堇青石负载Mn-Zn-O复合金属氧化物的甲苯催化燃烧性能

以堇青石蜂窝陶瓷为载体、Mn(NO3)2和Zn(NO3)2为原料,采用过量浸渍法制备负载型Mn-Zn-O复合氧化物催化剂,考察Mn与Zn摩尔比、负载量及焙烧温度对甲苯催化燃烧性能的影响,并采用表面积分析仪(BET)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X线衍射仪(XRD)对催化剂进行表征。结果表明:n(Mn)/n(Zn)为2,负载量为10%,经450℃焙烧的催化剂表现出最佳的甲苯催化燃烧性能,在300℃及体积空速为10 000 h-1条件下,催化燃烧质量浓度为3.8μg/m3的甲苯,催化转化率可达91.4%。     

基于最小Gibbs自由能原理的铁氧化物气固还原热力学研究

基于最小Gibbs自由能原理建立了铁氧化物气固还原反应的热力学模型,由模型计算结果作出铁氧化物气固还原反应平衡图,与文献中实验数据吻合良好.与常用冶金学教材和热力学数据库中给出的参考数据进行了对比,不同来源的热力学数据差异较大.探究了铁氧化物逐级还原的热力学平衡情况.计算了CO和H2混合气体还原铁氧化物的热力学平衡,推导了平衡时气体总利用率η总 的计算公式,作出了CO和H2混合气体还原铁氧化物的三维平衡图,并与文献中实验数据对比,验证了结果的正确性.     

中温固体氧化物燃料电池双钙钛矿PrBaCo2O5+δ作为潜在阴极的电化学性能研究

通过溶胶-凝胶制备双钙钛矿PrBaCo_2O_(5+δ)(PBCO)中温固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料,研究结果表明:PrBaCo_2O_(5+δ)为四方结构.在100~850℃内,PBCO样品为金属导电机制.交流阻抗谱的测试结果表明:PrBaCo_2O_(5+δ)电极在800℃时的极化电阻为0.034 8Ω·cm~2.采用La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3-δ)(LSGM)电解质为支撑体的单电池在800℃时的功率密度达到558.7 m W/cm2.     

热处理温度对纳米SnO_2与石墨复合材料电化学性能的影响

用微乳液法制备了纳米SnO2与石墨复合材料作为锂离子电池负极材料,并对其用不同温度进行了热处理.用X-射线衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对复合材料进行了表征,并用恒流充放电法考察了试样的电化学性能.对比结果表明,复合材料有着较高的循环容量,不同热处理温度对复合物的电化学性能有着明显的影响.随着热处理温度的升高,电池的循环容量都明显增加,但不可逆容量也随之增加.     

柴油机燃用天然气制油的氮氧化物排放特性

以一台轿车用直喷式柴油机为试验样机,分别燃用五种不同天然气制油(GTL)掺混比例的混合燃油.研究其总的NO2排放,以及NO,NO2,N2O等氮氧化物主要组分的排放特性.结果表明,各GTL混合燃油的NOx排放曲线形态较为接近,低负荷时差异较小,随负荷增加,排放差异增大.NOx排放以NO和NO2为主,各GTL混合燃油的NO排放随着负荷上升而增加,NO在总NO2排放中始终占有最高比例.NO2排放也占有相当比例,在低负荷和高负荷均较低,中间负荷最高,大负荷高温不利于NO2的生成.N2O排放量极低,在低负荷时有一定生成量,中高负荷N2O排放几乎为零,缸内高温不利于N2O排放的生成.随GTL混合比的提高,NOx和NO排放降幅增大,NO2排放有所增加,但总体幅度不大.     

n-Pentylamine-intercalated layered perovskite-type oxide

A novel n-pentylamine-intercalated layered perovskite-type oxide, C5H11NH3-Sr2Nb3O10, was prepared and characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, Raman spec-trascopy, and elemental analysis. It was shown that the intercalated n-pentylamine adopted a bilayer formation with some overlap and tilt, and the lattice of the perovskite layer was distorted due to the intercalation of n-pentylamine. The as-prepared sample gave clear electric hysteresis loop and did not show fatigue after 1011 switching circles, and therefore, could be considered as a new kind of fatigue-free ferroelectric materials.     

Investigation of novel zirconium based perovskite-type mixed conducting membranes for oxygen separation

A series of BaZr_0.2Co_0.8-xFe_xO_3-δ materials for oxygen separation were synthesized through a citric and EDTA acid combined complexing method, and their crystal structures, oxygen permeabilities, sintering and sealing abilities were investigated. The results showed that the cubic perovskite structure was formed for materials in the composition range investigated. Oxygen permeation flux and stability, as well as sintering and sealing abilities of the synthesized materials were increased or improved apparently due to the introduction of zirconium. For example, the oxygen permeation flux reached 0.8 mL/min·cm² when x = 0.2 or 0.3 at 950℃, and a stable time-related oxygen permeation flux was found for the BaZr_0.2Co_0.3Fe_0.5O_3-δ membrane at 800℃.     

钙钛矿结晶形貌的研究

基于分形理论和数字图像技术,建立了冶金材料图像分析的数学模型,用分维数对图像进行定量描述,用VC++语言开发了基于Windows的分析程序,对采用淬火技术获得含钛高炉渣试样进行分析,效果显著·程序使用方便,可以用视频捕捉、图像扫描及数字照片3种方式获得数字图像,然后进行分析,可广泛应用于材料与冶金领域的图像分析,结果准确,操作方便     

Order-Disorder Phase Transition and Dielectric Mechanism in Relaxor Ferroelectrics

IntroductionSince Pb(Mg1/ 3Nb2 / 3) O3(PMN) was first syn-thesized by Smolenski and Agranovuskaya in thelate1 950 s[1] ,a series of relaxor ferroelectrics withcomplex perovskite structure whose dielectric andferroelectric properties are rather different fromthose of normal ferroelectrics have been studied.For the lead- based relaxor ferroelectrics,thedielectric permittivity is unusually high,thesintering temperature is rather low,and thetemperature coefficient of capacitance is quitesmall,w…     

Perovskite-type B-site Bi-doped ceramic membranes for oxygen separation

Novel mixed conducting oxides, B-site Bi-doped perovskites were exploited and synthesized.Cubic perovskite structures were formed for BaBi0.2CoyFe0.8-yO3-δ (y≤0.4) and BaBixCo0.2Fe0.8-xO3-δ(x=0.1-0.5).The materials exhibited considerable high oxygen permeability at high temperature.The oxygen permeation flux of BaBi0.2Co0.35Fe0.45O3-δ membrane reached about 0.77×10-6 mol/cm2.s under an air/helium oxygen partial pressure gradient at 900℃, which was much higher than that of other bismuth-contained mixed conducting membranes.The permeation fluxes of the materials increased with the increase of cobalt content, but no apparent simple relationship was found with the bismuth content.The materials also demonstrated excellent reversibility of oxygen adsorption and desorption.Stable time-related oxygen permeation fluxes were found for BaBi0.2Co0.35Fe0.45O3-δ and BaBi0.3Co0.2Fe0.5O3-δ membranes at 875℃.