脂质体转染人肝星状细胞和肝细胞条件优化

利用Lipofectamine 2000(Lipo)介导LacZ及EGFP基因转染人肝星状细胞系LX-2和人肝细胞系Chang Liver,探讨Lipo用量、质粒用量、转染时间、细胞初始接种密度及不同启动子驱动对转染效率的影响.结果显示,两种细胞均能得到高效转染,Chang Liver细胞转染效率(80%)高于LX-2细胞(60%).Lipo用量为每孔2μL,转染后6 h换液,LX-2细胞应用质粒DNA为每孔0.45μg,Chang Liver细胞应用质粒DNA为每孔0.30~0.45μg,此时转染效率最高.巨细胞病毒(CMV)启动子驱动LacZ转染效率与CMV早期增强子/鸡β肌动蛋白(CAG)启动子驱动增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)转染效率无显著差异;细胞初始接种密度对转染效率无显著影响.     

内存集群计算:交互式数据分析

本文围绕大数据分类中决策数据的管理和分析进行展开.重点分析了大数据时代关于商务智能(Business Intelligence,BI)技术新的应用需求;讨论了计算机硬件和体系结构的发展为决策数据管理和分析带来的挑战和机遇;通过对新兴典型应用的分析和相关技术和系统特点的总结,说明了基于内存计算的高性能数据管理和分析技术是当前亟待解决的问题,具有广阔的应用前景.在全内存式(in-memory)数据管理环境下,网络通讯将成为整个系统的主要瓶颈.结合内存的特点(数据易失性、内存墙瓶颈),设计针对高性能服务器的无共享分布式内存系统拓扑结构;研究面向异构、多层次缓存和内存结构的分布式数据布局与索引策略,跨核、跨处理器、跨服务器的多粒度并行处理框架,缓存感知、内存感知的分布式数据一致性维护等关键技术,轻量级面向按列存储的数据压缩机制及压缩感知的数据处理机制,将是基于内存计算的高性能数据管理与分析技术的重点研究内容,并将最终实现实时交互式分析处理.     

中华鳖性别决定敏感期的研究

在24℃和33℃对中华鳖性别决定的敏感期做了研究,实验结果证实中华鳖的性别决定有一个敏感期.性腺自7100度小时开始分化,13000度小时结束,以后的孵化温度对性别决定没有影响.     

脂质体磷脂与抗体蛋白的偶联方法

为使蛋白质分子(如抗体)易于在脂质体表面发生交联,同时能很容易地控制表面覆盖的范围,文中探讨一种简单而易于控制的免疫脂质体制备方法．通过添加一定比例的直链醛,并与卵磷脂、胆固醇混合,采用逆相蒸发法制备脂质体．研究结果表明,双层脂质分子中直链醛(十一醛)的亲水醛基暴露在水相中,能与抗体蛋白中的氨基形成席夫碱,并能通过改变最初与脂质混合时所使用的醛量来改变表面覆盖的范围．所制备的免疫脂质体抗体活性大大提高．     

基于上下文敏感度的动态图像目标识别

针对机载实时系统获取的图像序列既不满足背景固定又没有目标、背景的高灰度比,而且常规方法处理这些图像存在局限性,提出了基于上下文敏感度的运动图像目标识别算法.首先,对标准Hough变换(HT)算法进行改进,即沿着某一方向做HT,如果线段长度或已识别的目标点数加上剩余线段长度小于阈值,则停止此方向的扫描,这种变换克服了标准HT以图像边界点为扫描边界的缺点.其次,在静态图像识别的基础上,定义了图像识别的置信度,对运动图像前后帧的关系进行了量化,据此实现了对目标的识别.实验结果表明,与标准HT相比,改进的算法不仅具有很强的稳定性和高抗干扰能力,识别准确性高,而且处理速度是标准HT的3～5倍.     

Cypate介导的靶向热敏纳米脂质体用于肿瘤成像和光热触发的药物释放

本文合成了一种新型多功能的纳米靶向脂质体药物递送系统,即所述的光热敏感脂质体（PTSL）,它的水溶性层掺杂了阿霉素作为治疗剂,同时它的疏水层包裹了Cypate作为诊断剂外层磷脂修饰了靶向穿膜肽H_4-1.测试了PTSL的物理性质,稳定性以及脂质体的装载性能,合成的纳米复合材料具有针对性,稳定性和精准性,具有载药量（DL）9±1.5%和包封率（EE）82.7±2.1%.其Tm值落在43.1℃,其温度可以被认为能够显示有效的热疗法,但不燃烧的正常组织的合适温度.提高脂质体的Tm温度达到热敏脂质体的热敏温度,脂质体崩解同时包裹的化疗药物释放.与此同时,在细胞器水平上,PTSLs主要位于细胞质.当暴露在近红外光下,所述的Cypate可以产生单线态氧,从而引起膜的破裂.该脂质体可以实现靶向输送,增强光化学内化释放,化疗和热疗的功能.实验表明该PTSL是一种有前途的药物递送系统,用于肿瘤的诊断和靶向治疗.     

光热反射技术测量材料热扩散率的一种新方法

提出一种利用调制光热反射(MPR)技术测量固体材料热扩散率的新方法.通过比较待测样品与已知热扩散率材料幅频特性的差异,得到待测样品的热扩散率.理论分析表明,在利用MPR频响法测量材料热扩散率时,该方法无需测量泵浦和探测光斑半径的大小,可有效地避免泵浦和探测光斑半径的测量误差对热扩散率测量的不利影响.实验结果说明了上述方法的可行性.     

A new method for uniform local heating deep in body using ultrasound phased-array system

A new method for targeted heating of deep tissue was developed by using an ultrasound phased-array system which can generate various multiple foci patterns by electronically changing its amplitude or phase pattern. This method involves using a technique of combining switching and rotating of multiple foci patterns to create a uniform temperature over tissue volumes in various size. Using this method, the target tissue deep in the body can be heated to a specified temperature, which gives conditions for thermo-sensitive liposomes release. A simulation study for a 108-element, spherically sectioned array was performed to determine an optimal heating scheme from a set of multiple focus fields which were produced by inputting different combinations of phases and amplitudes. Comparisons of a static multiple foci field, the switched fields and the switched-rotated fields indicated that the technique of combining switching and rotating of multiple foci patterns has advantages of both lowering the peak temperature and evening the temperature distribution. The simulation results also show that the therapeutic heating zones in various size employing the combined method. These results offer significant data for designing thermotherapy equipment for tumor-specific drug release with thermo-sensitive liposomes.     

Comparison of classifications using measures intermediate between metric dissimilarity and consensus similarity

Two fundamental approaches to the comparison of classifications (e g, partitions on the same finite set of objects) can be distinguished One approach is based upon measures of metric dissimilarity while the other is based upon measures of similarity, or consensus These approaches are not necessarily simple complements of each other Instead, each captures different, limited views of comparison of two classifications The properties of these measures are clarified by their relationships to Day's complexity models and to association measures of numerical taxonomy The two approaches to comparison are equated with the use of separation and minimum value sensitive measures, suggesting the potential application of an intermediate sensitive measure to the problem of comparison of classifications Such a measure is a linear combination of separation sensitive and minimum value sensitive components The application of these intermediate measures is contrasted with the two extremes The intermediate measure for the comparison of classifications is applied to a problem of character weighting arising in the analysis of Australian stream basinsWe thank Bill Day, Mike Austin, Peter Minchin and two anonymous referees for many helpful comments We also thank P Arabie for useful discussion of consensus methods and character weighting     

Humidity Sensitive Properties of a Coplymer of Quaternary Ammonium Salt with Polyether-salt Complex

1 Results Humidity sensors have been widely used in meteorology, process controlling, agriculture and manufacturing. In recent year, more attention has been paid to resistive-type polymeric humidity sensors. Polyelectrolytes are the most usually used materials for their advantages of high sensitivity, fast response, easy preparation, low cost, etc[1,2]. In this paper quaternized and salt-doped copolymer of 2-(dimethylamino) ethylmethacrylate (DMAEMA) with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate ...