过渡金属硫族化物纳米片的制备与生物应用

过渡金属硫族化物（TMDCs）是一类类石墨烯材料，具有高近红外吸收率，因此常被用作肿瘤光热治疗（PTT）过程中的光热剂以及光声成像（PAI）中的造影剂.TMDCs大多数情况下以二维纳米片的形式存在，具有更大的比表面积和更多的活性位点，可以通过负载不同功能的纳米小颗粒、药物小分子或生物大分子来赋予材料更多的可能性.文章主要介绍了TMDCs的合成与修饰，总结了常用的几种合成方法及其优缺点，以及该纳米材料在肿瘤诊疗中的一些应用.     

Iron manganese silicate incorporated bioactive hydrogels for therapy of skin tumor

There is clinical need to develop a multifunctional composite hydrogel for effectively removing residual tumor tissue and promoting wound healing after surgical resection of skin tumors. Herein, an iron manganese silicate (FeMn(SiO₄))-incorporated bioactive hydrogel for photothermal therapy of skin tumor cells has been successfully designed in the present study. The synthesized FeMn(SiO₄) (FMS) possessed a hollow sphere structure with rough surface, showing favorable photothermal effect. By incorporating FMS into the sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel, the prepared composite hydrogel (FMS/SA) exhibited the function of eliminating skin tumor cells in vitro by photothermal therapy (PTT). Moreover, attributed to the released bioactive ions (e.g., Fe, Mn and Si ions) from FMS, the FMS/SA composite hydrogel presented desirable biocompatibility, which is expected to benefit for skin wound healing of patients after skin tumor resection. Overall, the FMS/SA composite hydrogel has potential application in skin tumor therapy and wound healing, providing an effective and feasible strategy for the development of a comprehensive therapy for skin tumor after surgery.     

无碰撞灰盒模糊测试方法研究

灰盒模糊测试技术已被证实是一种高效实用的漏洞挖掘技术，在漏洞挖掘领域应用广泛，有大量的高危漏洞都是通过灰盒模糊测试找到的．AFL是灰盒模糊测试的经典代表之作，大量后续灰盒模糊测试都是在AFL的基础上根据不同条件进行改进得到的，可以说AFL是主流灰盒模糊测试的奠基之作．但是AFL仍然存在一些问题，AFL在对目标待测程序进行插桩时采用随机数代表桩点，在测试过程中采用两个桩点的随机数进行异或运算，得到结果用来表示一条边．这种方式使得在进行边的统计时就会出现HASH碰撞问题，导致有一定的概率新边无法被发现，从而影响AFL的漏洞挖掘效率．这个问题会随着待测程序的代码规模变大而显得愈发突出．本文通过改进汇编级插桩的方式，将基本块敏感的插桩改为分支敏感的插桩，从而将程序的控制流图改变为二叉树的形式，并采用非随机编码来标记各个桩点，较好地解决了HASH碰撞的问题．实验证明该方法有效，且由于该改进对于上层是透明的，可以应用于各个基于AFL的灰盒模糊测试工具中，从而提高模糊测试的效率．