创伤对机体脂质过氧化及抗氧化能力影响的实验研究

摘要: 目的探讨创伤对机体脂质过氧化及抗氧化能力的影响。方法选择普通级新西兰兔11 只采集血样,采集后双侧耳缘小静脉反复穿刺,隔日1 次,连续2-3 次,建成创伤模型后采集血样,检测建模前后2 组血清丙二醛( MDA) 、超氧化物歧化酶( SOD) 、过氧化氢酶( CAT) 、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶( GSH-Px) 、总抗氧化能力( T-AOC) 指标,并予以统计分析。结果MDA: A 组( 3. 048 ± 1. 259) nmol /L,B 组( 3. 251 ± 1. 695) nmol /L,A 组水平低于B 组;T-SOD: A 组( 384. 314 ± 50. 122) U/mL,B 组( 348. 942 ± 45. 852) U/mL,A 组水平高于B 组; CAT: A 组( 6. 121 ±4. 097) U/mL,B 组( 4. 563 ± 2. 223 ) U/mL,A 组水平高于B 组; GSH-Px: A 组( 377. 808 ± 72. 726 ) U/mL,B 组( 349. 942 ± 54. 021) U/mL,A 组水平高于B 组; T-AOC: A 组( 5. 537 ± 2. 128) U/mL,B 组( 4. 633 ± 2. 074) U/mL,A组水平高于B 组; 组间差异均无统计学意义( P ＞ 0. 05) 。结论创伤对机体脂质过氧化及抗氧化能力具有一定影响,但无显著性影响。     

非诺贝特对非酒精性脂肪肝大鼠肝损伤作用的实验研究

摘要: 目的观察非诺贝特对大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝模型的影响。方法采用灌胃高糖高脂乳剂建立大鼠非酒精性 脂肪肝模型,观察非诺贝特对模型大鼠血脂、肝脂等指标的影响。结果非诺贝特0. 05 g / kg 剂量组能显著增加大 鼠肝系数,降低脂肪肝模型大鼠血清和肝组织甘油三酯( triglyceride,TG) ,增加血清总胆固醇( total cholesterol, TCH) 、低密度脂蛋白( low-density lipoprotein,LDL) ,降低血清高密度脂蛋白( high density lipoprotein,HDL) ( P ＜ 0. 05 和P ＜ 0. 01) ,加重肝细胞的损伤。结论非诺贝特具有降脂作用( TG) ,同时却加重脂肪肝模型大鼠肝脏损伤。     

野生山葡多酚对高脂血症小鼠脂代谢的影响及抗氧化作用研究

目的研究野生山葡多酚对脂代谢的影响及抗脂质过氧化作用.方法观察不同浓度野生山葡多酚对高脂血症小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及脂质过氧化(LPO)水平的影响.结果野生山葡多酚200 mg/(kg·d-1)×56 d组小鼠血清TG,TC,LPO含量明显低于高脂饲料组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.01),而野生山葡多酚100 mg/(kg·d-1)×56 d组小鼠血清HDL-C含量显著高于高脂饲料组(P＜0.01),动脉硬化指标(AI)显著低于高脂饲料组(P＜0.01).结论野生山葡多酚具有显著降低血脂含量和抗脂质过氧化作用.提示野生山葡多酚具有防治动脉硬化作用.     

复配香辛料精油处理对冷藏藏羊肉氧化特性的影响

为探究一种有效减缓冷鲜羊肉肌原纤维蛋白(myofibrillar protein,MP)氧化和脂质氧化的方法,以藏羊肉为研究对象,用体积分数为0.8%的孜然精油、0.35%的花椒精油、0.25%的肉桂、98.6%的吐温80复配精油进行涂抹,真空包装后于4℃下贮藏,探究冷藏期内MP氧化和脂质氧化情况。随冷藏时间的延长,空白组、对照(CK)组和处理组羰基含量、巯基含量、表面疏水性、硫代巴比妥酸(thiobarbituric acid,TBA)值和过氧化值(peroxide value,POV)均逐渐上升,二硫键含量逐渐下降,但处理组变化速率较空白组和CK组慢;同时在贮藏15d时,空白组和CK组TBA值均大于国标值1.00mg/kg(分别为1.16、1.15mg/kg),而处理组在24d才达到0.96mg/kg。相比空白和CK组,复配香辛料精油处理提高了藏羊肉MP表面疏水性与各指标间的相关性,显著抑制了藏羊肉MP的氧化,一定程度减缓了藏羊肉的脂质氧化速率。研究结果表明,在真空包装方式下复配精油处理可延长藏羊肉贮藏期9d,希望本研究为藏羊肉贮藏保鲜方法的深入研究提供有效的理论依据。     

银杏种子脱水敏感性的研究

【目的】研究银杏种子脱水敏感性及相关的生理生化变化,为银杏种子贮藏、种质资源的保存及苗木生产提供理论依据。【方法】银杏种子于25 ℃、湿度(25±2)%条件下脱水67 d,种子含水量每下降5%左右时随机取样测定相关生理生化指标。【结果】当种子含水量降至45.1%时,发芽率并未有明显变化,然而,当种子含水量降至40.1%时,发芽率从开始的92%下降至50%;相关性分析表明种子含水量与发芽率之间存在极显著的正相关(r=0.910)。银杏种子脱水过程中,其相对电导率不断上升。此外,SOD活性变化与POD活性的变化基本相似,均呈现出先下降,后升高至最大值,再下降的趋势,只是其POD活性的上升比SOD早,说明POD的反应比SOD更为敏感。种子含水量与硫代巴比妥酸反应产物(TBARS)含量(r=-0.619)、相对电导率(r=-0.745)之间存在极显著的负相关关系。【结论】银杏种子对脱水高度敏感,表现出顽拗型种子特点。严重脱水降低了银杏种子抗氧化酶活性,并加剧了膜脂过氧化作用,导致种子活力下降乃至完全丧失。     

Inhibitory effects of chitosan on superoxide anion radicals and lipid free radicals

With the electron spin resonance (ESR) technique, the inhibitory effects of chitosan on superoxide anion radicals and linoleic acid lipid radicals were found. The inhibitory ratio E for these two kinds of radicals is in proportion to the concentration of chitosan. It was also observed that E for linoleic acid lipid radicals increased with the increase of the degree of deacetylation and decreased with the increase of the molecular weight of chitosan.     

ABCA2: a candidate regulator of neural transmembrane lipid transport

Studies in the past years have implicated multispan transmembrane transport molecules of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter family in cellular lipid export processes. The prototypic ABC transporter ABCA1 has recently been demonstrated to act as a major facilitator of cellular cholesterol and phospholipid export. Moreover, the transporter ABCA4 (ABCR) plays a pivotal role in retinaldehyde processing, and ABCA3 has recently implicated in lung surfactant processing. These pioneering observations have directed considerable attention to the A subfamily of ABC proteins. ABCA2 is the codefining member of the ABC A-transporter subclass. Although known for some time, it was not until recently that its complete molecular structure was established. Unlike other ABC A-subfamily members, ABCA2 is predominantly expressed in the brain and neural tissues. The unique expression profile together with available structural data suggest roles for this largest known ABC protein in neural transmembrane lipid export. Received 31 January 2002; received after revision 11 March 2002; accepted 11 March 2002     

磷脂与尿素相互作用的振动光谱和理论计算研究

用拉曼光谱和密度泛函方法研究了尿素和磷脂溶液的相互作用。光谱实验结果表明,尿素的NH2的伸缩振动移向低波数,磷脂的PO2的伸缩振动移向高波数。在B3LYP/6-31+G水平上,对磷脂模型化合物和尿素之间的相互作用进行了理论计算,所得结果很好地解释了观察到的实验现象。从而得到了尿素和磷脂之间可以形成氢键的证据。     

Organic geochemical studies of sinking particulate material in China sea area II

Conclusions We have for the first time studied the compositions of ketone, aldehyde and alcohol lipid compounds in sinking particulate materials from Yongshu Reef lagoon and the continental shelf of the East China Sea collected by sediment trap sampling apparatus. The results indicate that sinking particulate materials contain abundant isoprenoid ketone, aldehyde and alcohol lipid compounds which take part in marine chemical cycling. The compositional features of these compounds show that sinking particulate organic matter mainly comes from autochthonous marine organisms and Yongshu Reef lagoon has more submerged macrophytes-derived component, while the continental shelf of the East China Sea contains more dinoflagellate-derived constituent. The contribution of higher land plant to sinking particulate organic matter may be very small. In contrast, it is greater in Yongshu Reef lagoon than that in the continental shelf of the East China Sea. Sinking particulate organic matter in the two regions undergoes strong biochemical transformation processes before reaching the depth of 5 m to the sea floor, and its intensity is greater in Yongshu Reef lagoon than in the continental shelf of the East China Sea. These results have certain reference value to the researches of marine chemistry, marine biology and marine sedimentology in China, and reveal the importance of organic geochemistry to the study of oceanology.