphoprotein DARPP-32. The present review focuses on the effects of caffeine on striatal signal transduction and on their involvement in caffeine-mediated motor stimulation.Received 8 July 2003; received after revision 7 September 2003; accepted 6 October 2003     

Identification of swelling-activated Cl<Superscript>-</Superscript> current in rabbit cardiac Purkinje cells

The presence and functional role of the swelling-activated Cl^- current (I_Cl(swell)) in rabbit cardiac Purkinje cells was examined using patch-clamp methodology. Extracellular hypotonicity (210 or 135 mOsm) activated an outwardly rectifying, time-independent current with a reversal potential close to the calculated Cl^- equilibrium potential (E_Cl). The magnitude of this current was related to tonicity of the superfusate. The current was blocked by 0.5 mM 4,4-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid (DIDS). These features are comparable to those of I_Cl(swell) found in sinoatrial nodal, atrial, and ventricular myocytes. I_Cl(swell) activation at 210 and 135 mOsm depolarized the resting membrane potential with 6 and 10 mV and shortened the action potential by 18 and 33%, respectively. DIDS partially reversed I_Cl(swell)-induced action potential changes. We conclude that I_Cl(swell) is present in Purkinje cells and its activation leads to action potential shortening and resting membrane potential depolarization, both of which can promote the development of reentrant arrhythmias.Received 20 January 2004; received after revision 17 February 2004; accepted 25 February 2004     

(Pt(am)_n(Ac-Cl)_2)和(Pt(am)_n(CBDCA))配合物的合成、表征及抗肿瘤活性的研究

本文合成及表征了十种铂配合物〔Pt(am)n(Ac-Cl)_2〕和〔Pt(am)_n(CBDCA)〕(n=1,2;am=NH_3、乙二胺、异丙胺、1,2—环已二胺、1,3—环已二胺、1,2,2＇—三甲基—1,3—环戊二胺:CBDCA=1,1＇—环丁二酸根;Ac—Cl=氯乙酸根),其中八种为新配合物。研究了它们的电子结构,并测定了它们对小鼠S—180肉瘤的抑制作用。结果表明,配合物的电子结构和动物实验结果与以前得到的铂配合物的构效关系相一致。     

试论少年运动员身体训练

身体训练是指发展力量、速度、耐力、灵敏和柔韧性等身体素质的训练。一个高水平的运动员必须具有健康的体魄和良好的身体训练基础。从生理学方面研究证实,各项身体素质发展最快的年令阶段都在青少年时期,因此根据青少年生理和心理特点,采用多功效的“综合性”练习手段,能使各项素质得到均衡的发展和提高;同时结合素质训练,让他们尽量熟悉各种运动项目,培养运动才能,提高机体各器官系统的机能能力,促进青少年身体正常生长发育,增强健康水平,为转入专项训练打下良好的身体训练基础。本文就以上诸方面,从青少年生理、心理特点以及从生化角度,对各项素质训练分别进行剖析,并提出一些练习内容和方法。     

近可积KdV物理系统中扰动对单孤子解的影响

基于KdV方程的较低级的两个守恒量——动量和质心,重新研究了近可积KdV物理系统中扰动对单孤子解的影响,导出了单孤子参数演化的一般方程,最后对耗散效应作了讨论.     

关于理想溶液的热力学分析

本文讨论了理想溶液的热力学行为,指出了理想溶液与Roault定律的区别以及二者的相互关系。     

并行环境下产品设计活动序列的研究

结合电磁轴承－转子系统，研究了产品设计过程的建模方法，建立了产品设计活动序列的网络模型及其矩阵表达，基于设计活动的序列网络模型，对设计过程中各设计活动序列出现的概率，关键路径及其延续时间作了分析研究，结果表明，这种方法可以对产品设计过程中的设计活动进行定量分析，从而来确定影响产品设计进程的关键环节，为并行设计的组织，实施提供指导。