Population dynamics and spatial distribution of microbial species in multispecies biofilms under the action of direct electric current

The metabolism, population dynamics and spatial distribution of nitrifying bacteria and heterotrophs in biofilms under the action of direct electric current were investigated by using the micro-slicing technique. The nitrification rate of nitrifying bacteria was severely inhibited by a current over 10 Am^-2 at lower C/N ratios. Compared to heterotrophs, the nitrifying bacteria in the surface biofilms were severely inhibited, resulting in a significant decrease in bacterial density. An increase in current density narrowed the less current-sensitive inner biofilm region, and in addition the density of NO2-oxidizers decreased more significantly than that of NH4-oxidizers in the surface biofilms probably due to electrochemical reactions at the anode. However, the effect of current on both the population dynamics and the spatial distribution of the microbial species was less significant at larger C/N ratios.     

海洋细菌1202菌株产胞外多糖的适宜条件

应用响应面法(ResponseSurfaceMethod,RSM)对海洋细菌1202菌株胞外多糖发酵培养基进行优化.结果表明,适宜的发酵培养基组成为:蔗糖4%,酵母膏0.05%,玉米浆1.5%,CaCO30.15%,KH2PO40.08%,MgSO4·7H2O0.05%,FeSO4·7H2O0.01%,NaCl0.1%,pH7.5.在装液量为50mL(500mL三角瓶),接种量5%时,于28℃摇瓶培养7d,胞外多糖的产量可达到8.3mg/mL,转化率为20.75%.     

植酸酶基因表达与调控机制研究(Ⅰ)——发芽过程中植酸酶动态与贮藏态磷动员

分析了玉米和番茄种子发芽过程中植酸酶活性的动态变化与无机磷酸释放量的关系．结果表明,植酸酶活性变化与贮藏态磷释放量密切正相关,这种贮藏态营养的再动员对种子萌发和幼苗生长具有重要意义．     

藻类对矿石磷转化利用的研究

通过对沙角藻利用磷矿石粉作为唯一磷源生长状况的研究吸对其转化利用矿石磷情况的测定,结果表明该藻不仅能转化利用矿石磷粉中的磷以满足其本身生长的需要,而且可提高介质中有效磷的浓度为其它生物的生长提供磷源。     

东湖细菌生理群间的相关性和优势生理群的分析

研究了武汉东湖异养菌（ＨＢ）及７种细菌生理类群（产淀粉酶细菌（ＡＢ）、产蛋白酶细菌（ＰＢ）、产脂肪酶细菌（ＬＢ）、有机磷细菌（ＯＰＢ）、无机磷细菌（ＩＰＢ）、硝化细菌（ＮＢ）及反硝化细菌（ＤＮＢ））间的相关性。统计分析表明,ＨＢ、ＡＢ、ＬＢ、ＰＢ、ＤＮＢ彼此呈正相关,而这几种类群与ＮＢ、ＩＰＢ、ＯＰＢ呈负相关。根据异养性细菌生理群与ＨＢ比值的百分率,ＬＢ可谓东湖春季优势生理群,ＡＢ为秋季优势生理群。     

Origin and identification of bacteria which produce kairomones in the frass ofAcrolepiopsis assectella (Lep., Hyponomeutoidea)

The volatiles used by the parasitoidDiadromus pulchellus to find its host, the leek moth, are produced by the bacteria developing in the frass of the host larvae. The origin and the nature of these bacteria were investigated. Samples were taken from healthy leeks and from infested leeks in the field, as well as from the frass of larvae reared in the laboratory either on the host plant or on an artificial diet. The various species of bacteria identified were cultured in the presence of precursors of leek sulphur volatiles and their volatile emissions were analysed.Klebsiella oxytoca and variousBacillus, common decomposers of plant matter, were the principal species producing active volatiles which were alkyl disulphides.     

铸铁中磷的分布

利用 Auger 表面分析和化学分析等手段,研究了铸铁中磷在铁/石墨界面上的偏析及在铁相与石墨两相间的分配。实验结果表明,磷在球铁中有界面偏析现象,而在灰铁中没有发现偏析。磷在球铁和灰铁中的偏析特点正与硫在这两类铸铁中的偏析特点相反。     

藻类对生活污水细菌死亡率的影响

研究了标志星杆藻(Asterionella notata)、小定鞭金藻(Prymnesium parvum)和窄隙角毛藻(Chaetoceros affinis)在模拟生态条件下对生活污水细菌死亡率的影响。结果表明,标志星杆藻和小定鞭金藻对污水中的金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococous aureus),粪链球菌(Streptococcus faecalis),大肠菌群(Coliform group)以及细菌总数有很大的加速死亡作用和协同抗菌作用。这种作用在实验前期更加突出。于24h,在含小定鞭金藻水样中粪链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的死亡率分别增加 19.35％和 15.29％,在含标志星杆藻水样中,分别增加 14.18％和 14.90％。     

在AEO-9存在下,磷钒钼蓝—罗丹明6G离子缔合物高灵敏显色反应的研究

本文较详细地研究了在非离子表面活性剂AEO-9存在下,磷钒钼蓝-罗丹明6G缔合物水相光度法测定痕量磷的新方法。缔合物的最大吸收峰在526nm处,表观摩尔吸光系数ε为3.41×10~3lmol~(-1)cm~(-1),Sandell灵敏度为9.08×10~(-5)μgP/Cm~2。磷含量在0—1.2μg/25ml范围内遵守比尔定律。方法用于粮食、蔬菜、水果、土壤等农业样品中痕量碘的测定,结果令人满意。