中华稻蝗雄性附腺和储精囊的组织学研究

通过腺体标本制作技术、石蜡切片技术和光镜观察，研究了中华稻蝗成虫的雄性附腺和储精囊的结构和功能．结果表明，由中胚层发育而来的附腺由15对(8对乳白管，7对透明管)一端开口于射精管，另一端封闭的腺管组成其组织由里到外为上皮层、底膜、肌肉层和结缔组织膜，并按上皮细胞，分泌物将乳白腺管分为酸性腺管和颗粒腺管，透明腺管分为碱性腺管、粘液性腺管和混合性腺管．这些腺管于成虫前后期在大小、上皮细胞、分泌物发生一些变化．精子在储精囊中成团分布，储精囊具柱状上皮细胞和分泌细胞，底膜和肌肉层较发达，围脏膜中有气管，其盲端和中后段组织结构有差异．     

褪黑素对小鼠卵母细胞体外自发成熟的影响

本文通过卵母细胞自发成熟体外培养模型研究了褪黑素(MT)对小鼠如母细胞成熟的影响。结果表明:0.1mg/ml、0.02mg/ml、0.004mg/mg及0.0008mg/ml浓度的MT均能显著抑制小鼠卵丘卵母细胞复合体(CEO_s)自发成熟过程(P<0.01)。但对裸卵(DO_s)自发成熟,没有影响。结论:MT是调节哺乳动物卵母细胞成熟的重要激素之一,其作用机制可能是通过卵丘细胞实现的。     

高效液相色谱法测定大豆混合磷脂中的卵磷脂

用高效液相色谱法对水化油脚提取物中所得的卵磷脂(PC)进行了定性和定量分析,采用Lichorosorb si-60色谱柱,氯仿-甲醇-水为流动相,蒸发光散射检测器检测。结果表明:在15min内可将卵磷脂与其它组分完全分离,用外标法进行定量,线性关系良好。卵磷脂的平均回收率为97.69%～99.23%,相对标准偏差为0.82%～0.94%。     

蕨卵细胞发育的超微结构研究

运用电子显微镜对蕨(Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn var.latiusculum (Desv.) Underw)的卵细胞发育进行了研究.结果表明:在卵细胞形成的早期阶段即幼卵细胞时期,卵细胞呈四边形,膜外开始积累嗜锇物质,细胞核椭圆形;到卵细胞发育成熟即成熟卵细胞时期,卵细胞形状变化很大,呈新月形,嗜锇物质在膜外形成一连续的卵膜,细胞核形状与幼卵时期明显不同,形成了核外突.同时还报道了在卵细胞发育过程中各种细胞器的形态变化.     

聚合物囊泡及其形成机理

聚合物囊泡因其独特的结构和应用背景以及作为高分子物理和软物质物理的理想模型体系得到了人们的广泛关注.本文综述了嵌段共聚物通过自组装所形成囊泡的结构、性质及其应用,并重点介绍了囊泡形成的动力学过程及其物理机制,其目的是使人们更有效地通过物理手段调控聚合物囊泡的结构及其形成过程.     

盐或尿素引发阴离子/阳离子表面活性剂复配体系中囊泡自发形成(英文)

在无盐时,阳离子表面活性剂磷酸酯(PTA)和阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)复配体系在某些比例得到自发形成的囊泡,而盐或尿素的加入可以扩大自发形成囊泡的比例范围,首次用尿素诱导了囊泡的自发形成,采用负染色透射电镜和动态光散射方法对囊泡进行了表征.并通过分子几何堆积因子f对盐和尿素诱导囊泡自发形成机理进行了理论上的探讨.     

A factor potentiating serotonin in the induction of germinal vesicle breakdown in surf clam oocytes

Summary Simultaneous addition of an aliquot of body fluid obtained from the surf clam,Spisula solidissina, enhanced oocyte germinal vesicle breakdown induced with serotonin but not with KCl. When the body fluid and serotonin were added sequentially to the oocytes, potentiation did not occur. Body fluids of both males and females were effective at a 200-fold dilution. The factor is stable when treated with heat, acid, base, trypsin and pronase. It is hydrophobic and not dialyzable through tubing with a molecular weight cutoff of 1000 daltons. The factor is probably not a protein.17 November 1986Acknowledgments. This work was supported by the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Science Program, NSF INT-8211350, and Rockefeller Foundation Grant GAPS 8506. The authors thank Drs H. Shirai, T. Kishimoto, K. Sano, E. Sato and H. Ueno for valuable discussion.     

Autoradiographic studies on RNA synthesis and transport in the ovary ofHydrophilus olivaceus fabr. (Hydrophilidae,Polyphaga, Coleoptera)

Summary Autoradiographic studies using³H-uridine in the ovary ofHydrophilus olivaceus Fabr. show that nurse cells, the germinal vesicle and follicular nuclei play an important role in contributing RNA whereby the major portion of RNA comes from the nurse cells.I am grateful to Prof. P. S. Ramamurty, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India, for his constant inspiration during the tenure of the present investigation.     

Al^3＋ -induced vesicle formation

Aluminium laurate [Al(OOCC11H23)3] was synthesized as a surfactant, which can dissolve in micellar solution of a zwitterionic surfactant, tetradecycldimethylamine oxide (C14DMAO). The phase behavior of the mixtures of Al(OOCC11H23)3 and C14DMAO in water was studied and birefringent Lα-phase was observed. The birefringent Lα-phase consists of vesicles that were demonstrated by Polarizer and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) micrographs. Al3 -coordinated vesicles could be used as templating-precursor, providing a vesicle-route for preparation of inorganic nanoscale particles.     

极大节旋藻气囊蛋白基因gvpA克隆与序列分析

为了研究极大节旋藻气囊蛋白的分子生物学特性,并为gvpA基因的研究提供基础材料,在对极大节旋藻GSS序列分析的基础上,采用PCR技术克隆了gvpA基因的全长序列,并进行了相关分析。结果表明极大节旋藻gvpA基因编码区的GC含量为42.92%,核苷酸序列和蛋白序列与Planktothrix agardhii的gvpA基因相似性最高(79.4%,97.2%),其次是Pseudanabaena sp.PCC6901(75.3%,94.4%)。系统发生分析表明极大节旋藻gvpA基因与Planktothrix agardhii的gvpA基因同源性最高(89%ML,85%MP,89%NJ)。