生物操纵法治理富营养化湖泊的细菌类群研究

从污染水体中分离筛选出高效降磷除氮菌共９５株，经分类鉴定为假单胞菌属（Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ），芽孢杆菌属（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓ），肠杆菌科（Ｅｎｔｅｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉａｃｅａｅ）和硝化细菌科（Ｎｉｔｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒａｃｅａｅ）．经降磷测定实验表明，降磷率高达３１％～８０％的菌株占总磷细菌数的４４％．将分离的菌株按不同比例组合投入装有富营养化湖水和底泥的模拟装置中进行降解实验，结果总氮下降最高达８９．９％，总磷下降最高达９０．６％，同时浮游动物数量大为增加．说明物质正沿食物链流动．     

煤气化废水酚降解细菌的筛选及生长条件研究

从兰州煤气化排污口和泥土中取样,筛选出具有降解酚生理功能的细菌１２株,通过最佳营养配方选择和生长条件的研究,在实验室条件下,其中ＧＫ８２,ＧＫ１５０,ＧＫ１３４菌株在３５℃,１０８γ／ｍｉｎ旋转式摇床振荡培养２４－２８ｈ后,将煤气化废水中的６４１．９ｍｇ／Ｌ的酚降解,去除率达９８％。     

磁场对紫色非硫光合细菌脱色酶的影响

本文采用在紫色非硫光合细菌(简称PSB)的培养液中加入钡铁氧体磁粉的方法研完了磁场对PSB脱色酶活力的影响。结果表明,磁场作用于PSB表现出有益的生物效应,可提高脱色酶活力,增加脱色速度。     

Relationship between toxicity and molecular volume of dioxins,organic phosphorous compounds and <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-alkanols

The molecular volumes of dioxins, organic phosphorous compounds and n-alkanols were computed at the B3LYP/6-311G** level, and were then correlated with their toxicity. It was surprisingly found that there exists the so-called “critical volume of toxicity“ (CVT) in each series of compound of the present study, i.e. the toxicity increases with increase of the molecular volume when less than CVT, while decreasing with increase of the molecular volume when larger than CVT. The CVT for the three series of compounds is quite similar, ranging 0.309----0.320 nm^3. It was proposed that the ordinary linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) should be modified with respect to the new findings, and accordingly the anaesthetic potency of partial fluorinated n-alkanols was predicted.     

Direct observation of the clockwise light-driven rotation of F<Subscript>0</Subscript>F<Subscript>1</Subscript>-ATP synthase complex

The purified thermophilic bacterium PS3 F₁ β _10×His-tag is inserted into the F_oF₁-ATP synthases of chro-matophores isolated from photosynthetic bacteria Rhodo-spirillum rubrum. The studies of biochemical properties of the hybrid chromatophores show that they have both protons-driving capability and photophosphorylation. The fluorescent actin filaments, as a marker of its orientation by video-microscopic experiment, are connected via Maleimido-C₃-NTA to the reconstituted β_10×His-tag of F_oF₁-ATP synthases. The clockwise rotation of F_oF₁-ATP synthases driven by light is observed directly when viewed from the F_o side to F₁. This system should be valuable for further studying the coupling property of F_oF₁-ATP synthase.     

三种褐藻乙醇提取物抗动植物病原菌活性

采用纸片法对3种褐藻的乙醇提取物进行抗动植物病原菌的实验.结果表明:3种褐藻的抗细菌活性强于抗真菌活性.大部分薄层层析分离组分的抗菌活性均强于未分离前的海藻粗提物.3种褐藻均对3种鱼病病原菌具有抑菌活性,其中以羊栖菜的抑菌效果为最好.其具体的活性物质还有待于作进一步的研究.     

福建省山仔水库表层沉积物磷形态特征研究

结合X射线荧光和X射线衍射分析,采用化学连续提取法和欧洲SMT法对福建省山仔水库表层沉积物的磷形态进行分级提取测定.结果表明山仔水库表层沉积物总磷含量在400～700μg/g之间,无机磷占大多数,无机磷中铁磷的含量占总磷量的35%～45%,"活性"较大的铝/铁结合态磷和有机磷占总磷含量的70%～90%,表明山仔水库表层沉积物具有较大的释磷潜能.     

活性炭负载磷钼酸催化合成乙酸环己酯的研究

以活性炭负载磷钼酸为催化剂,由乙酸和环己醇合成乙酸环己酯.优化的反应条件为:在以环己烷为带水剂,催化剂用量为反应物总量的2%(质量分数),醇酸比1∶1.1,反应温度110℃,反应时间90min的条件下,酯化率达88.5%,产品纯度>98%.     

沸石去除铜绿微囊藻的试验研究

用粒径0．28mm以下的沸石粉处理实验室培养、处于稳定期的铜绿微囊藻水样，结果表明：沸石粉颗粒通过吸附一沉淀作用，使铜绿微囊藻细胞及其群体产生沉降，且沉降性能稳定，并可以有效地去除水中的氨氮和活性磷，特别是对活性磷吸附牢固；沸石粉效果的显著性与其投加量有关，投加量越高，效果越显著；藻类自身特性对沸石粉的沉降效果有显著影响。     

赤霉素在钼蓝法测定煤中磷的应用

利用赤霉素作为显色剂,实验测定煤中磷的含量.结果表明,在1.0mol/L盐酸介质中,将磷钼杂多酸还原成磷钼杂多蓝,其最大吸收波长为670nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.39×104L.mol-1.cm-1,线性范围为0~0.1mg/50mL.该法准确、可靠.