Super-high sensitivity systems for detection and spectral analysis of ultraweak photon emission from biological cell cells and tissues

Summary In this paper we summarize and discuss the modern technology and systems, studied and established by our research group, for performing the detection and special analysis incorporated with the super-high senstivity photon counting method for the study of ultraweak photon emission; for example, extra-weak bioluminescence and chemiluminescence from living cells and tissues, closely related to biochemical and biophysical processes and activities. An excellent sensitivity of the basic photon counting system, making it possible to achieve count rates in the very low range of one photoelectron per second to one per minute, allowed us to carry out in vivo as well as in vitro measurements, and analyses of ultraweak bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. Recent results concerning ultraweak photon emission from blood samples and organ homogenates of rats are presented and reviewed as one of the interesting and valuable applications of our modern technology for studying ultraweak cell and tissue radiation.     

Pineal function cannot prevent the occurrence of castration cells in male rats

Summary The relationship between the pineal gland and the pituitary gland was investigated in male rats. The results indicate that the hypothalamo-adenohypophysial-gonadal axis is affected by the pineal gland, but the appearance of castration cells following gonal ablation may be only slightly modified by alterations in pineal gland function.     

固定化茁芽丝孢酵母菌122降解苯酚的特性

用海藻胶和明胶混合包埋茁芽丝孢酵母菌122细胞制成凝胶珠,再用戊二醛交联,制得固定化细胞,试验比较了固定化细胞与游离细胞降解苯酚的最适pH、最适温度、pH和热稳定性、对CN~-、S~(2-)和金属离子的耐受性以及细胞的稳定性等,测定了细胞的K_m和V_m值,探讨了固定化细胞流化床反应器连续处理苯酚的特性。     

米曲霉自溶作用的研究Ⅱ自溶过程中细胞物质及酶活的变化

在米曲霉最佳的自溶条件下，对其自溶过程中重要的细胞物质及酶进行了测定，结果自溶液中测出１７种氨基酸酸，总氨基酸释放率为６８．７９％，核酸释放率为５０．００％，糖的释放率为２４．５８％，酸性蛋白酶活性高，而５’－磷酸二酯酶活性较低。     

用聚乙烯醇制备固定化增殖酒精酵母方法的研究

在聚乙烯溶液中加入阴离子交换树酯,混勾后流延成簿层后经紫外5个线照射和低温冰冻制成聚乙烯醇膜,该膜韧性强、透性大、耐腐蚀。用做酒精酵母固定化吸附裁体后,经镜检、批量发酵和连续发酵证实,酒精酵母在膜中能正常增殖且不易脱落。使用寿命达三十天以上,乙醇生成能力比游离细胞增加1.8倍。     

Indirect visualization of hematopoietic colony-forming stem cell (CFUs) as a possible target cell forMycoplasma arthritidis

Summary Utilizing specific rabbit antiserum againstM. arthritidis together with complement, a portion of the marrow 7-day CFUs population of CBA mice infected with live mycoplasma organisms 1 day previously was shown to be inactivated. These cells might therefore be considered as candidate target cells forM. arthritidis. 11-day CFUs were unaffected by similar treatment.     

Increased mitochondrial palmitoylcarnitine/carnitine countertransport by flavone causes oxidative stress and apoptosis in colon cancer cells

Cancer cell metabolism is characterized by limited oxidative phosphorylation in order to minimize oxidative stress. We have previously shown that the flavonoid flavone in HT-29 colon cancer cells increases the uptake of pyruvate or lactate into mitochondria, which is followed by an increase in O₂^−.. production that finally leads to apoptosis. Similarly, a supply of palmitoylcarnitine in combination with carnitine induces apoptosis in HT-29 cells by increasing the mitochondrial respiration rate. Here we show that flavone-induced apoptosis is increased more than twofold in the presence of palmitoylcarnitine due to increased mitochondrial fatty acid transport and the subsequent metabolic generation of O₂^−. in mitochondria is the initiating factor for the execution of apoptosis. Received 12 August 2005; received after revision 12 October 2005; accepted 14 October 2005