Phenotypic and genetic variation between two populations of the Chinese yellow pond turtle, Mauremys mutica （Cantor, 1842）

Mauremys mutica (Cantor, 1842) is an endangered species in China. Main phenotypic variations in body color, body weight, body shape, clutch size, egg size, and hatchling size were revealed between the southern and northern populations. Both populations have the phenomenon of "larger male" sexual size dimorphism (SSD), especially in the southern population. Furthermore, genetic variations between the two populations were analyzed by RAPD band patterns of 30 random individuals in each population. The average genetic distance was 0.299±0.108 among the samples of two populations. The average genetic distance between southern and northern populations was 0.305±0.046. Cluster analysis indicated that all the individuals from the southern and northern populations were clustered among themselves to form two distinct clades. A total of 20 population-specific RAPD fragments were scored from 16 primers, and could be used as RAPD markers for distinguishing the southern and the northern population. Based on the nucleotide sequences of two RAPD markers, two pairs of SCAR primers (SC1-S and SC2-S) were designed, which could be used as SCAR markers for the southern population. According to the significant phenotypic and genetic variations, we suggested that the northern population and southern population might be considered as two separate taxa, the "northern taxon" and the "southern taxon", and the conservation should be respectively conducted on the two taxa.     

Skeletal morphogenesis and growth check lines in the Antarctic bryozoan Melicerita obliqua

Skeletal morphology and colony growth pattern of the Antarctic bryozoan Melicerita obliqua from the eastern Weddell Sea, on the Weddell Sea shelf, have been investigated in order to test the hypothesis of a relationship between growth banding and the seasonal variability of the high Antarctic environment. Melicerita obliqua is a common endemic species on Antarctic shelves. The colonies are bifoliate-flattened and sabre-shaped, and are anchored with organic rootlets in the sediment. The most significant feature of the skeletal morphology is the segmentation of the colony caused by the formation of annual growth check lines. Formation of check lines occurs as a combination of thickened walls in the proximal part of the nodal autozooid and an oblong, thin-walled distal part. Both are separated by a back-fold of the frontal cryptocyst resulting in a narrow slit on the cryptocyst. Changes in the length of autozooids and segments indicate seasonal and inter-annual variations in the environmental factors. Within a segment, nodal autozooids are longest, whereas autozooids immediately proximal to the next node are shortest. The length of segments varies within a single colony but shows a slight decrease with colony age. Melicerita obliqua displays a slightly decreasing growth rate with increasing age, hinting at a limited life span fixed in the genetic programme. Individual colonies of M. obliqua reveal a maximum age of about 45 years. Seasonal growth patterns in the colony are expressed in segment formation with nodes and internodes, differences in autozooid length, and polypide degeneration/regeneration cycles. Sizes of segments within colonies are used to calculate colony growth rate. Variations in colony growth rate calculated from length increment of segments depict a pattern of longer and shorter segments indicating phytoplankton variability between the years.     

Seasonality and abundance of Metamasius callizona (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), an invasive insect herbivore,on two species of Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae) in Florida

Seasonality and abundance of an insect herbivore population are regulated by a complex array of forces from the bottom up, from the top down, and from competition and the environment. This paper examines the effect that two host plants have on an insect herbivore in the absence of top‐down regulation or competition. Metamasius callizona is an invasive bromeliad‐eating weevil in south Florida that has escaped its natural parasitoid in its home range. A 4‐year field study shows the weevil to be present and active year‐round, but to exhibit different patterns of seasonality and abundance on two of its host plants. It is argued that this demographic variability is generated by the differences in leaf type and growth habit that exist between the two host plants.     

3C446光变的α-P环分析

从UMRAO(University of Michigan Radio Astronomy Observatory)获得了3C 446射电4.8、8.0、14.5 GHz波段的长时间观测数据——流量密度和偏振度P,计算了射电谱指数,并根据谱指数给出了谱变参数β。研究了偏振度P4.8 GHz与谱变参数β之间的关系,结果表明:β与P4.8 GHz之间存在弱相关,相关系数r=0.21,差异性水平p=4.2%;β和P4.8 GHz的关系可以用椭圆曲线拟合,按照时间序列,拟合椭圆沿逆时针方向变化;β和P4.8 GHz的2个关系椭圆环存在的时间间隔分别是3.38 yr和12.54 yr。     

活动星系核长期射电闪烁特性研究

论文选取3C120天体在射电波段的30多年的观测数据作为样本,分别作出了4.8 GHz,8.0GHz和14.5 GHz三个射电波段的光变曲线,用结构函数对其进行分析,计算峰值流量、闪烁持续时间和变化指数,并与早期的研究作了比较,观测结果与理论模型符合得很好。我们的研究也表明闪烁能量释放与闪烁持续时间无关。     

基于相对关联距离熵的水文变异点识别

 从重构的径流时间序列相空间轨迹中提取反应水文系统状态变化信息的参数——相对关联距离熵,根据相对关联距离熵的变化来辨识水文系统状态的跳跃,识别出水文变异点。将该方法应用于东江流域的博罗站50 a实测逐月径流序列中,较准确的识别变异发生的时间,检验性能优于传统方法,特别适用于具有多变点的时间序列。通过变异分析表明,东江流域博罗站在1972年发生水文变异,其径流在主要受降雨影响的同时,愈来愈受到水利工程的影响。     

一种基于概念格的软件产品线演化分析方法

针对软件产品线演化成因分析、资产演化跟踪以及演化范围界定等问题,提出了一种基于概念格的软件产品线演化分析方法.该方法把引起软件产品线演化的因素分为内、外两部分,同时利用形式概念理论中的概念格,建立基于概念格的软件产品线演化分析框架,利用该框架可以实现对内、外演化因素的关联关系分析,软件产品线的资产演化跟踪以及软件产品线...     

吉林省精准农业核心技术示范区土壤养分空间变异性研究

利用地理信息系统地统计分析模块分析吉林省精准农业核心技术示范区的土壤养分空间变异特征,探讨土壤养分的空间变异规律.研究结果表明,采样区碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质均为中等空间相关性;土壤速效磷变程最大,有机质变程最小;速效磷和有机质为中等变异,碱解氮和速效钾为弱变异性.     

下蜀栎林土壤空间变异性及其样本容量的确定

在栎林中多剖面采样测定土壤体积质量、非毛管孔隙度、稳渗率、有机质、pH等土壤因子。结果表明,各因子都具有一定的空间变异性,且垂直方向的变异大于水平方向。这种空间变异性的存在决定了在开展土壤研究中必须根据误差理论确定样本容量,才能保证测定结果具有可比性。统计分析结果显示,测定土壤稳渗率需要大量的样本,而测定其他因子,则仅需要20个以下样本即可以保证95%的可靠性。     

On use of the alpha stable self-similar stochastic process to model aggregated VBR video traffic

1 .INTRODUCTIONThe conventional short range dependence (SRD) basedtraffic models such as Poisson or Markov, have beenproved not suitable for the analysis of network trafficwith long range dependence (LRD) . While use thesemodels on networktraffic withself-si milarity,LRD,theperformances of network,suchas buffer overflowprob-ability,cell lose probability,delay,etc.,would becomehigh and unstable. However ,recent researches tell us,self-si milarity and LRDare the most i mportant charac-…