基于多特显点的干涉ISAR横向定标技术

针对干涉式逆合成孔径雷达(InISAR)成像时低信噪比和干涉相位缠绕带来的问题,利用ISAR图像强像素点处信噪比较强的这一特性,提出了一种新的基于多特显点的InISAR成像方法.该方法利用ISAR图像中若干特显点的解缠绕后的真实相位差,解得特显点的横距;然后根据特显点的多普勒频率和横距的关系,对整幅ISAR像进行横向定标.仿真结果表明,该方法对噪声有较强的稳健性,其能正确成像时的信噪比水平与传统方法相比有10-15 dB的降低.     

基于提升静态小波变换的自适应消噪方法

基于离散小波变换的自适应消噪方法为雷达信号的滤波提供了一种可行的方法.但DWT不具有平移不变性,若不用相同的小波对滤波后的信号进行重构,则会带来较大的重构误差.针对这一现象,提出了基于提升静态小波变换的自适应消噪方法,它首先根据DWT的提升方法,得到SWT的提升和对偶提升实现方法,然后通过SWT的提升方法将信号分解为多个子带,利用引入更多动量因子的权系数的迭代公式进行自适应匹配.并对匹配结果二次自适应,得到拟合的原信号.仿真结果表明,该方法可在计算量增加不大的前提下,进一步改善系统的滤波性能.     

电能计量互感器异常断相分析与故障仿真

在电能计量互感器出现断相故障的理论分析基础上,应用Matlab/Simulink构建了某35kV高压三相三线电能计量的仿真模型,并对电能计量互感器正常运行和多种不同断相故障现象进行了仿真,与实测数据和理论结果比较,验证了仿真模型的正确性,从而应用该模型对实际电能计量出现异常数据的现象进行了故障仿真分析,有效地辅助解决了实际工程问题.     

Participatory Sustainability Impact Assessment: Scientific Policy Advice as a Social Learning Process

This paper deals with the development of scientific policy advice by providing a methodology to foster a social learning process. The methodology, called participatory Sustainability Impact Assessment (pSIA), aims to structure complex problem situations, to clarify interests and basic assumptions, to interpret scientific studies, to develop impact assessment, and to explore sensitivity of uncertainty and lack of information. In pSIA workshops the participants are supposed to build conceptual models with different modelling methods, like System Dynamics, Value Chain Analysis, and Morphological Analysis. A case study is presented that describes a workshop series with political as well as academic actors, applying the pSIA approach to an impact assessment of Economic Partnership Agreements between the European Union and the Eastern and Southern Africa Region.

星载干涉SAR阴影及叠掩区域相位重构方法

针对星载干涉合成孔径雷达(interferometric synthetic aperture radar, InSAR)定位过程中的问题,分析了星载InSAR阴影区域干涉相位图的相位特点,结论为在距离向上阴影区域两个临界端点处的相位差很小。在该结论的基础上给出了阴影区域的相位重构方法,该方法有效解决了阴影区域相位在解缠时不能传递正确的缠绕周期。建立了InSAR叠掩区域相位模型,推导了叠掩区域的相位特性,并针对该特性给出了叠掩区域的相位重构方法。仿真结果表明了阴影和叠掩区域相位重构方法的有效性和实用性。     

初始段安控信息系统的应用研究

从发射场的实际需要出发 ,对飞行初始段安控信息的获取进行了分析研究。采用新的初始段安控测量体制 ,把电视图像和计算机数字信息量化合成为一体 ,使安控指挥员能够及时直观地进行安全判断 ,并采取相应的安控措施。应用此项技术成功地研制了初始段安控电视信息系统 ,提供直观、准确的初始段飞行实况、比对弹道和安全管道等安控信息 ,有效地实现了初始段安控信息的获取。该系统经济、实用、可靠 ,已在发射场推广使用。     

DDFS spurious signals due to amplitude quantization in absence of phase-accumulator truncation

Spurious signals in direct digital frequency synthesizers (DDFSs) are partly caused by amplitude quantization and phase truncation, which affect their application to many wireless telecommunication systems. Thee signals are deterministic and periodic in the time domain, so they appear as line spectra in the frequency domain. Two types of spurious signals due to amplitude quantization are exactly formulated and compared in thetime and frequency domains respectively. Then the frequency spectra and power levels of the spurious signals due to amplitude quantization in the absence of phase-accumulator truncation are emphatically analyzed, and the effects of the DDFS parameter variations on the spurious signals are thoroughly studied by computer simulation. And several important conclusions are derived which can provide theoretical support for parameter choice and spurious performance evaluation in the application of DDFSs.     

基于自适应相位旋转的Grover量子搜索算法

在使用Grover量子搜索算法对给定规模的无序数据库搜索时,随着搜索目标数的增加,获得正确结果的概率大幅度下降.分析了出现这种现象的原因,研究了算法中的Grover叠代过程,提出了一种新的自适应相位旋转策略.应用这一策略,当搜索目标数超过目标总数的(3-√5)/8时,只需两步搜索;当搜索目标数超过目标总数的1/4时,只需一步搜索,即可获得恒等于1的成功概率.实验表明新相位旋转策略是有效的.     

Energy flows in complex ecological systems: a review

Energy flow drives the complex systems to evolve. The allometric scaling as the universal energy flow pattern has been found in different scales of ecological systems. It reflects the general power law relationship between flow and store. The underlying mechanisms of energy flow patterns are explained as the branching transportation networks which can be regarded as the result of systematic optimization of a biological target under constraints. Energy flows in the ecological system may be modelled by the food web model and population dynamics on the network. This paper reviews the latest progress on the energy flow patterns, explanatory models for the allometric scaling and modelling approach of flow and network evolution dynamics in ecology. Furthermore, the possibility of generalizing these flow patterns, modelling approaches to other complex systems is discussed. This research is supported by Guozhi Xu Post Doctoral Research Foundation and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60574068.     

宁夏银北灌区水资源优化配置模型及应用

以宁夏银北灌区为例,基于大系统分解协调原理建立了地表水地下水联合运用的递阶优化模型.子系统优化模型采用增量动态规划法求解,协调层利用目标协调法和关联预估法实现全局最优,获得不同约束方案下的时段最优引黄水量、井灌水量、井排水量和运行费用.所建模型及求解方法弥补了以往水资源配置模型只考虑地下水垂向运动,忽略水平运动的不足, 改善了模型的仿真性和决策的可靠性.