2,3-Dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase gene was first discovered in Arthrobacter sp. strain PJ3

Bacterium strain PJ3,isolated from wastewater and identified as Arthrobacter sp. bacterium based on its 16S rDNA gene,could use carbazole as the sole carbon,nitrogen and energy source. The genomic library of strain PJ3 was constructed and a positive clone JM109(pUCW402) was screened out for the expression of dioxygenase by the ability to form yellow ring-fission product. A 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase(23DHBD) gene of 933 bp was found in the 3360 bp exogenous fragment of pUCW402 by GenSCAN software and BLAST analysis. The phylogenetic analysis showed that 23DHBD from strain PJ3 formed a deep branch separate from a cluster containing most known 23DHBD in GenBank. Southern hybridization confirmed for the first time that the 23DHBD gene was from the genomic DNA of Arthrobacter sp. PJ3. In order to test the gene function,recombinant bacterium BL21(pETW-8) was constructed to express 23DHBD. The expression level in BL21(pETW-8) was highest compared with the recombinant bacteria JM109(pUCW402) and strain PJ3. We observed that 23DHBD was not absolute specific. The enzyme activity was higher with 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl as a substrate than with catechol. The substrate specificity assay suggested that 23DHBD was essential for cleavage of bi-cyclic aromatic compounds during the course of aromatic compound biodegradation in Arthrobacter sp. strain PJ3.     

Phylogenetic relationships of native and introduced Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae) from China and India based on mtCOI DNA sequencing and host plant comparisons

Phylogenetic relationships for Bemisia tabaci were reconstructed by analysis of a ～780 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene with an emphasis on geographic range and distribution among eight eudicot plant families that are common hosts of B. tabaci worldwide to elucidate key phylogeographic linkages between populations extant in China (n=31) and India (n=34). Bootstrap values for the Maximum Parsimony tree were highly robust for all major nodes involving the major Asian clade, subgroups, and sister groups within, at 92%—100%. Between-clade distances for the Southeast Asia and three other major clades, e.g. from sub-Sahara Africa, North Africa-Mediterranean, and the Americas, were approximately >16% divergent. Two major Asian subgroups (I, II) were resolved, which represented populations indigenous to the region, comprising two (I a, I b) and five (II a—e) sister groups, respectively, which diverged by 11%. Two distinct populations from sunflower in Hyderabad grouped separately within the two Asian subgroups. All other populations grouped uniquely within Asian subgroup II or I. The “B” biotype was identified in 23 collections from China at 97.3%—99.5% nucleotide identity with “B” biotype reference sequences; it was not identified in collections from India. The majority of haplotypes were associated with 3—4 plant families, with one exception that for sister group IId (sesame, India), it might be monophagous. Thus, B. tabaci from the southeastern and near eastern regions of the Asian continent comprise of a large number of ancestral, richly divergent, mostly polyphagous populations. This region is therefore hypothesized to constitute an important Old World center of diversification for the B. tabaci complex, together with sub-Saharan Africa.     

不同地区大果沙枣nrDNA ITS比较及系统发育分析

对从GenBank搜取的12条大果沙枣nrDNA ITS序列变异进行了比较分析,发现大果沙枣的ITS长度在663～666bp之间,12条大果沙枣ITS序列共有23个变异位点,其中ITS1、ITS2变异位点多,分布为10个和11个,5.8S片段最为保守仅有2个突变位点.ITS全长及ITS1、5.8S、ITS2的GC含量都高于AT含量.分别采用邻接法（Neighbor-Joining）和最大简约法（Mini-mum Evolution）构建的ITS全长系统发育树显示,相同地区的大果沙枣并没有完全聚在一起,新疆和甘肃地区的聚类在一起,额济纳和外蒙古的相似性低,宁夏中卫大果沙枣位于系统树的基部,是最先分化的个体.     

一株抗氧化功能胞外多糖产生菌的生长特性及系统发育分析

从南京地区土壤中分离到一株产抗氧化功能胞外多糖的细菌菌株JS-1.菌株JS-1的生长范围较宽,中性至碱性环境,以及25~30℃范围内均可正常生长,可利用蔗糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、甘露醇和麦芽糖作为碳源,能很好地利用有机氮和硝态氮.部分长度的16S rDNA序列分析及系统发育分析表明,菌株JS-1与Enterobacter属同源性为99%,最终将菌株JS-1鉴定为Enterobactersp..     

黄河鮈Cytb基因克隆及其在鮈属中的系统发育

采用聚合酶链式反应克隆黄河鮈线粒体细胞色素b基因 (Cyt b),首次报道了该基因的全长序列(1140bp,FJ904648) ,并与鮈属中其他6个物种的Cyt b 基因进行同源性比较,分析了碱基组成和变异情况,以马口鱼属的马口鱼和鯝属的云南鯝作为外群构建了ML和NJ系统发育树.遗传距离和分子系统学分析表明,黄河鮈与犬首鮈具有较低的遗传距离(6.30%),在系统发育树上两者聚在一起,提示黄河鮈与犬首鮈存在较近的亲缘关系.     

多足动物系统发生的研究进展

介绍多足动物分子系统学、发育生物学、比较形态学等方面的研究情况及近年的研究进展，探讨多足类与节肢动物门内其他类群间的关系，以及多足类动物的单系性问题。     

A new species of a misophrioid copepod from the near-bottom waters off Brazil

The order Misophrioida is recorded for the first time in Brazilian waters and the new species Archimisophria squamosa, with some important plesiomorphic features, is described.     

Embryo retention,character optimization,and the origin of the extra‐embryonic membranes of the amniotic egg

This study summarizes the data relevant to understanding the appearance of the amniotic egg and provides new analyses to determine the inferences that can be drawn from these data. A survey of the recent literature shows that a consensus exists on the probably primitive absence of extended embryo retention in caecilians, despite recent suggestions to the contrary. The two most recent studies on the evolution of embryo retention in sarcopterygians both suggest that early amniotes lacked extended embryo retention. New analyses of length distribution of random trees suggest that the data on embryo retention do not include a phylogenetic signal, and this implies that character optimization of these data does not yield reliable information on the primitive condition for amniotes. Thus, the study of ancestral features of amniotes will probably have to exploit data from the fossil record.     

Description of the aberrant Leptopilina lasallei n. sp., with an updated phylogeny of Leptopilina Förster (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae)

ABSTRACT

In the search for native Asian parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii, the notorious spotted-wing Drosophila (SWD), an odd new species of Eucoilinae was discovered. Leptopilina lasallei sp. nov. is herein described and diagnosed relative to other eucoilines associated with drosophilid hosts. Morphologically, L. lasallei is somewhat aberrant within Leptopilina; phylogenetically, L. lasallei is sister group to the core Leptopilina. In the process of investigating L. lasallei, a de novo molecular phylogeny of Leptopilina was generated and is included here. The integrated approach used for the characterisation of L. lasallei, and the resulting phylogeny of Leptopilina, produced data useful to select parasitoid species for SWD biological control.http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:402D504A-4616-4524-85D7-1C13A6276F06 http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:402D504A-4616-4524-85D7-1C13A6276F06     

小鼠胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF1)基因启动子的生物信息学分析

生物信息学的发展为在线分析软件预测基因启动子的相关信息提供了众多有重要价值的参考信息.采用进化足迹法,结合生物信息学工具,运用在线软件进行分析,分析了小鼠IGF1基因的启动子结构.分析结果表明,在小鼠IGF1基因的启动子保守区内预测出6个转录因子结合部位,为探讨该基因的表达调控机制提供了重要参考.